人血管内皮生长因子165基因联合间充质干细胞治疗对扩张型心肌病胶原重塑的影响

目的：探讨人血管内皮生长因子165基因（hVEGF165）联合间充质干细胞（mesenchyma1stemce11s,MSCs）治疗对扩张型心肌病胶原重塑的影响。方法：将40只扩张型心肌病（DCM）大鼠模型随机分为4组：PBS组、MSCs心肌移植联合基因治疗组（MSCs—GENE组）、MSCs心肌移植组（MSCs组）以及基因治疗组（GENE组）。心肌局部注射所构建MLC-2v／pIRES2-EG-FP-hVEGF165与MSCs,采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）检测I型、Ⅲ型胶原和转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）基因表达,蛋白免疫印迹（Westrenb1ot）检测hVEGF165蛋白表达。结果：PBS组、MSCs＋GENE组、MSCs组以及GENE组的I型胶原PCR产物灰度比分别为（0．359±0．010）、（0．240±0．012）、（0．313±0．058）、（0．230±0．011）;而Ⅲ型胶原分别为（0．831±0．011）、（0．842±0．015）、（0．917±0．058）、（0．688±0．015）;TGF-β1分别为（0．548±0．067）、（0．370±0．012）、（0．561±0．014）、（0．369±0．098）;MSCs＋GENE组TGF-81与GENE组比较差异无统计学意义,但两者显著低于PBS组和MSCs组,提示TGF-β1表达下调;I型／III型胶原灰度比分别为（0．436±0．072）、（0．290±0．023）、（0．337±0．021）、（0．333±0．011）,其中MSCs组与GENE组比较差异无统计学意义;MSCs组与GENE组的I型／III型胶原灰度比减低,2组比较差异无统计学意义,但MSCs—GENE组进-步使I型／III型胶原灰度比减低;TGF-β1表达分析结果显示,hVEGF165基因治疗较MSCs移植使TGF-β1表达下调的作用更显著。结论：MSCs移植与hVEGF165基因治疗有可能通过下调TGF－β1表达,降低I型／III胶原比值,增加心肌顺应性,减轻心肌胶原网络重塑而改善心功能。     

版纳藤黄化学成分的研究

目的:研究版纳藤黄Garcinia xipshuanbannaensis枝叶的化学成分.方法:利用正相硅胶、反相RP-18柱色谱及葡聚糖凝胶Sephadex LH-20等手段进行分离纯化,根据波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构.结果:分离鉴定了15个化合物,分别为bannaxanthone E(1),大叶藤黄醇(xanthochymol,2),异大叶藤黄醇(isoxanthochymol,3),环大叶藤黄醇(cycloxanthochymol,4),osajaxanthone(5),gentisein(6),mangostinone(7),山柰酚(8),槲皮素(9),牡荆素(10),2"-O-acetylvitexin(11),3-乙酰齐墩果酸(12),(-)-表儿茶素[(-)-epicatechin,13],β-谷甾醇(14),胡萝卜苷(15).结论:化合物4～9,11～13为首次从该种植物分离得到,化合物11～13为首次从该属植物分离得到.     

α受体激动剂盐酸米多君治疗女性压力性尿失禁的临床研究

目的　评价盐酸米多君 (管通 )治疗女性压力性尿失禁的有效性和安全性。　方法　采用多中心、随机、双盲、安慰剂平行对照方法对 136例女性压力性尿失禁患者进行管通与安慰剂的对比研究。试验组 6 8例 ,服管通 2 .5mg/次 ,3次 /d ,疗程 4周 ;对照组 6 8例 ,以安慰剂替代管通。 　结果　完成试验 12 9例 ,,管通组 (6 6例 )平均尿失禁量减少 9.9g ,安慰剂组 (6 3例 )减少 3.1g ;管通组尿失禁等级评分减少 1.0 2分 ,安慰剂组减少 0 .35分 ;管通组的客观有效率和主观有效率分别为 6 6 .7%和 80 .3% ,安慰剂组分别为 31.7%和 33.3% ,两组比较 ,差异均有显著性意义 (P均 <0 .0 0 1)。管通组患者副作用发生率 15 .0 % ,安慰剂组 17.1% ,两组间差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。　结论　盐酸米多君治疗女性压力性尿失禁疗效明显 ,优于安慰剂 ,安全性和耐受性与安慰剂相似。     

