表面角膜镜片术治疗儿童外伤性白内障术后无晶体眼

本文报告了１０例儿童外伤性白内障术后无晶体眼，不适宜作人工晶体植入而接受了表面角膜镜片术。术后角膜屈光力平均增加９．２５Ｄ，裸眼视力均达０．２以上，矫正视力在０．４￣０．８之间，并恢复了双眼单视功能且矫正了弱视。经１￣３年追踪观察，表面角膜镜片保持透明，视力稳定且未出现并发症。结果表明该手术是一项近年来逐渐发展起来的操作简便、安全可靠、疗效确切的屈光性角膜手术。     

母乳中双歧因子的研究

本文用J.L.Reissig等人的方法对母乳中双歧因子进行了定性定量测定,并对不同时期母乳中双歧因子含量进行了比较,该法加样回收率为100.40％,RSD1.1％     

卵巢肿瘤细胞DNA及RNA含量的定量分析及其临床意义

本资料对９３例不同性质的卵巢肿瘤细胞ＤＮＡ及ＲＮＡ含量进行了定量研究，其中５０例良性、４３例恶性。并对患者进行１～５年的随访。结果是卵巢良性肿瘤的异倍率（假阳性）为４４％，恶性肿瘤异倍率为８６．０％。以“标准ＤＩ”及“标准ＲＩ”为指标判断卵巢肿瘤性质的准确率较以“异倍性”为高，且双指标同时应用高于任一单指标：对卵巢良恶性肿瘤的诊断准确率分别为９０％和９５．３％。提出“标准ＤＩ”和“标准ＲＩ”是判断卵巢肿瘤性质的理想指标。且ＤＮＡ及ＲＮＡ含量与卵巢癌预后有密切关系。     

Inhalation of the Phosphodiesterase-3 Inhibitor Milrinone Attenuates Pulmonary Hypertension in a Rat Model of Congestive Heart Failure

Background: Most patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) develop pulmonary venous hypertension, but right ventricular afterload is frequently further elevated by increased pulmonary vascular resistance. To investigate whether inhalation of a vasodilatory phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor may reverse this potentially detrimental process, the authors studied the effects of inhaled or intravenous milrinone on pulmonary and systemic hemodynamics in a rat model of CHF.

Methods: In male Sprague-Dawley rats, CHF was induced by supracoronary aortic banding, whereas sham-operated rats served as controls. Milrinone was administered as an intravenous infusion (0.2-1 [mu]g [middle dot] kg body weight-1 [middle dot] min-1) or by inhalation (0.2-5 mg/ml), and effects on pulmonary and systemic hemodynamics and lung water content were measured.

Results: In CHF rats, intravenous infusion of milrinone reduced both pulmonary and systemic arterial blood pressure. In contrast, inhalation of milrinone predominantly dilated pulmonary blood vessels, resulting in a reduced pulmonary-to-systemic vascular resistance ratio. Repeated milrinone inhalations in 20-min intervals caused a stable reduction of pulmonary artery pressure. No hemodynamic effects were detected when 0.9% NaCl was administered instead of milrinone or when milrinone was inhaled in sham-operated rats. No indications of potentially adverse effects of milrinone inhalation in CHF, such as left ventricular volume overload, were detected. Moreover, lung edema was significantly reduced by repeated milrinone inhalation.     

葛根素和淫羊藿甙对成骨细胞生物学作用的比较研究

目的 对比葛根素和淫羊藿甙对成骨细胞增殖和分化的影响。方法 将小鼠骨髓基质干细胞定向诱导分化为成骨细胞，取第3、4代细胞，以rhBMP-2为阳性对照，MTT法观察葛根素和淫羊藿甙对成骨细胞的增殖作用，碱性磷酸酶（ALP）比活性测定及钙结节计数观察葛根素和淫羊藿甙对成骨细胞分化的影响。结果 20μg／ml的淫羊藿甙可显著促进成骨细胞的增殖；20μg／ml淫羊藿甙及50μg／ml葛根素均能提高成骨细胞的碱性磷酸酶活性，并使矿化结节的形成明显增多。结论 淫羊藿甙不仅能促进成骨细胞的分化，还能增强其增殖能力，而葛根素主要是通过刺激分化来增强成骨细胞的活力。     

