白细胞介素1刺激破骨细胞性骨吸收作用的实验研究

目的：了解白细胞介素1β（IL－1β）在破骨细胞性骨吸收中的刺激作用及其相应的作用机制。方法：分别将新生大鼠破骨细胞单独以及和成骨细胞联合接种于预置象牙片的培养板中。24h后培养液中加入不同浓度的IL－1β。继续培养48h,然后取出象牙片,超声处理后行甲苯胺蓝染色,光镜下观察骨吸收陷窝的数目并计算其部面积。结果：IL－1β能够明显增加坡骨细胞和成骨细胞联合培养组象牙片上吸收陷窝的数目和面前,且刺激作用呈剂量依赖性,但对单独培养的破骨细胞无明显刺激作用。结论：IL－1β的刺激骨吸收作用由成骨细胞所介导,而非直接作用于破骨细胞。     

真空紫外辐照对加成型硅橡胶光学性能的影响

考察了加成型硅橡胶在真空环境中经1000ESH紫外辐照后的性能变化。结果表明,辐照后材料均出现发黄的现象,光学透过率大幅度 下降,同时加入硅酸钾包覆后制备的热控涂层反射率下降。经原位测试与离位测试,发现加成型硅橡胶在两种不同条件下测得的结果差异较小,而在有机硅橡胶中加入ZnO后原位与离位测试结果则差异明显,表现出明显的漂白作用。     

血脂康对肾病综合征病人脂代谢的影响

目的 :研究血脂康对肾病综合征病人脂代谢的调节作用 ,并与辛伐他汀比较。方法 :37例肾病综合征高脂血症病人随机分为血脂康组 (19例 ,血脂康 1.2g/d)和辛伐他汀组 (18例 ,舒降之 10mg/d) ;治疗前和治疗 4周后分别检测肝、肾功能、血脂、电解质及 2 4h尿蛋白。结果 :两组在治疗 4周后TC、TG及LDL C均下降 (P均 <0 .0 1) ,TP、ALB和HDL C升高 (P <0 .0 1或 <0 .0 5 ) ;而两组间比较治疗前和治疗 4周后的上述指标差异均无显著性 (P均>0 .0 5 )。结论 :血脂康能显著性降低肾病综合征病人TC、TG和LDL C水平 ,提高HDL C水平。     

有机溶液环境下中药成分的纳滤分离机制及适用性研究策略

随着有机溶液在中药制药领域应用的逐渐普遍,涉及到提取、醇沉、树脂洗脱剂成分制备等环节,从而衍生出衔接性的热处理精制引起中药成分转化、溶剂污染等问题。纳滤具有常温化分离优势,但适用于水溶液的分离模型在有机溶液中存在明显的局限性。通过综述纳滤分离机制,结合复杂溶液体系下中药成分的真实状态和传质行为,以期发现适用于有机溶液环境的中药成分纳滤分离研究策略,提升纳滤技术在中药制药领域的适用性,推动中药资源的合理化利用。     

Clinicopathological characteristics,prognosis, and chemosensitivity in patients with metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma

PurposeTo investigate the clinical characteristics, chemosensitivity, and outcome of metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).Patients and MethodsRecords of patients with metastatic UTUC since January 2005 were retrieved from a database that included clinical and survival data. Statistical analyses including survival and multivariate analyses of factors were respectively performed by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard model.ResultsA total of 250 consecutive UTUC cases were evaluated. There were 56 patients (22.4%) with initially diagnosed stage IV disease. The most common metastatic sites were lung (39.6%), distant lymph nodes (39.2%), bone (19.6%), liver (18.0%), and adrenal gland (7.2%), respectively, and the local recurrence rate was 10.4%. Two hundred thirteen patients received first-line chemotherapy. The overall response rate was only 28.7% and the median progression-free survival time was only 5.0 months. The overall survival time of the cohort was 18.0 months. Multivariate analyses showed that initially diagnosed stage IV disease, number of metastatic organs ≥3, no response to chemotherapy and cycles of chemotherapy ≤2 were adverse prognosticators for overall survival.ConclusionUTUC presented to be more prone to metastasize than locally recur and thought to have low chemosensitivity. Stage IV disease at initial diagnosis, number of metastatic organs, response and cycles of chemotherapy were independent prognosticators for metastatic UTUC.     