Multislice spiral computed tomography coronary angiography in patients with stable angina pectoris

OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to prospectively evaluate the diagnostic performance of multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) coronary angiography for the detection of significant lesions in all segments of the coronary tree potentially suitable for revascularization. BACKGROUND: Noninvasive MSCT coronary angiography is a promising coronary imaging technique. METHODS: Sixteen-row MSCT coronary angiography was performed in 128 patients (89% men, mean age 58.9 +/- 11.7 years) in sinus rhythm with stable angina pectoris scheduled for conventional coronary angiography. Sixty percent (77 of 128) of patients received pre-scan oral beta-blockers, resulting in a mean heart rate of 57.7 +/- 7.7 beats/min. The diagnostic performance of MSCT for detection of significant lesions (> or =50% diameter reduction) was compared with that of quantitative coronary angiography (QCA). RESULTS: The sensitivity of MSCT for detection of significant lesions was 92% (216 of 234, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 88 to 95). Specificity was 95% (1,092 of 1,150, 95% CI: 93 to 96), positive predictive value 79% (216 of 274, 95% CI: 73 to 88), and negative predictive value 98% (1,092 of 1,110, 95% CI: 97 to 99). Two > or =50% lesions were missed because of motion artifacts and two because of severe coronary calcifications. The rest (78%, 14 of 18) were detected but incorrectly classified as <50% obstructions. All patients with and 86% (18 of 21) of patients without significant lesions on QCA were correctly classified by MSCT. All patients with significant left main disease or total occlusions were correctly identified on MSCT. CONCLUSIONS: Sixteen-row MSCT coronary angiography permits reliable detection of significant obstructive coronary artery disease in patients with stable angina in sinus rhythm.     

Drug Interaction Between Clopidogrel and Ranitidine or Omeprazole in Stable Coronary Artery Disease: A Double-Blind,Double Dummy,Randomized Study

Background

Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are often prescribed to patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). However, this class of medication, especially omeprazole, has been associated with a reduction in clopidogrel efficacy, leading many clinicians to substitute omeprazole with ranitidine.

Objectives

Our objective was to compare the antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel before and after the addition of omeprazole or ranitidine.

Methods

We measured platelet aggregability at baseline and after 1 week of clopidogrel 75 mg daily. Subjects were then randomized in a double-blinded, double-dummy fashion to omeprazole 20 mg twice daily (bid) or ranitidine 150 mg bid. We repeated aggregability tests after 1 additional week, using VerifyNow P2Y12? (Accumetrics; San Diego, CA, USA), depicting aggregability as percent inhibition of platelet aggregation (IPA).

Results

We enrolled 41 patients in the omeprazole group and 44 in the ranitidine group. IPA was significantly decreased after the addition of omeprazole to clopidogrel (from 26.3 ± 32.9 to 17.4 ± 33.1 %; p = 0.025), with no statistical significant changes observed in the ranitidine group (from 32.6 ± 28.9 to 30.1 ± 31.3 %; p = 0.310). The comparison of IPA in both groups at the end of the follow-up showed a trend toward significance (p = 0.07, 95 % confidence interval [CI] ?1.19 to 26.59); after excluding homozygous patients for 2C19*2 genotype, the comparison of IPA between the groups reached statistical significance (32.7 ± 30.8 vs. 17.7 ± 33.4 %, respectively, for ranitidine and omeprazole groups; p = 0.04).

Conclusions

Unlike omeprazole, ranitidine did not influence platelet aggregability response to clopidogrel.

Clinical Trial Registration

NCT01896557.

     

