五白散胶囊治疗慢性消化道溃疡出血15例观察

目的:观察五白散胶囊治疗慢性消化道出血的疗效.方法:治疗组15例用五白散胶囊治疗,对照组15例用维霉素、果胶铋、止血敏治疗.结果:治疗组总有效率100%,对照组总有效率86.6%,两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05).结论:五白散胶囊治疗消化道溃疡出血止血功效良好.     

PRO 1000 V3型心电监护仪LCD逆变器的升级及注意事项

介绍了该型心电监护仪黑屏故障的常见原因，对升级前后的LCD逆变器电路作了对比分析，并详细介绍了升级更换的方法和注意事项。     

Feasibility of treating hyperfibrinogenemia with intermittently administered batroxobin in patients with ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack for secondary prevention.

This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of batroxobin in treating hyperfibrinogenemia for secondary stroke prevention. Patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) were measured for plasma fibrinogen levels. Selected participants had concomitant hyperfibrinogenemia (plasma fibrinogen > or = 3.0 g/l). Patients enrolled between 1 July 2003 and 31 December 2004 were treated with batroxobin; patients enrolled between 1 January 2002 and 30 June 2003 were treated without batroxobin. Batroxobin was administered intermittently via intravenous injection at 3-monthly intervals. Patients in both groups were followed for 1 year. Any cerebrovascular events and suspected adverse events were recorded. In total, 112 ischemic stroke/TIA patients with concomitant hyperfibrinogenemia were enrolled, 52 being treated with batroxobin and 60 without batroxobin. Six patients (11.5%) with batroxobin and 16 patients (26.7%) without batroxobin had recurrent cerebral ischemic events during follow-up. Stroke/TIA recurrence in patients without batroxobin was higher than that in patients with batroxobin (P < 0.05). Two patients with batroxobin and two patients without batroxobin developed hemorrhagic stroke during follow-up. There were five deaths (9.6%) in the batroxobin group, and seven deaths (11.7%) in the nonbatroxobin group during follow-up (P > 0.05). Intermittent intravenous injection of batroxobin can efficiently reduce the risk for stroke/TIA recurrence in patients with concomitant hyperfibrinogenemia.     

Histamine and tryptase modulate asthmatic airway smooth muscle GM-CSF and RANTES release.

Degranulating mast cells are increased in the airway smooth muscle (ASM) of asthmatics, where they may influence ASM function. The aim of the present study was to determine whether histamine and tryptase modulate ASM cell granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted) release and also to examine which receptors are involved in this release. Confluent, quiescent ASM cells from asthmatic and nonasthmatic donors were treated with histamine (1 microM-100 microM) with and without histamine receptor antagonist pre-treatment, or the protease-activated receptor (PAR)-2 agonists tryptase (0.5-5 nM) and SLIGKV (100 and 400 microM). The cells were then stimulated with interleukin (IL)-1beta and/or tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (10 ng.mL(-1)) or left unstimulated for 24 h. Release of GM-CSF and RANTES was determined by ELISA and prostaglandin (PG)E(2) measured by enzyme immunoassay. Neither histamine nor tryptase induced ASM GM-CSF or RANTES secretion. However, histamine increased IL-1beta-induced GM-CSF release and markedly reduced TNF-alpha-induced RANTES release by both asthmatic and nonasthmatic cells to a similar extent, but did not modulate PGE(2) release. All changes involved activation of the histamine H1 receptor as they were partially or fully blocked by chlorpheniramine, but not ranitidine. Tryptase, via its proteolytic activity, also potentiated GM-CSF, but not RANTES, release from asthmatic and nonasthmatic ASM cells induced by both cytokines. PAR-2 involvement in the tryptase potentiation was unlikely because SLIGKV had no effect. In conclusion, mast cells, through histamine and tryptase, may locally modulate airway smooth muscle-induced inflammation in asthma.     

护士对护理记录理解的偏差及对策

一般护理记录单是住院病历的一部分，根据卫生部、中医药管理局公布的《病历书写基本规范》（试行）的规定，一般护理记录的定义是：护士根据医嘱和病情对一般病人住院期间护理过程的客观记录，内容包括病人姓名、记录日期和时间、病情观察、护理措施和效果、护士签名。现将护士在一般护理书写中存在认识上的理解偏差分析如下。     

案例教学法在护理伦理学中的应用分析

目的分析案例式教学在护理伦理学教学中应用的效果，以探讨适合护理伦理学的教学方法。方法采用传统教学法与案例教学法相对照进行护理伦理学的授课，对528名授课学生进行问卷调查并收集资料。结果92．4％的学生认为案例教学法能激发学习兴趣，87．2％的学生认为能调动学习的积极性，82．6％的学生认为有利于对知识的理解，72．1％的学生认为能培养思维和决策能力，68．0％的学生认为能增进师生互动。结论案例教学法可提高教学效果。培养学生的批判性思维能力。     

以院务公开为根本 积极探索治理医药购销领域商业贿赂长效机制

本文在探讨院务公开与治理医药购销领域商业贿赂辩证关系的基础上，从转变观念，完
善制度建设以及创造良好的医院文化等方面，提出了通过深化院务公开，建立医药购销领域长效机
制的对策和建议。