胃镜下探条或自制气囊扩张治疗贲门失弛缓症疗效的对比研究

目的对比分析胃镜下应用探条或自制气囊扩张治疗贲门失弛缓症的疗效。方法1998年1月～2007年12月，胃镜下治疗贲门失弛缓症45例，其中应用自制气囊扩张22例（自制气囊组），应用探条扩张23例（探条组），比较2组疗效。结果探条组23例扩张1～9次，平均3．6次；自制气囊组22例扩张1～6次，平均2．3次。2组术中及术后均无并发症发生。首次治疗费用探条组（1542．57±281．30）元，自制气囊组（861．91±176．48）元（t=9．671，P=0．000）。扩张后3个月的疗效2组差异无显著性[探条组显效14例（61％）、有效8例（35％）、无效1例（4％），自制气囊组显效15例（68％）、有效5例（23％）、无效2例（9％），Z=-0．351，P=0．726]。扩张后6个月的疗效2组差异有显著性[探条组显效5例（22％）、有效3例（13％）、无效15例（65％），自制气囊组显效10例（45％）、有效7例（32％）、无效5例（23％），Z=2．564，P=0．010]。结论胃镜下应用探条和自制气囊扩张治疗贲门失弛缓症安全、简便，患者恢复快，尤其自制气囊扩张器设备简单，就地取材，疗效肯定，在基层医院具有良好的推广价值。     

用多次酶消化法体外培养的大鼠成骨细胞及其鉴定

目的 针对目前体外培养成骨细胞方法的不足,建立一种理想的原代培养成骨细胞的方法,为骨替代材料的研究提供成骨细胞.方法 本实验用新生1～2天大鼠颅盖骨,采用多次酶消化法进行细胞体外培养.倒置显微镜观察细胞形态,并对其碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性及矿化能力进行鉴定.结果 所培养细胞具有成骨细胞的形态学特征及体内成骨细胞的生物学行为.结论 本实验体外培养成骨细胞的方法切实可行,可为骨替代材料的研究提供种子细胞,也可为骨细胞生物学和骨组织工程的研究提供一种客观而有效的实验手段.     

Rat Cytomegalovirus-Accelerated Transplant Vascular Sclerosis Is Reduced with Mutation of the Chemokine-Receptor R33

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection accelerates transplant vascular sclerosis (TVS) and chronic rejection (CR) in both human and animal solid organ transplantation models. The host/viral mechanisms involved in this process are unclear. We examine the role of the rat CMV (RCMV)-encoded chemokine-receptor R33 in the development of TVS using a rat heart transplantation/CR model. F344 heart grafts were transplanted heterotopically into Lewis recipients. The ability of RCMV lacking the R33 gene (RCMV-Deltar33) to accelerate CR/TVS (neointimal index, NI) was compared to wild-type (WT) RCMV. Allograft recipients were infected with 1 x 10(5) pfu RCMV or RCMV-Deltar33 on postoperative day (POD) 1. Grafts from RCMV-Deltar33-infected recipients demonstrated an accelerated time to allograft CR compared to grafts from uninfected recipients (POD = 56 vs. 90), this was slower than that seen in grafts from WT-RCMV-infected recipients (POD = 45). Similarly, the degree of graft TVS formation at terminal rejection in RMCV-Deltar33 infected recipients was more severe than uninfected recipients (NI = 63 vs. 45), yet not as severe as in WT-RCMV infected recipients (NI = 83). In parallel, RCMV-Deltar33 failed to induce vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration in vitro, whereas WT-RCMV induced substantial migration. The RCMV-encoded chemokine-receptor r33 is critical for RCMV-accelerated TVS/CR and vascular SMC migration.     

Syndecan-1和E-candherin在声门上型喉鳞状细胞癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨Syndecan—1和E—candherin两种黏附分子在声门上型喉鳞状细胞癌中的表达情况及与喉癌生物学行为之间的关系。方法：应用SP免疫组织化学法检测了38例声门上型喉鳞状细胞癌和7例喉黏膜慢性炎症组织中的Syndecan-1和E—candherin的表达并根据阳性瘤细胞占肿瘤细胞总数的比率进行半定量分析和统计检验。结果：Syndecan-1和E—candherin的阳性染色部位主要集中于细胞膜，E—candherin也可表达于细胞间质。Syndecan-1和E-candherin在恶性程度高的癌细胞上膜表达明显缺失，并与组织学分化、肿瘤大小密切相关。Syndecan-1和E-candherin在喉鳞状细胞癌细胞上的表达结果有相关性，但无敏感性差异。结论：Syndecan-1和E-candherin的表达可能在声门上型喉鳞状细胞癌的发生发展等生物学行为中起着重要的作用。     

建立具有中国特色的临床医学工程体系势在必行

我们提出了一个建立具有中国特色的临床医学工程体系新理念，并且提出了一些具体建设性的意见。它涉及到政府行政管理、医学院校教育、医院科室人员配置以及传统观念的管理模式等，由于理念新、涉及面广，会有许多问题，仅供各界人士共同去探讨。