慢性乙肝患者肝组织纤维化程度与HBV-DNA复制水平的相关性研究

目的:探讨HBV-DNA复制水平与肝纤维化之间的相关性。方法:对210例慢性乙型肝炎患者进行HBV-DNA和肝纤维化血清学标志透明质酸(HA)、层粘蛋白(LN)、III型前胶原(PCIII)、IV型胶原(IV-C)进行定量检测。应用SPSS10.0统计软件对结果数据进行分析处理。结果:随慢性乙肝临床类型的加重,肝纤维化血清学标志逐渐升高(P<0.01),而肝纤维化血清学标志与HBV复制水平呈正相关(P<0.05);结论:HBV复制水平与肝纤维化之间呈正相关。     

米非司酮对不同月经周期异位和在位子宫内膜雌激素受体α和孕激素受体表达的影响

目的 探讨米非司酮对雌激素受体α(ERα)和孕激素受体(PR)在不同月经周期的子宫腺肌症中表达的影响.方法 47例行全子宫切除术的子宫腺肌症患者分为米非司酮组(n=24)和未用药组(n=23);无腺肌症的正常子宫内膜作为对照组(n=15).运用免疫组化的方法测定异位和在位子宫内膜及正常子宫内膜在不同月经周期的腺上皮及间质细胞中ERα和PR水平.结果 未用药组ERα和PR在异位子宫内膜腺上皮及间质细胞中的表达均低于在位内膜及对照组正常内膜(P<0.05).对照组及未用药组ERα和PR在在位内膜腺上皮细胞中的表达,增生期高于分泌期(P<0.05),而在未用药组异位内膜,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).ERα和PR在异位和在位子宫内膜中的表达,米非司酮组低于未用药组(P<0.05).结论 ERα和PR在异位子宫内膜中的表达与在位子宫内膜不同;异位内膜丧失了正常内膜的周期性变化规律;米非司酮通过下调其性激素受体(ERα和PR)含量治疗子宫腺肌症.     

五子降糖方对T2DM大鼠血糖、C-P及DPP-4活性影响的实验研究

[目的]探讨五子降糖方对二肽基肽酶Ⅳ(DPP-4)活性的影响,研究其发挥降糖作用的可能机制。[方法]选取SPF级雄性GK大鼠,适应性喂养1周后给予高脂饲料,连续喂养4周,测定血糖,以随机血糖11.1 mmol/L或餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)16.7 mmol/L为成模标准,将成模2型糖尿病(T2DM)大鼠随机分为模型组、二甲双胍组(0.1 g/kg)、五子降糖方低、中、高剂量组(3.5、7.0、14 g/kg,折合生药量),同时另选Wstar大鼠为正常组,正常组与模型组灌胃等体积纯净水,灌胃前测定空腹血糖(FBG),灌胃后4周、8周测定FBG及2 h PG,8周后处死动物,检测血清C肽(CP)水平;采用发色底物法建立DPP-4抑制剂体外筛选模型,分别应用五子降糖方及其组方的各味单药菟丝子、女贞子、紫苏子、莱菔子、车前子水提物对DPP-4抑制剂体外筛选模型进行干预,以磷酸西格列汀片作为阳性对照药,测定A值,计算DPP-4抑制率,比较IC50差异。[结果]五子降糖方可降低T2DM大鼠FBG及2 h PG,增高血清C-P水平;对DPP-4抑制作用,五子降糖方IC50为(6 667.754±2 119.759)mg/L,其组成药物中莱菔子IC50为(382.554±7.750)mg/L,菟丝子IC50为(843.391±135.230)mg/L。[结论]五子降糖方可以降低T2DM FBG及2 h PG,改善胰岛β细胞功能,作用机制可能与DPP-4抑制作用有关,其中莱菔子、菟丝子可能是本方发挥DPP-4抑制作用的主要药物。     

Induction of proliferation of B prolymphocytic leukemia cells by phorbol ester and native or recombinant interferon-gamma

Phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) induces proliferation in nonmalignant human B cells and B cells from a patient with B prolymphocytic leukemia (B-PLL). Mitogen-free T cell-derived conditioned medium acts synergistically with PMA in inducing proliferation of B-PLL cells but does not enhance the PMA-stimulated outgrowth of nonmalignant B cells. Interleukin 2 (IL-2) has no effect on the outgrowth of B-PLL cells, and monoclonal antibodies against the IL-2 receptor do not influence the response to PMA and conditioned medium. Recombinant interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), in contrast, is a potent enhancer of PMA-induced proliferation of B-PLL cells. With gel filtration techniques and with the use of anti-IFN-gamma antibodies, it is shown that IFN-gamma in the conditioned medium is responsible for the observed increase in B-PLL cell proliferation. Preincubation of B- PLL cells with IFN-gamma induces responsiveness to PMA, whereas IFN- gamma alone had no effect on these cells when pretreated with PMA. The combined data show that, in the presence of PMA, native and recombinant IFN-gamma are growth factors for B cells from a B-PLL patient and that IL-2 is not involved in this process.     

