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101.
Lunate silicone replacement arthroplasty in Kienb?ck's disease: a long-term follow-up 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We report a long-term follow-up (average, 5 years) of 10 patients who had lunate silicone replacement arthroplasty for treatment of Kienb?ck's disease. Clinical results were assessed on relief of pain, return to normal occupation, and range of motion. At 18- to 20-months follow-up, eight patients had satisfactory results, whereas at final follow-up only five of the patients had satisfactory results. Three of five patients with radiographs averaging 57 months after operation had evidence of particulate synovitis. Contrary to our previous publications on silicone replacement arthroplasty, it was concluded that the success rate for silicone replacement arthroplasty and the incidence of particulate synovitis do not warrant the continued use of silicone replacement arthroplasty as a primary treatment modality for Kienb?ck's disease. 相似文献
102.
The use of cannabis for the management of a wide range of painful disorders has been well documented in case reports throughout history. However, clinical evaluations of cannabis and its psychoactive constituent THC have not led to a consensus regarding their analgesic effectiveness. On the other hand, THC and its synthetic derivatives have been shown to be effective in most animal models of pain. These antinociceptive effects are mediated through cannabinoid receptors in the brain that in turn appear to interact with noradrenergic and kappa opioid systems in the spinal cord to modulate the perception of painful stimuli. The endogenous ligand, anandamide, is also an effective antinociceptive agent. The extent to which the endogenous cannabinoid system is involved in the modulation of pain is currently unknown. 相似文献
103.
Wilson DM Varvel SA Harloe JP Martin BR Lichtman AH 《Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior》2006,85(1):105-113
Repeated marijuana use is known to lead to physical dependence in humans; however, its dependence liability has yet to be adequately assessed in laboratory animals. The goals of the present study were to: assess whether the CB(1) antagonist SR 141716 (rimonabant) precipitates withdrawal in mice that had been repeatedly exposed to marijuana smoke, and to compare these precipitated withdrawal effects to those elicited following intravenous administration of its chief psychoactive component Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta(9)-THC). SR 141716 elicited a significant increase in paw tremors in mice that were repeatedly dosed with either marijuana or Delta(9)-THC. Unexpectedly, the blood and brain concentrations of Delta(9)-THC following marijuana exposure were considerably lower than those found following Delta(9)-THC injection when comparing an equivalent magnitude of paw tremors in both conditions. Finally, Delta(9)-THC dose-dependently alleviated SR 141716-induced paw tremors in marijuana-dependent mice, but marijuana itself failed to reverse the precipitated withdrawal effect. It is likely that marijuana exposure generated insufficient Delta(9)-THC brain levels (i.e., 203+/-19 ng/g) to reverse the withdrawal signs compared with the brain levels following intravenous injection (i.e., 1862+/-82 ng/g). These findings taken together indicate that mice exposed repeatedly to marijuana smoke exhibit similar precipitated withdrawal effects as Delta(9)-THC-injected mice. 相似文献
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106.
Alpha-aminoisobutyric acid transport in human leukemic lymphocytes: in vitro characteristics and inhibition by cortisol and cycloheximide 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Daniel T. Baran Marshall A. Lichtman William A. Peck 《The Journal of clinical investigation》1972,51(8):2181-2189
We have studied the transport of alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB)-3-(14)C and its response to cortisol and cycloheximide in vitro in blood lymphocytes from untreated patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The accumulation of AIB-3-(14)C increased in a linear fashion for 60 min, and reached an apparent steady state in 120 min. The initial rate of AIB accumulation (V(o)) varied from 1.1 to 10.2 mumoles/kg cell H(2)O per min in cells from 16 different patients; however, V(o) was reproducible in cells from five of six patients which were studied repeatedly over 1-9 months, and correlated positively with the lymphocyte count (r = 0.51, P = < 0.01).Virtually total inhibition of protein synthesis with cycloheximide was found to decrease the accumulation of AIB in cells from four patients which had high rates of AIB transport, but had no effect on transport in cells from four patients which accumulated AIB more slowly. These results indicate that active transport depends, in part, upon the presence of labile protein with a turnover rate which varies among different cell populations.Treatment with 10 muM cortisol for 240 min in vitro reduced the initial rate of AIB-3-(14)C accumulation (V(o)) by 43.4+/-4.1% (SE) (range, 9-66%) in cells from 16 patients. The degree of inhibition did not vary appreciably over a 9 month period in four of five patients. The effect of cortisol was proportional to its starting concentration, and developed at low concentrations (0.1-1.0 muM). Cortisol appears to decrease AIB accumulation by inhibiting active uptake, since it neither enhanced the exodus of AIB, nor inhibited apparently nonsaturable transport. Inhibition was noncompetitive in type, suggesting that cortisol decreases the total capacity of the active transport mechanism.Cortisol inhibited AIB transport indirectly by a process which involved de novo protein synthesis, since inhibition (a) appeared only after 60 min of treatment, (b) was present in treated cells which were subsequently incubated for 60 min in cortisol-free medium, and (c) failed to develop during simultaneous blockade of protein synthesis with cycloheximide, even when cycloheximide itself did not decrease AIB transport. 相似文献
107.
