单侧液压脑损伤对大鼠双侧海马GFAP表达和CA1区突触传递的影响

目的研究单侧液压脑损伤(FPI)对大鼠双侧海马区胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)表达和CA1区突触传递的影响。方法建立大鼠单侧液压脑损伤模型,脑标本分为对照组(包括正常对照和假手术对照)、FPI损伤同侧组和FPI损伤对侧组。免疫组化法检测海马水平切片GFAP表达,对海马CA1区锥体神经元进行细胞内记录。结果FPI大鼠双侧海马齿状回门区和CA1区GFAP表达均比对照组明显增强。FPI损伤同侧组兴奋性输入-输出关系曲线的斜率比其他两组显著增大(P<0.05);FPI损伤同侧组和对侧组双脉冲易化(PPF)比值和抑制性突触后电位(IPSP)幅值均比对照组显著减小(P<0.05);FPI损伤同侧组和对侧组双脉冲抑制(PPD)比值均比对照组显著增大(P<0.05)。结论大鼠单侧液压脑损伤对双侧海马均可产生影响,导致双侧海马CA1区兴奋性突触传递增强,抑制性突触传递减弱。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术中意外胆囊癌12例诊治分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)中意外胆囊癌(unexpected gallb ladder carc inom a,UGC)的处理措施。方法:回顾分析本院955例LC术中遇到的12例(1.26%)UGC的临床资料。结果:随诊3~36个月,平均18个月。迄今全部存活。5例PT1、5例PT2、1例PT3(中转开腹)随访至今未发现癌复发及转移。1例PT2因拒绝根治术,现出现肝多发转移。1例PT4因腹腔种植转移,无法根治,故仅部分切除胆囊(胆囊粘连重),以解决急性胆囊炎问题,现有腹水、恶液质表现。所有病例均未见脐部戳孔处肿瘤种植转移。结论:LC术中应常规切开胆囊标本,必要时送术中冰冻。PT1单纯切除胆囊已足够;PT2要额外楔形切除肝组织及区域淋巴结;PT3中转开腹,行根治手术或姑息手术。     

急性出血坏死性胰腺炎肝损伤中TLR2/4mRNA的表达及氯喹的干预效应

目的： 研究急性出血坏死性胰腺炎（AHNP）肝损伤中Toll-样受体(TLR)2/4mRNA表达的变化及氯喹的干预效应。 方法：采用逆行胰胆管牛磺胆酸钠（TAC）注射造成大鼠AHNP肝损伤动物模型。动物分为假手术组（S组）、胰腺炎组和氯喹（CQ）治疗组。后2组于术后3，6，12 h分批剖杀，S组于术后6 h剖杀。观察血清淀粉酶、ALT和AST及肝组织NO和TNF-α的变化，RT-PCR方法检测各组不同时点肝组织TLR2和TLR4mRNA的表达。 结果：相对于S组，胰腺炎组大鼠3 h肝组织TLR2和TLR4mRNA表达开始增高，术后6～12 h肝组织TLR2和TLR4mRNA表达迅速达到峰值（P<0.05），肝损伤加重，血清淀粉酶升高，肝组织TNF-α浓度升高，NO浓度逐渐降低（P<0.05）；相对胰腺炎组，CQ治疗组TLR2/4mRNA表达降低（P<0.05），肝损伤程度减轻，血清淀粉酶降低，肝组织TNF-α浓度降低，NO浓度显著升高（P<0.05）。 结论：AHNP大鼠肝组织内TLR2和TLR4的基因表达上调；其表达增高可能在AHNP肝损伤的发生、发展中起重要作用。氯喹对大鼠AHNP过程中肝损伤可能有保护作用。     

伴随结节性硬化的浸润性视网膜星形细胞瘤4例

众所周知，视网膜星形细胞瘤常伴有结节性硬化的表现。视网膜星形细胞瘤一般是发生在视网膜神经纤维层的无蒂轻度隆起性病变。临床上可以是单侧发生，也可以是双侧发生。可以单个病灶，也可以多个病灶。可以是透明的，也可以是不透明的。可以有钙化，也可以没有钙化。视网膜星形细胞瘤相对固定的伴有眼内结节性硬化，很少表现为浸润性增长。在很少的情况下视网膜星形细胞瘤可以表现出浸润性增长，造成局部严重并发症。     

