Breast Volume Measurement in Young Chinese Women and Clinical Applications

The authors carried out research on breast volume and body surface anatomy of 125 women. As a result, an average breast volume for Chinese women was obtained (325.36 ± 12.66 ml), and a table with several linear equations for calculating breast volume was derived. The authors applied these results to their clinical work and succeeded in making mammaplasty more precise in 178 patients.     

高压氧治疗尺桡神经损伤疗效观察

应用高压氧治疗尺桡神经损伤修复术后１１例，与同期单纯手术修复１４例相比，优良率明显提高，二组间有显著差异。Ｐ＜０．０５，提示高压氧对尺桡神经损伤的修复有促进作用     

大豆总皂甙对培养心肌细胞自发性搏动与动作电位的影响

培养Wistar大鼠乳鼠的心室肌细胞,向培养基中分别加入浓度为1.56μg/ml至50μg/ml的大豆皂甙,可使心肌细胞群落的自发性搏动呈剂量依赖性抑制。洗脱大豆皂甙或向培养基中再加入10μg/ml肾上腺素均能使自发性搏动恢复。向培养基中加入大豆皂甙5μg/ml使心肌细胞动作电位的波幅、波宽、超射、最大舒张电位、阈电位、最大除极速度等各电参数立即减小。Ca~(2+)80μg/ml能使动作电位的抑制逆转。上述结果表明大豆皂甙对培养的鼠心肌细胞具有钙通道阻滞用。     

米利酮对豚鼠心乳头肌及主动脉条的作用

米利酮是非洋地黄，非儿茶酚胺类强心药，具有明显的正性肌力和扩血管作用。国外用于治疗难治性心衰及洋地黄中毒的心衰病人。本文用豚鼠乳头肌及主动脉条进行实验，结果表明合成与进口米利酮的正性肌力作用效价相同，对抗去甲肾上腺素缩血管的作用也等同。     

PBT／PC共混体系流变性能与形态结构研究

采用毛细管流交仪测定了ＰＢＴ／ＰＣ共混物的表观粘度、剪切应力，观察了不同共混物组成和不同温度下共混物的流变行为，并借助扫描电镜对共混物和微观形态结构进行分析。结果表明：ＰＢＴ／ＰＣ熔体共混物的流变行为接近假塑性流体．温度对共混物的流变行为影响很大，共混物的熔体粘度在ＰＢＴ／ＰＣ为９０／１０和６０／４０时呈双极值．共混物为两相结构，ＰＣ含量为４－５０％时呈两互锁结构。     

黄连素对培养鸡胚心室肌细胞钙单通道电流的影响

在培养的鸡胚心室肌细胞上，我们采用膜片钳技术的细胞贴附式构型，研究了黄连素（Ｂｅｒｂｅｒｉｎｅ，ＢＲ）对细胞膜钙单通道电流的影响。结果表明：ＢＲ可使心室肌细胞膜钙单通道电流明显增加；钙通道可利用率增加１１４．２％（Ｐ＜０．００１）；钙通道开放概率增加７５．３％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。用心得安阻断β受体或用异搏定阻断钙通道，均可逆转ＢＲ的上述作用。以上提示：①ＢＲ是一种钙通道激活剂；②ＢＲ对钙通道的调节作用依赖于β受体介导的磷酸化过程。     

IL-2R 在急性细胞性排异反应的同种异体尸体移植肾组织中的检测及意义

为探讨白介素－２受体（ＩＬ－２Ｒ，即ＣＤ２５）在同种异体肾移植急性细胞性排异（ＡＣＲ）临床诊断的作用，着重观察移植肾发生（ＡＣＲ）和无ＡＣＲ时，其间质浸润细胞中ＩＬ－２Ｒ阳性细胞数的变化，及其与间质浸润的淋巴细胞的关系。作者选择同期行异体肾移植，且无并发症患者１７例，采用ＰＡＰ四层免疫酶标法，检测移植肾组织中间质浸润细胞中ＩＬ－２Ｒ阳性细胞数的变化。结果显示：无ＡＣＲ的肾组织中，ＩＬ－２Ｒ阳性细胞仅轻度增加，当移植肾出现ＡＣＲ时，ＩＬ－２Ｒ阳性细胞数的增加十分显著，并与间质浸润的ＣＤ８密切相关。作者认为ＩＬ－２Ｒ对于ＡＣＲ的诊断及鉴别诊断具有一定的临床应用价值。     

登革病毒感染后小鼠细胞免疫功能的动态变化

从登革Ⅱ型病毒感染成年ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠为模型，观察感染后不同时间机体细胞免疫反应的变化。结果表明：感染后７－１４ｄ免疫功能处于激活状态，表现为腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能和脾淋巴细胞对ＣｏｎＡ的反应及ＩＬ－２产生水平都明显高于对照组，感染２１ｄ后免疫功能则转为抑制状态，上棕免疫反应明显低于对照组，脾中的Ｌ３Ｔ４＾＋细胞亚群的百分比逐渐下降；相反，ＬＹＴ２＾＋细胞亚群的百分比逐渐升高，这种抑制现象可维持到     

A multivariate study of protective effects of Zn and Cu against nephrotoxicity induced by cadmium metallothionein in rats.

Factorial experimental design was used to study the protective effects of Zn and Cu on cadmium-metallothionein(CdMT)-induced nephrotoxicity in male Wistar rats. In the factorial design two levels of Zn (0 and 25 mg/kg body weight), two levels of Cu (0 and 12.5 mg/kg), and two levels of CdMT (0.1 and 0.4 mg of Cd/kg) were used as varied factors. The factorial design was complemented with a center point with all three variables at an intermediate setting, i.e., Zn at 12.5 mg/kg, Cu at 6.25 mg/kg, and CdMT at 0.25 mg Cd/kg. Each of the nine combinations of settings was administered to one of nine groups with six rats in each. Zn and Cu were injected sc 24 hr prior to the injection of CdMT. The concentrations of protein and Ca in urine and Ca in renal cortex were used as effects. The relationship between the experimental design settings and the effects were modeled with multiple regression. The multiple regression analysis revealed that for the high dose of CdMT (i) the enhanced values of protein in urine caused by CdMT injection could be more efficiently reduced by Zn than by Cu, and (ii) excessive Ca in urine and renal cortex could be more efficiently reduced by Cu than by Zn. No significant synergism or antagonism between Cu and Zn was found. These models can be used to estimate the dose levels of Zn and Cu which will reduce the toxic effects of CdMT. The treatment of 20.4 mg/kg Zn, for example, will reduce the effects of 0.4 mg Cd/kg as CdMT on protein in urine, and 2.8 mg/kg Cu will reduce the Ca in urine to the levels of those caused by 0.25 mg Cd/kg (no Zn and Cu). Similarly, the effect of 0.4 mg Cd/kg on Ca level in renal cortex can be reduced to that of 0.28 mg Cd/kg as CdMT by 7.98 mg Cu/kg, which is three times as efficient as Zn. The obtained results might be of importance in understanding the mechanism of cadmium toxicity and the potential risk to the health of the population exposed to cadmium occupationally or environmentally.