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111.
Mycobacterial Infections After Renal Transplantation 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
HIGGINS RM; CAHN AP; PORTER D; RICHARDSON AJ; MITCHELL RG; HOPKIN JM; MORRIS PJ 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1991,78(2):145-153
Mycobacterial infections occurred in 11 of 633 (1.7 per cent)recipients of successful renal transplants. There were no casesof tuberculosis in patients receiving chemoprophylaxis, butamongst those who did not receive prophylaxis disease occurredin six of the 27 (22 per cent) high-risk patients. The majorcause of morbidity during treatment was renal allograft rejection,largely due to reduction in immunosuppressive drug therapy. 相似文献
112.
Alginate microencapsulation of human mesenchymal stem cells as a strategy to enhance paracrine‐mediated vascular recovery after hindlimb ischaemia 下载免费PDF全文
Natalia Landázuri Rebecca D. Levit Giji Joseph Juan Manuel Ortega‐Legaspi Cristina A. Flores Daiana Weiss Athanassios Sambanis Collin J. Weber Susan A. Safley W. Robert Taylor 《Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine》2016,10(3):222-232
Stem cell‐based therapies hold great promise as a clinically viable approach for vascular regeneration. Preclinical studies have been very encouraging and early clinical trials have suggested favourable outcomes. However, significant challenges remain in terms of optimizing cell retention and maintenance of the paracrine effects of implanted cells. To address these issues, we have proposed the use of a cellular encapsulation approach to enhance vascular regeneration. We contained human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in biocompatible alginate microcapsules for therapeutic treatment in the setting of murine hindlimb ischaemia. This approach supported the paracrine pro‐angiogenic activity of hMSCs, prevented incorporation of hMSCs into the host tissue and markedly enhanced their therapeutic effect. While injection of non‐encapsulated hMSCs resulted in a 22 ± 10% increase in vascular density and no increase in perfusion, treatment with encapsulated hMSCs resulted in a 70 ± 8% increase in vascular density and 21 ± 7% increase in perfusion. The described cellular encapsulation strategy may help to better define the mechanisms responsible for the beneficial effects of cell‐based therapies and provide a therapeutic strategy for inducing vascular growth in the adult. As hMSCs are relatively easy to isolate from patients, and alginate is biocompatible and already used in clinical applications, therapeutic cell encapsulation for vascular repair represents a highly translatable platform for cell‐based therapy in humans. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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H Boralessa DR Goldhill K Tucker AJ Mortimer J Grant-Casey 《Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England》2009,91(7):599-605
INTRODUCTION
Blood is a scarce and expensive product. Although it may be life-saving, in recent years there has been an increased emphasis on the potential hazards of transfusion as well as evidence supporting the use of lower transfusion thresholds. Orthopaedic surgery accounts for some 10% of transfused red blood cells and evidence suggests that there is considerable variation in transfusion practice.PATIENTS AND METHODS
NHS Blood and Transplant, in collaboration with the Royal College of Physicians, undertook a national audit on transfusion practice. Each hospital was asked to provide information relating to 40 consecutive patients undergoing elective, primary unilateral total hip replacement surgery. The results were compared to indicators and standards.RESULTS
Information was analysed relating to 7465 operations performed in 223 hospitals. Almost all hospitals had a system for referring abnormal pre-operative blood results to a doctor and 73% performed a group-and-save rather than a cross-match before surgery. Of hospitals, 47% had a transfusion policy. In 73%, the policy recommended a transfusion threshold at a haemoglobin concentration of 8 g/dl or less. There was a wide variation in transfusion rate among hospitals. Of patients, 15% had a haemoglobin concentration less than 12 g/dl recorded in the 28 days before surgery and 57% of these patients were transfused compared to 20% with higher pre-operative values. Of those who were transfused, 7% were given a single unit and 67% two units. Of patients transfused two or more units during days 1–14 after surgery, 65% had a post transfusion haemoglobin concentration of 10 g/dl or more.CONCLUSIONS
Pre-operative anaemia, lack of availability of transfusion protocols and use of different thresholds for transfusion may have contributed to the wide variation in transfusion rate. Effective measures to identify and correct pre-operative anaemia may decrease the need for transfusion. A consistent, evidence-based, transfusion threshold should be used and transfusion of more than one unit should only be given if essential to maintain haemoglobin concentrations above this threshold. 相似文献117.
WY Khoder AJ Becker B Schlenker S Tritschler PJ Bastian CG Stief 《European journal of medical research》2009,14(7):320-322
Introduction
Rectal polypectomy causes thinning (or even perforation) of the rectal wall in addition to thermic injury at the polypectomy site.Case report
We present a rare case of spontaneous rectal perforation after uncomplicated nerve sparing endoscopic extraperitoneal radical prostatectomy in a patient with a previous history of rectal polypectomy at the perforation site. The patient could be treated conservatively. There was complete healing of the fistula without any effect on functional results. This Conservative therapy for such rectal perforations is indicated if the patient''s general condition remains stable without any signs of infection.Conclusions
Polypectomy is an important risk factor for rectal perforation during nsEERPE. Adequate time interval should be given to allow healing and avoid adding further thermal wall damage which may obscure healing leading to complications like fistula. Conservative therapy for small missed rectal perforations constitutes an attractive, feasible and non invasive treatment entity. Following this principle we have not faced this complication in following similar cases. 相似文献118.
119.
W Allan Walker Eric C Martens Philip M Sherman Johanna W Lampe Meredith AJ Hullar Christine D Wu 《Nutrition reviews》2009,67(1):40-48
The extended abstracts in this report are based on presentations from the 11th Special Conference on Functional Foods for Health Promotion, cosponsored by the Technical Committee on Food Components for Health Promotion of the North American Branch of the International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI NA) and the American Society for Nutrition (ASN) at the Experimental Biology (EB) meeting in April 2008. Evidence that foods and their components offer health benefits beyond basic nutrition continues to captivate the interest of scientific communities, federal agencies, and the general public. The theme of the 2008 special conference was "Microbes and Health". It began with a general introduction and overview of how diet or dietary components can influence microbial growth and, ultimately, disease risk and overall health. Subsequent presentations provided fundamental information about how the food supply can set the landscape for gene expression in microbes and, ultimately, their influence on health (with some comments on how microbes might contribute to the obesity epidemic), child health and infections, role of microbes in cancer prevention, and effects of foods and their bioactive constituents as modifiers of microbes in the oral cavity. 相似文献
120.
Christine AE Schutgens Merel Schuring Toon AJ Voorham Alex Burdorf 《BMC public health》2009,9(1):197-11