The introduction of treatment and the cultural adaptability of western psychotherapies for eating disorders in China

In the past 40 years, the prevalence of eating disorders (ED) in China has shown an increasing trend, leading to an urgent need to develop efficient treatment modes and methods. Since the beginning of the new century, the diagnosis, treatment, and research of ED in China have been under development. This article gives an introduction and commentary on the treatment modes, treatment methods and their applications in ED in China. There are two main treatment forms for ED until now, that is, inpatient treatment and outpatient treatment. Inpatient treatment is recommended as the first choice. Since 2008, clinical psychotherapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), and family-based treatment (FBT), which are effective for pathological symptoms of ED, have been introduced into China and developed clinically. Group CBT and group DBT for patients with ED and group FBT for caregivers might be the most efficient psychotherapy in China nowadays. A multi-family FBT support group could be developed as the basic treatment of ED patients. Although these new types of psychotherapy have observed effectiveness in clinical application, the Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT) are rare and need to be developed.     

由两张照片确定物体的三维结构

本文介绍一种体视学方法～双平面成像体视法。这种方法只要从不同角度拍摄物体的两张照片，通过计算机的计算来确定物体的三维结构。目前流行的体视学方法，无论是从随机切片中统计出三维参数还是连续切片的三维重建，都相当于用一只眼睛观看大量景物之后所作的综合。本文提出的方法相当于人类用两只眼睛观察物体产生的立体视觉。该法所需信息量少（只需物体的两张照片），算法简便，计算结果精确。是一种值得推广的体视学方法。     

神经系统轴突生长的数值模拟

目的数值模拟神经系统在发育过程中轴突的生长情况。方法根据神经发育原理,建立具有一定刚性的非线性混合抛物型偏微分方程组,运用ADI差分格式和改进的欧拉法作数值分析。结果 (1)在一个正方形平面区域内有10个轴突以相等的间距围成圆形,当中心有1个靶细胞时,轴突生长路径的数值模拟结果与前人所做的有关结果一致;(2)轴突的初始位置同(1),当中央有4个两两上下并排分布的靶细胞时,数值模拟结果很好地反映了轴突生长时的趋化性;(3)在区域的近上、下边界分别有一串靶细胞和一串轴突时,数值模拟结果较好地反映了轴突结集生长时的成束和解束现象。结论本文给出的数学模型和数值主法能够较好地模拟有关实验所观测到的主要现象。     

聚醚醚酮颈椎融合器的临床应用研究

目的 :探讨由聚醚醚酮复合材料制成的螺柱状颈椎融合器在颈前路融合术中的作用。 方法 :随机选择 14例单节段脊髓型颈椎病患者为实验组 ,另取 42例相同患者作为对照组。实验组行颈椎融合器植入 ,原位自体碎骨片植入术。对照组取自体髂骨移植。分析和对照手术前后 X线片、CT片、QCT及功能恢复情况。结果 :所有患者术后神经功能均有明显恢复。经6个月至 1年随访 ,神经功能两组间无明显差异 (P>0 .0 5 )。术后 3 d X线检查表明 ,实验组植入物无移位和松动 ,对照组 2例有轻度移位。术后 3个月 X线检查示 ,实验组和对照组均全部骨性愈合。实验组手术节段无高度降低 ,术后椎间隙高度增加(1.2± 0 .7) m m。对照组平均降低 (1.5± 0 .8) mm。 CT扫描显示术后 3 d融合器与周围骨组织接触紧密。术后 3个月实验组和对照组均骨性愈合。结论 :由聚醚醚酮复合材料制成的颈椎融合器具有良好的生物相容性 ,能有效地维持恢复的颈椎高度 ,促进颈椎融合。