结肠、直肠癌术前区域动脉灌注化疗的临床病理观察

目的 探讨结直肠癌术前区域动脉灌注化疗对临床病理特征的影响及其可行性。方法 对３０例结、直肠癌患者以Ｓｅｌｄｉｎｇｅｒ方法插管、行选择性区域动脉并行灌注化疗。结果 所有病例病理检查均发现沿血管周围的癌细胞发生核固缩、碎裂,胞浆凝固、坏死、细胞间质水肿、纤维增生、炎细胞浸因和出现内膜增生、血管炎及血栓形成。结论订前选择性区域动脉灌注化疗要明显发迹结直肠癌患者的组织学形态,并使患者临床症状改善,对结直     

Epidemiological study on HIV/AIDS in Cambodia seroprevalence of HIV/STD among commercial sex workers

OBJECTIVE: To describe epidemiological features of HIV prevalence among female commercial sex workers (CSWs) in Cambodia, a cross-sectional study using a questionnaire study and serological tests was carried out from December 1997 to January 1998. We report the main results of the analyses of serological tests in this article. METHODS: Two hundred ninety six CSWs working in Sisophon and Poi Pet, located in northwest Cambodia, Bantey Mean Chey province, were recruited for interview based on a questionnaire on sexual behavior, and serological tests. The blood samples were examined for HIV antibody, Chlamydia trachomatis IgG antibody, TPHA, Hepatitis B surface antigen, and Hepatitis B surface antibody. The relationship between HIV and the other STD's was analyzed by using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The HIV seroprevalence rate was 43.9% (130 out of 296). The seropositive rate of Chlamydia trachomatis IgG antibody (C.T.-IgG-Ab) was 73.3% (217 out of 296). Logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between C.T.-IgG-Ab positive and HIV prevalence. (Odds Ratio: 5.33; 95% Confidence Interval, 2.82-10.07). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that the existence of Chlamydia trachomatis is closely related with HIV prevalence among CSWs in Cambodia. Other STDs may also increase susceptibility to male-to-female sexual transmission of HIV. This suggests that appropriate prevention against STDs will be needed for the control of HIV prevalence in Cambodia.     

Effect of cimetidine on wedged hepatic venous pressure in cirrhotic patients

According to our supposition that "humoral mechanism" plays an important role in the pathogenesis of portal hypertension due to cirrhosis, antagonists to some of humoral substances would lower the portal pressure in cirrhotic patients. Wedged hepatic venous pressure (WHVP) was used as an indicator for changes of portal pressure. Cimetidine was given intravenously to 8 cirrhotic patients, in whom an average lowering of 0.72 kPa (7.3 cm H2O) of WHVP was observed subsequently. This change was of clinical significance as compared with the previous results of splenorenal shunting operations.

     

Growth hormone secretagogue activation of the arcuate nucleus and brainstem occurs via a non-noradrenergic pathway

Noradrenergic systems are integrally involved in the release of growth hormone (GH) from the anterior pituitary gland and in regulating the activity of hypothalamic growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) neurones. GH secretagogues act at both the pituitary and the hypothalamus to facilitate the release of GH. In male rats, using the induction of Fos protein as an indicator of neuronal activation, we examined whether neurones in the brainstem, the main noradrenergic input to the hypothalamus, were activated by systemic administration of peptide and non-peptide GH secretagogues. In addition, we examined the effects of chronic central noradrenaline depletion upon GH secretagogue-induced activation of the arcuate nucleus. Systemic injection of the GH secretagogues, GHRP-6 and MK-0677 induced Fos protein expression in a population of area postrema cells, but less than 10% of these cells were noradrenergic. Depletion of hypothalamic noradrenaline by the specific neurotoxin, 5-ADMP, did not alter GH secretagogue-induced activation of Fos protein in the arcuate nucleus compared to vehicle-treated controls. We conclude that the central actions of GH secretagogues involve the activation of non-noradrenergic cells in the area postrema and that GH secretagogue-induced activation of the arcuate nucleus occurs independently of noradrenergic tone.     

肝硬化门静脉高压症患者肝脏组织α1紧上腺素受体亚型的mRNA表达

目的 探讨肝硬化门静脉高压症患者肝脏组织α１肾上腺素受体亚型ｍＲＮＡ的表达。方法 应用半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应检测了１２例乙型肝炎后肝硬化门静脉高压症患者和１５例无高血压,无肝脏疾患的胆石症或胃肠道肿瘤患者肝脏组织α１肾上腺素受体亚型ｍＲＮＡ的表达。在同一体系中同时逆转录并扩增α１肾上腺素受体亚型特异性片段和内参ＧＡＰＤＨ片段,以二者的积分密度比值作为该受体亚型的ｍＲＮＡ相对表达量。结果 肝脏组织     

t-PA用于青光眼滤过术的临床随机对照研究

目的　研究组织型纤溶酶原激活剂 (t PA)在青光眼滤过术中的作用。方法　采用随机对照的临床验证方法 ,将 76例 ( 86眼 )难治性青光眼分为用药组 42例 ( 4 4眼 )和对照组 3 4例 ( 4 2眼 )。用药组术中及术后均应用t PA ;对照组未用t PA。术后随访 18～ 48个月 (平均 3 6个月 )。采用寿命表分析法统计。结果　用药组与对照组手术成功率及功能性滤过泡的累计百分率差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。而眼毒性作用的发生率无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　t PA是安全有效的治疗滤过性手术失败的药物。至少可以在术后 3年内将眼压维持在正常水平     

病案复印工作的信息化管理

目的为了将病案复印管理工作由传统的手工统计分析升级为信息化管理,运用计算机技术开发研制《病案复印管理系统》。方法依据病案复印流程的要求设计、建立数据库,根据工作需要设置检索查询,应用VisualBasic6.0编程工具和Access数据库实现程序设计。结果病案复印管理系统设计规范,具有良好和人机界面和操作性能,并提供了丰富的数据查询和统计分析功能。     

The association of XRCC1 haplotypes and chromosomal damage levels in peripheral blood lymphocyte among coke-oven workers.

Theoretically, a haplotype has a higher level of heterozygosity than individual single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and the association study based on the haplotype may have an increased power for detecting disease associations compared with SNP-based analysis. In this study, we investigated the effects of four haplotype-tagging SNPs (htSNP) and the inferred haplotype pairs of the X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) gene on chromosome damage detected by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. The study included 141 coke-oven workers with exposure to a high level of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and 66 nonexposed controls. The frequencies of total MN and MNed cells were borderline associated with the Arg(194)Trp polymorphism (P = 0.053 and P = 0.050, respectively) but not associated with the Arg(280)His, Arg(399)Gln and Gln(632)Gln polymorphisms among coke-oven workers. Five haplotypes, including CGGG, TGGG, CAGG, CGAG, and CGGA, were inferred based on the four htSNPs of XRCC1 gene. The haplotype CGGG was associated with the decreased frequencies of total MN and MNed cells, and the haplotypes TGGG and CGAG were associated with the increased frequencies of total MN and MNed cells with adjustment for covariates among coke-oven workers. This study showed that the haplotypes derived from htSNPs in the XRCC1 gene were more likely than single SNPs to correlate with the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-induced chromosome damage among coke-oven workers.     

鼻-鼻内窥镜外科围手术期的护理

我科自开展鼻-鼻内窥镜外科手术以来，特别注重整体性治疗。并更大的关注于围手术处理，降低了鼻窦炎、鼻息肉病术后复发率，我们认为在护理方面围绕围手术期，配合医师进行以下护理。