Global vascular expression of murine CD34, a sialomucin-like endothelial ligand for L-selectin

Extravasation of leukocytes into organized lymphoid tissues and into sites of inflammation is critical to immune surveillance. Leukocyte migration to peripheral lymph nodes (PLN), mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and Peyer's patches (PP) depends on L-selectin, which recognizes carbohydrate-bearing, sialomucin-like endothelial cell surface glycoproteins. Two of these ligands have been identified at the molecular level. One is the potentially soluble mucin, GlyCAM 1, which is almost exclusively produced by high endothelial venules (HEV) of PLN and MLN. The second HEV ligand for L-selectin is the membrane-bound sialomucin CD34. Historically, this molecule has been successfully used to purify human pluripotent bone marrow stem cells, and limited data suggest that human CD34 is present on the vascular endothelium of several organs. Here we describe a comprehensive analysis of the vascular expression of CD34 in murine tissues using a highly specific antimurine CD34 polyclonal antibody. CD34 was detected on vessels in all organs examined and was expressed during pancreatic and skin inflammatory episodes. A subset of HEV-like vessels in the inflamed pancreas of nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice are positive for both CD34 and GlyCAM 1, and bind to an L-selectin/immunoglobulin G (IgG) chimeric probe. Finally, we found that CD34 is present on vessels of deafferentiated PLN, despite the fact that these vessels are no longer able to interact with L-selectin or support lymphocyte binding in vitro or trafficking in vivo. Our data suggest that the regulation of posttranslational carbohydrate modifications of CD34 is critical in determining its capability to act as an L-selectin ligand. Based on its ubiquitous expression, we propose that an appropriately glycosylated form of vascular CD34 may act as a ligand for L-selectin-mediated leukocyte trafficking to both lymphoid and nonlymphoid sites.     

Palmoplantar keratosis associated with keratitis: hereditary hypertyrosinemia treated by diet

The authors report the cases of two unrelated children 16 and 5 years of age respectively, affected with hypertyrosinaemia type II. This condition is characterized by palmo-plantar hyperkeratosis associated with a herpetiform keratitis. The diagnosis is based on the finding of hypertyrosinaemia and hypertyrosyluria, and may be confirmed by their biopsy findings of a cytoplasmic tyrosine amino-transferase deficiency. It is a hereditary autosomal recessive disease. A low phenylalanine and tyrosine diet produced a spectacular improvement but the ocular complications could have been avoided by an earlier diagnosis.     

A New Variant of Hereditary Hemolytic Anemia With Stomatocytosis and Erythrocyte Cation Abnormality

A new variant of congenital hemolyticanemia associated with stomatocytosis,reticulocytosis, decreased osmotic fragility, type I autohemolysis and shortened erythrocyte survival without specific splenic sequestration was discoveredin three siblings of Swiss-German ancestry. Increased intracellular sodium(two to three times normal) and slightlydecreased intracellular potassium weredetected. Total sodium efflux was eight-fold greater than normal but total potassium influx was normal and ouabain-sensitive potassium influx was decreased.The ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux:potassium influx ratio was 26:1 ratherthan the 3:2 ratio noted in normal cells.The consanguineous parents, four othersiblings, and 44 other family membershad mild stomatocytosis, reticulocytosis,and, when studied, decreased osmoticfragility, increased autohemolysis, intermediate abnormalities of cation content,cation flux, and moderate shortening oferythrocyte survival. Autosomal dominant inheritance was suggested. Noabnormalities of RBC enzymes, hemoglobin or lipids were observed. No abnormalities of membrane protein weredetected on acrylamide gel. Substratedepletion of these hypermetabolic cellsresulted in intracellular dehydrationwith potassium loss in excess of sodiumgain and decreased deformability. Although the exact nature of the defectresponsible for hemolysis is unknown,this syndrome differs from other hereditary hemolytic anemias associated withstomatocytosis.

Submitted on December 21, 1970 Revised on March 16, 1971 Accepted on March 29, 1971