This article outlines the historical development of midcarpal instability observations and terminology and places them in the broader context of currently accepted theories of wrist pathomechanics. Such an understanding may help resolve the following questions: Are there 1 or more entities under the current designation of midcarpal instability? What are the underlying pathogenesis and pathomechanics of the disorder(s)? What are the recommended treatment options? What further research needs to be done to better answer these questions? 相似文献
108.
Hyland MR Webber-Gaffney A Cohen L Lichtman PT 《The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy》2006,36(6):364-371
STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, experimental, randomized, single-factor, pretest/posttest design. OBJECTIVES: To examine the effects of a calcaneal and Achilles-tendon-taping technique, utilizing only 4 pieces of tape and not involving the medial arch, on the symptoms of plantar heel pain. BACKGROUND: Plantar fasciitis is one of the most common causes of heel and foot pain. Physical therapists have applied many techniques in an attempt to relieve the symptoms of plantar heel pain, including various taping methods for which there is little existing evidence. METHODS AND MEASURES: Subjects (n=41) were randomly assigned into 4 groups: (1) stretching of the plantar fascia, (2) calcaneal taping, (3) control (no treatment), and (4) sham taping. A visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and a patient-specific functional scale (PSFS) for functional activities were measured pretreatment and after 1 week of treatment (posttreatment). Results: A significant difference was found posttreatment among the groups for the VAS (P < .001). Specifically, significant differences were found between stretching and calcaneal taping (mean + SD, 4.6 +/- 0.7 versus 2.7 +/- 1.8; P = .006), stretching and control (mean +/- SD, 4.6 +/- 0.7 versus 6.2 +/- 1.0; P = .026), calcaneal taping and control (mean +/- SD, 2.7 +/- 1.8 versus 6.2 +/- 1.0; P < .001), and calcaneal taping and sham taping (mean +/- SD, 2.7 +/- 1.8 versus 6.0 +/- 0.9; P < .001). No significant difference among groups was found for posttreatment PSFS (P = .078). Conclusions: Calcaneal taping was shown to be a more effective tool for the relief of plantar heel pain than stretching, sham taping, or no treatment. 相似文献
109.
Evidence for interaction between platelet fibrinogen receptors 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Previous analysis of fibrinogen binding to human aspirin-treated gel- filtered platelets yielded upwardly concave Scatchard plots. To ascertain whether this was due to the presence of independent heterogeneous receptor populations binding fibrinogen with different affinities, the dissociation of purified 125I-fibrinogen from ADP- treated gel-filtered platelets was evaluated as a function of receptor occupancy. Dissociation of bound labeled fibrinogen was measured after 50-fold dilution with buffer containing O, 0.2, 0.8, and 2.0 mg/ml unlabeled fibrinogen. Dissociation of labeled fibrinogen increased with increasing receptor occupancy and was biphasic. With buffer alone, 76.0% +/- 5.8% (SD) of labeled fibrinogen dissociated in 30 min, with an initial rate of 0.392 +/- 0.175 min-1; with 0.2 mg/ml fibrinogen, 83.7% +/- 3.9% dissociated, with an initial rate of 0.589 +/- 0.044 min- 1; with 0.8 mg/ml, 91.8% +/- 1.3% of the labeled fibrinogen dissociated, with an initial rate of 0.910 +/- 0.028 min-1; and with 2.0 mg/ml fibrinogen, 97.3% +/- 2.3% of label dissociated, with an initial rate of 1.06 +/- 0.257 min-1 (n=5). The final rates of fibrinogen dissociation were unaffected by unlabeled fibrinogen in the dilution buffer and were not statistically different from the final dissociation rate of 0.015 +/- 0.10 min-1 observed following dilution with buffer alone. These results were neither an artifact of aspirin treatment or gel filtration, as similar observations were made using non-aspirin-treated washed platelets, nor were they an artifact of the purified fibrinogen preparations, because binding studies using whole plasma as the major source of fibrinogen also yielded upwardly concave Scatchard plots. Since the data demonstrate that the initial rate and extent of fibrinogen dissociation are dependent on fibrinogen receptor occupancy, they suggest receptor interactions possibly resulting from receptor clustering or crosslinking. Because the dissociation was biphasic, the results also suggest some heterogeneity among platelet- fibrinogen interactions. 相似文献
110.
Lichtman JH Fathi A Radford MJ Lin Z Loeser CS Krumholz HM 《The American journal of medicine》2006,119(10):843-850