核黄素等抗甲基苄基亚硝胺的致细胞突变作用

采用ＣＨＯ细胞ＨＧＰＲＴ位点突变测定系统观察了核黄素、尼克酰胺和锌等微量营养素对甲基苄基亚硝胺（ＭＢＮＡ）致细胞突变作用的影响。结果表明，在ＲＰＭＩ１６４０培养基中添加核黄素（２．６～１３．０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）或尼克酰胺（４０～１２０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）可显著抑制ＭＢＮＡ的致细胞突变作用。联合应用核黄素、尼克酰胺和锌效果更佳。提示：核黄素等微量营养素可能具有阻止细胞癌变的作用，为应用微量营养素干预治疗癌变过程提供了一定的理论依据。     

林县冬贮菜中亚硝酸盐及维生素C的含量分析

对林县食管癌高发区两种冬贮菜中亚硝酸盐和维生素C的动态分析,表明亚硝酸盐含量随蔬菜冬贮时间延长而增加,维生素C含量则逐渐降低,两者成负相关。提示蔬菜冬贮过程中应尽量减少维生素C的破坏。     

亮氨酸脑啡肽的电子结构及构效关系研究

对亮氨酸脑啡肽进行了量子化学(INDO)计算,研究其电子结构特征,讨论其活性部位、作用机理及构效关系。同吗啡和R31833进行了活性部位的电子结构与空间结构比较,推断它们的活性药效结构具有共同特点,与阿片受体相互作用时作用方式相同,作用部位有对应关系,因而具有相同的药理性质。     

蟾皮、全蝎、蜂房对食管癌小鼠模型干预实验研究

目的:研究蟾皮、全蝎、蜂房对小鼠前胃癌及癌前病变的阻断作用及可能机理。方法:应用肌氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和亚硝酸钠灌胃建立小鼠前胃癌及癌前病变模型;免疫组化ELPS法测定单纯诱癌组(32只)、单纯中药组(20只)及中药阻断组(48只)p27,VEGF的表达。结果:单纯诱癌组癌及癌前病变发生率显著高于阻断组(P=0.002);p27的表达与组织分级可能相关,在癌前期及早期癌中表达增高,发展至浸润癌时表达下降;VEGF表达阳性率及强度随组织学分级进展呈现增高趋势,诱癌组表达阳性率显著高于阻断组。结论:蟾皮、全蝎、蜂房对小鼠前胃癌及癌前病变具有阻断作用,与对VEGF表达的调控有关。     

消化内镜病毒污染的现状及对策

从乙型肝炎病毒、丙型肝炎病毒和人类免疫缺陷病毒污染情况综述了消化内镜病毒污染的现状，分析了污染的原因以及消化内镜消毒现状。     

低功率电切治疗膀胱肿瘤疗效观察

目的 探讨经尿道膀胱肿瘤低功率电切术的适应症、手术方法及其疗效评估. 方法分析65例经尿道膀胱肿瘤切除术.手术时间10～90 min,平均时间41 min;膀胱穿孔1例,术后冲洗时间1～3 d,平均2 d;导尿管留置时间1～5 d,平均4 d.结果 随访0.5～3 a,48例中肿瘤复发15例,其中原位复发2例,异位多位复发13例.结论 经尿道膀胱肿瘤低功率电切可防止并明显减少闭孔神经反射的发生,具有操作简单,损伤小,出血少、恢复快等优点.     

Search for coloured objects in natural surroundings by people with abnormal colour vision

Background: People with abnormal colour vision often report difficulty seeing coloured berries and flowers in foliage, which suggests they will have a diminished capacity for visual search when target objects are marked out by colour. There is very little experimental evidence of the effect of abnormal colour vision on visual search and none relating to search for objects in natural foliage. Method: We showed 79 subjects with abnormal colour vision (seven protanopes, 10 deuteranopes, 16 protanomals and 46 deuteranomals) and 20 subjects with normal colour vision photographs of natural scenes and asked them to locate clumps of red berries, to trace the length of a red string on grass and to name the season depicted in a photograph taken in the Autumn and the same scene photographed in the Summer. Colour vision was assessed using the Ishihara, the Medmont C100, the Farnsworth D15, the Richmond HRR and the Nagel anomaloscope. Results: All the subjects with abnormal colour vision located fewer clumps of red berries than those with normal colour vision. The subjects who failed the Farnsworth D15 performed significantly worse than those who passed but the distribution of scores in the two groups overlaps. The majority of subjects with abnormal colour vision could not trace the full length of the string: only 38 per cent of anomalous trichromats who passed the Farnsworth D15 test and three per cent of those who failed it were able to trace the full length of the string. Fifty‐five per cent of those classed as having a mild deficiency by the HRR test could trace the whole string. Most dichromats were unable to identify the Autumn season and those who did may have been assisted by guessing. Most (94 per cent) of those who passed the Farnsworth D15 test and all those classified as having a ‘mild’ deficiency by the HRR test could identify the season. Conclusions: All people with abnormal colour vision, even those with a very mild deficiency, have some degree of impairment of their ability to see coloured objects in natural surroundings. A pass at the Farnsworth D15 test or a ‘mild’ classification with the Richmond HRR test identifies those likely to have the least problems with visual search and identification tasks. The results have practical implications for the selection of personnel in occupations that involve visual search in natural terrain.     

隐动脉筋膜蒂的交腿皮瓣修复小腿严重软组织缺损

目的探讨一种小腿严重软组织缺损的修复方法。方法以健侧隐动脉为蒂的顺行或逆行交腿皮瓣修复患侧小腿软组织缺损。结果本组8例均有效地覆盖受区创面,随访三个月,皮瓣全部成活。结论该皮瓣不牺牲小腿的重要血管,质地与受区相似,方法简单易行,血运可靠,血管蒂长,是修复小腿严重软组织缺损的较好方法。     

大,巨型垂体腺瘤的手术入路选择

自１９９０年以来收治直径在２－５．６ｃｍ的大、巨型垂体腺瘤３３例。依肿瘤生长形态与扩展范围将其简略分为三种类型。Ａ型：瘤体位于鞍内或侵入蝶窦；Ｂ型；瘤体呈椭圆形或哑铃向鞍上扩展，三脑室明显移位抬高；Ｃ型：瘤体巨大侵入三脑室阻塞室间孔或明显的鞍周扩展。     

bcl-2反义寡核苷酸对膀胱癌BIU87细胞株的影响

目的:探讨bcl-2反义寡核苷酸对培养的膀胱癌BIU87细胞株的影响.方法:采用bcl-2基因第1外显子的反义寡核苷酸,以硫代磷酸修饰(PS-ASON),序列为5′-TCTCCCAGCGTGCGCCAT-3′,与膀胱癌细胞株BIU87共同孵育作为实验组.加入正义的bcl-2寡核苷酸,序列为5′-TACCGCGTGCGACCCTCT-3′(PS-SON)作为对照组,用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡和坏死率,电镜观察细胞形态变化.结果:与对照组相比,实验组的细胞坏死率明显上调,电镜下细胞形态呈坏死改变.结论:bcl-2的反义寡核苷酸引起膀胱癌细胞大量坏死,可能成为膀胱癌的治疗方法之一.