Splinted and unsplinted overdenture attachment systems: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Splinted and unsplinted overdenture attachment systems have unique advantages and disadvantages. The aim of the present systematic review was to determine the influence of splinted and unsplinted overdenture attachment systems on the marginal bone loss, prosthetic complications and implant survival rate. PubMed/MEDLINE , Scopus and Cochrane databases were searched for articles published up to October 2017, using the following search terms: “overdenture AND attachment OR overdenture AND bar OR overdenture splinted.” The PICO question “Do splinted overdenture attachment systems promote better clinical results in comparison to unsplinted systems?” was evaluated. Eligible studies included randomized controlled clinical trials, prospective studies with at least 10 participants and a minimum follow‐up of 6 months, and studies published in English that compared splinted and unsplinted attachment systems within the same study. The 95% confidence interval (CI ) was considered for all outcomes analysed. After completion of the different steps in the article selection process, nine articles were included in the qualitative and quantitative analyses. A total of 984 implants were placed in 380 patients (mean age: 62.8 years). The meta‐analysis demonstrated no statistically significant differences between splinted and unsplinted attachment systems with regard to marginal bone loss (P  = .39; MD : ?0.11; 95% CI : ?0.37 to 0.14), complications (P  = .31; RR : 1.26; CI : 0.80‐1.99) and implant survival rate (P  = .14; RR : 0.37% CI : 0.10‐1.36). In addition, splinted and unsplinted overdenture attachment systems achieved similar results with regard to marginal bone loss, prosthetic complications and implant survival rate.     

Comparison of B-type natriuretic peptide levels in patients with heart failure with versus without mitral regurgitation

Functional mitral regurgitation (MR) occurs most often in patients with heart failure (HF) and is associated with an adverse prognosis. Recently, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been validated as a marker of cardiac function and prognosis. We sought to assess the relation between functional MR and BNP levels in patients with HF, and hypothesized that MR is associated with higher BNP levels. In all, 201 patients admitted with the diagnosis of HF had a transthoracic echocardiogram and measurement of BNP levels within 48 hours. MR was graded as none/trace, mild, moderate, or severe using recently published guidelines of the American Society of Echocardiography. BNP was measured by a commercially available instrument (Biosite). The relation of MR to BNP was assessed using multivariable linear regression methods with a Tobin estimation to account for the truncation of BNP values at an upper limit of 1,300 pg/ml. Mean age of the patients was 67 +/- 11 years. The median BNP level was 826 pg/ml. The etiology of HF was predominantly diastolic in 64 patients (32%); 137 patients (68%) had significant left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction. Mean LV ejection fraction was 37 +/- 17%. MR was present in 112 patients (56%). After adjusting for clinical, hemodynamic, and echocardiographic variables, only LV ejection fraction (p = 0.016) and moderate or severe MR (p = 0.023) were significantly associated with BNP. When MR was grouped as any MR versus no MR, only LV ejection fraction (p = 0.017) and any degree of MR (p = 0.029) were significantly associated with BNP.     

Passive immune hemolysis for detection of heat-labile enterotoxin produced by Escherichia coli isolated from different sources.

Fifty-one strains of Escherichia coli isolated from humans, swine, food, and water and identified as enterotoxinogenic by the Y-1 adrenal cell assay, were examined for heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) production by the passive immune hemolysis test. Cholera antitoxin, anti-choleragenoid and anti-LT were used as antisera. Cholera antitoxin was much more potent than anti-choleragenoid and LT antiserum in the detection of LT-positive strains. All strains isolated from pigs and sausage were negative in tests made with LT antiserum. A few strains isolated from humans, food, and water also gave negative results. These data showed that the passive immune hemolysis test is not as efficient as the Y-1 adrenal cell assay in the detection of enterotoxinogenic E. coli strains.     

酶免疫法对沙眼衣原体诊断价值的Meta分析

目的系统评价酶免疫法诊断沙眼衣原体的准确性。方法计算机检索PubMed（1966～2011．12）、TheCochraneLibrary（2011．12）、EMbase（1974～2011．12）、CNKI（1994—2011．12）、VIP（1989—2011．12）和CBM（1978—2011．12）,并辅助手工检索和其他检索,收集EIA诊断沙眼衣原体的试验研究。由两名评价者依据QUADAS质量评价标准评价纳入研究的质量后,采用MetaAnalyst和RevMan5．0软件进行Meta分析。结果最终共纳入17个研究,9461例受试者。Meta分析结果显示：酶免疫法诊断沙眼衣原体的合并敏感度、特异度、阳性似然比、阴性似然比、诊断比值比和SROC曲线下面积分别为O．847[95％CI（O．571,O．995）]、0．964[95％CI（0．890,0．994）j、25．972195％CI（18．587,36．293）j、0．156[95％CI（0．114,0．212）j、228．875[95％CI（127．136,412．028）]和0．953。结论酶免疫法对诊断沙眼衣原体具有较高的敏感度和特异度,推荐酶免疫法用于沙眼衣原体的初筛及确诊高度疑似病例或症状体征不明显的患者。