Renal Allograft Biopsies with Borderline Changes: Predictive Factors of Clinical Outcome

The clinical outcome and appropriate management for patients showing 'borderline changes' on allograft biopsy after renal transplantation is still controversial. In an attempt to identify predictive factors of clinical outcome of patients with such lesions, we reviewed the clinical course of 91 patients with borderline changes. Multivariate analysis revealed significant and independent effects of histological stage (i + t < or = or > 2) and time to borderline changes (< or = or > 3 months after transplant) on serum creatinine levels at 1 year from borderline changes episodes (respectively, p = 0.04 and p = 0.02) and only a significant effect of time to borderline changes on serum creatinine levels at 2 years (p = 0.005). Renal function at 1 year and 2 years as 5- and 8-year graft survival were not significantly different in the group of patients treated with antirejection therapy (T group, n = 49) compared with the untreated group (UT group, n = 42). This study strongly suggests that borderline changes with histological score (i + t) > 2 and late episodes of borderline changes should be considered to be of poor prognosis.     

超短波对大鼠坐骨神经损伤后脊髓内GAP-43和CGRP表达的影响

目的探讨超短波对坐骨神经损伤后大鼠脊髓中GAP-43和CGRP表达的影响。方法60只成年雌性SD大鼠制成右侧坐骨神经钳夹损伤模型，随机分为超短波治疗组和非治疗对照组。免疫荧光方法观察术后1周、2周、4周、8周和12周不同时间点两组大鼠脊髓中GAP-43和CGRP表达的动态变化规律。结果大鼠坐骨神经损伤后脊髓内GAP-43和CGRPmRNA表达增强。术后1、2、4和8周超短波治疗组的变化与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），且GAP-43的表达在时间上早于对照组。结论超短波在早期能够明显增加GAP-43和CGRP的表达量，提示早期应用超短波治疗能够促进周围神经的     

Introducing dental students to clinical patient care: The complete denture prosthodontics transition clinic

Using complete denture treatment as an introduction to clinical patient care for dental students, the purposes of the Complete Denture Prosthodontics Transition Clinic at the University of Colorado School of Dentistry are to reduce the time lapse between the preclinical complete denture prosthodontics course and the first denture patient experience, and to encourage development of student self-confidence and skills. In the 2002 spring semester, faculty at the University of Colorado School of Dentistry initiated the Complete Denture Prosthodontics Transition Clinic for DS-II (second-year) dental students, as an introduction to clinical patient care. Each patient was assigned to a team of two dental students. Three Division of Prosthodontics faculty members staffed each clinic session, providing a student-to-faculty ratio of approximately 6.6:1 and a patient-to-faculty ratio of approximately 3.3:1. All DS-II students in the Class of 2004 delivered their first complete dentures no later than 8 months (average, 184 days) after the last day of the preclinical complete denture prosthodontics course. The time from the diagnostic appointment through the denture placement appointment averaged 39 days for patients treated in this program, compared with an average of 98 days or more for previous classes. The program was successful in achieving the goal of reducing the time lapse between the preclinical complete denture prosthodontics course and the first denture patient experience.     

代孕技术中的伦理道德及法律问题

新近发展的代孕技术给众多不孕夫妇带来为人父母的喜悦之时,也对人们传统的生殖伦理观念形成冲击并挑战现存法律制度.人们不仅要肯定代孕技术的合理性,也要警惕其所产生的潜在的破坏性影响.合理利用该技术和制定相应的法规是避免出现伦理和社会混乱的有效途径.     

高同型半胱氨酸血症与进展型卒中的关系

目的 研究高同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)血症与进展型卒中(SIP)的关系.方法 本研究采用放免荧光法检测法测定47例进展性卒中患者,45例非进展性卒中患者的血浆Hcy水平.结果 血浆Hcy水平在SIP组为(25.49±15.73)μmol/L,在非进展性卒中组为(19.78±9.36)μmol/L.SIP组显著高于非进展性卒中组和对照组.结论 SIP患者的Hcy水平显著高于非进展性卒中患者,其鉴别诊断意义可做进一步研究.