银杏叶提取物对体外循环细胞因子的干预作用

目的：探讨体外循环脑损伤的发生机制及银杏叶提取物的干预作用．方法：选择44例心脏病需体外循环手术的风湿性心脏瓣膜病患者，随机分为观察组和对照组，每组22例．观察组在体外循环予充液中加入银杏叶提取物2mg／kg体质量，对照组应用常规予充液．分别在术前、主动脉阻断后1h，术后6，12，24和48h抽取静脉血标本，检测血清IL-1β，IL-18和S100蛋白水平．结果：对照组自CPB结束即刻开始，血清IL-1β显著升高，观察组血清IL-1β自主动脉阻断1h开始升高，持续至术后48h，自主动脉阻断1h开始，对照组显著低于观察组．对照组自术后6h开始，血清IL-18持续升高至术后48h，观察组血清IL-18主动脉阻断1h开始，血清IL-18持续升高至术后48h，主动脉阻断1h，对照组血清IL-18低于观察组，但术后6，12，24，48h显著高于观察组．对照组S100蛋白自CPB结束开始升高，持续至实验结束，自主动脉阻断1h开始至术后48h血清S100蛋白水平对照组均显著高于观察组．结论：体外循环心脏直视手术细胞因子IL-18参与脑组织损伤过程，GBE可调节细胞因子，使血清S100蛋白显著降低．     

计算机辅助角膜分析系统在主动眼球跟踪近视准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术后光学切削区偏中心应用中的意义

目的:分析主动眼球跟踪近视准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术后光学切削区偏中心程度,评价这一系统的精确性及临床意义。方法:①选取2005-11/12在青岛大学医学院附属医院眼科准分子激光治疗中心行准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术,术前近视透镜焦度不超过-10.00m-1的近视患者进行回顾性分析,共纳入100例(200眼),其中男52例(104眼),女48例(96眼);年龄18～45岁,平均(22.5±2.68)岁;术前近视透镜焦度:球镜-0.75～-10.00m-1,散光-0.50～-3.50m-1。②将患者分为两组,低中度近视组56例(112眼),透镜焦度<-6.00m-1;高度近视组44例(88眼),透镜焦度-6.00～-10.00m-1。③所有患者术前及术后1个月采用附设瞳孔中心定位软件的计算机辅助角膜地形图分析系统(Wavelight Allegretto,德国)对患眼进行检查,在手术前后差异图上,测定光学切削区偏中心数值及方位。④术后随访1年,了解手术的安全性、有效性。结果:100例(200眼)全部进入结果分析。①术后光学切削偏中心数值:低中度近视组0.06～0.38mm,平均(0.22±0.16)mm,高度近视组0.07～0.41mm,平均(0.24±0.17)mm,两组均无>0.50mm者,两组间比较差异不显著(P>0.1)。②偏中心方位两组间比较无明显差异,多数位于鼻上象限。③术后随访1年,裸眼视力均达到或超过术前最佳矫正视力,无视力下降及眩光、光晕等手术并发症,患者对手术结果满意。结论:主动眼球跟踪系统能减少光学切削区偏中心,提高手术的安全性、有效性。     

Technical challenges and limitations of current mouse models of ovarian cancer

The development of genetically engineered models (GEM) of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has been very successful, with well validated models representing high grade and low grade serous adenocarcinomas and endometrioid carcinoma (EC). Most of these models were developed using technologies intended to target the ovarian surface epithelium (OSE), the cell type long believed to be the origin of EOC. More recent evidence has highlighted what is likely a more prevalent role of the secretory cell of the fallopian tube in the ontogeny of EOC, however none of the GEM of EOC have demonstrated successful targeting of this important cell type.The precise technologies exploited to develop the existing GEM of EOC are varied and carry with them advantages and disadvantages. The use of tissue specific promoters to model disease has been very successful, but the lack of any truly specific OSE or oviductal secretory cell promoters makes the outcomes of these models quite unpredictable. Effecting genetic change by the administration of adenoviral vectors expressing Cre recombinase may alleviate the perceived need for tissue specific promoters, however the efficiencies of infection of different cell types is subject to numerous biological parameters that may lead to preferential targeting of certain cell populations.One important future avenue of GEM of EOC is the evaluation of the role of genetic modifiers. We have found that genetic background can lead to contrasting phenotypes in one model of ovarian cancer, and data from other laboratories have also hinted that the exact genetic background of the model may influence the resulting phenotype. The different genetic backgrounds may modify the biology of the tumors in a manner that will be relevant to human disease, but they may also be modifying parameters which impact the response of the host to the technologies employed to develop the model.     

Molecular basis of hemoglobin-H disease in the Mediterranean population

We investigated the molecular basis of hemoglobin-H disease by hybridization and restriction endonuclease mapping of the DNA in the Mediterranean populations. Of the 12 patients studied from Cyprus and Sardinia, 8 had the typical deletion defect with a single remaining alpha-globin gene. The nondeletion type of alpha-thalassemia was found in 3, and a "dysfunctional" gene in one. We conclude that the predominant cause of alpha-thalassemia in these populations is gene deletion.     

重症肌无力合并吉兰-巴雷综合征一例报告

患者，女，４０岁。因间断吞咽困难、四肢无力２１年，急起四肢无力１个月于１９９７年８月１８日入院。患者于１９７６年６月起渐出现吞咽困难、饮水呛咳、四肢无力，晨轻暮重，诊断为重症肌无力（ＭＧ），服用吡啶斯的明开始有效，后因疗效差，于１９７７年行胸腺切除术...