全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1279篇 |
免费 | 159篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 17篇 |
儿科学 | 38篇 |
妇产科学 | 10篇 |
基础医学 | 203篇 |
口腔科学 | 24篇 |
临床医学 | 194篇 |
内科学 | 173篇 |
皮肤病学 | 20篇 |
神经病学 | 111篇 |
特种医学 | 53篇 |
外科学 | 169篇 |
综合类 | 65篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 126篇 |
眼科学 | 22篇 |
药学 | 130篇 |
肿瘤学 | 84篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 14篇 |
2021年 | 37篇 |
2020年 | 15篇 |
2019年 | 25篇 |
2018年 | 32篇 |
2017年 | 25篇 |
2016年 | 15篇 |
2015年 | 24篇 |
2014年 | 34篇 |
2013年 | 52篇 |
2012年 | 66篇 |
2011年 | 52篇 |
2010年 | 46篇 |
2009年 | 41篇 |
2008年 | 61篇 |
2007年 | 64篇 |
2006年 | 51篇 |
2005年 | 61篇 |
2004年 | 60篇 |
2003年 | 52篇 |
2002年 | 52篇 |
2001年 | 47篇 |
2000年 | 48篇 |
1999年 | 33篇 |
1998年 | 11篇 |
1997年 | 13篇 |
1996年 | 15篇 |
1995年 | 14篇 |
1994年 | 9篇 |
1993年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 34篇 |
1991年 | 33篇 |
1990年 | 31篇 |
1989年 | 28篇 |
1988年 | 26篇 |
1987年 | 21篇 |
1986年 | 25篇 |
1985年 | 25篇 |
1984年 | 17篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 10篇 |
1979年 | 21篇 |
1978年 | 11篇 |
1977年 | 13篇 |
1976年 | 10篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 5篇 |
1972年 | 8篇 |
排序方式: 共有1440条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
41.
42.
J. A. Burack D. W. Evans J. Lai N. Russo O. Landry H. Kovshoff K. J. Goldman G. Iarocci 《Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR》2020,64(1):1-6
Edward Zigler transformed the science and humanity of the work with persons with intellectual disability. The developmental approach is Ed's great contribution to the field of intellectual disability as it both led to more conceptually compelling and methodologically rigorous science and provided an alternative to the Zeitgeist of segregation, defect, and pathology that had prevailed for decades. In an entirely unique way, the developmental approach allowed a seamless integration of increasingly precise science with concern for the “whole child” and their family. Thus, Ed's legacy led to a discipline in which scholarship and compassion prevail hand in hand as the integrity of science and of the person are mutually informative and interdependent. 相似文献
43.
Persistent postoperative pain is a very common phenomenon which severely affects the lives of patients who develop it following common surgical procedures. Opioid analgesics are of limited efficacy in the treatment of persistent pain states because of side effects including antinociceptive tolerance. We have previously shown that surgical incision injury and morphine tolerance share similar mechanisms, including a CNS role of spinal cord glia. We therefore hypothesized that prior chronic morphine exposure would inhibit the resolution of postoperative allodynia through increased glial ionized calcium-binding adaptor protein 1 (Iba1) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) protein expression and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation. To test this hypothesis, rats were implanted with s.c. osmotic minipumps on day zero, releasing saline or morphine for 7 days preceding or 7 days preceding and following paw incision surgery, which was completed on day seven. Thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia were assessed postoperatively every 3 days. Chronic morphine attenuated the resolution of postoperative thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia through day 20. However, no changes in Iba1 or GFAP expression were observed in the spinal cord dorsal horn between groups. Assessment of MAPK protein phosphorylation revealed that chronic morphine administration enhanced both p38 and extracellular receptor kinase (pERK) phosphorylation compared to saline on day 20. p-p38 and pERK immunofluorescence were only observed to colocalize with a marker of microglial cells and not with markers of astrocytes or neurons. Together, these data demonstrate that chronic morphine administration attenuates the resolution of postoperative allodynia in association with microglial p38 and extracellular receptor kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, independent of changes in Iba1 and GFAP expression. 相似文献
44.
45.
Dr. Toncred M. Styblo MD Melinda M. Lewis MD Grant W. Carlson MD Douglas R. Murray MD William C. Wood MD David Lawson MD Jerome Landry MD Lorie Hughes MD Foad Nahai MD John Bostwick III MD 《Annals of surgical oncology》1996,3(4):375-380
Background: The management of stage III breast cancer is challenging; it often includes multimodal treatment with systemic therapy and/or radiation therapy and surgery. Immediate breast reconstruction has not traditionally been performed in these patients. We review the results of immediate transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) flap in 21 patients treated for stage III breast cancer.
Methods: Data have been collected retrospectively on 21 patients diagnosed with stage III breast cancer between 1987 and 1994. All patients had mastectomy and immediate TRAM reconstruction. Thirteen patients received primary systemic therapy, 10 patients received postoperative consolidation radiotherapy to the operative site, and 3 patients received preoperative radiation.
Results: Mean follow-up for the group was 26 months. Two patients died with disseminated disease: neither of them developed local disease recurrence in the operative site; 82% of the patients followed for at least two years are free of disease. Sixty-two percent of the patients received preoperative chemotherapy, the remaining patients received postoperative multiagent chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. Two of the patients received autologous bone marrow transplants after their adjuvant therapy. Ten patients had postoperative radiotherapy for consolidation; three patients received preoperative radiation.
Conclusions: Immediate TRAM reconstruction for stage III breast cancer is not associated with a delay in adjuvant therapy or an increased risk of local relapse. It facilitates wide resection of involved skin without skin grafting. Radiation therapy can be delivered to the reconstructed breast when indicated without difficulty. Breast reconstruction facilitates surgical resection of stage III breast cancer with primary closure and should be considered if the patient desires immediate breast reconstruction.Results of this study were presented at the 48th Annual Cancer Symposium of The Society of Surgical Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts, March 23–26, 1995. 相似文献
46.
Abou-Zamzam AM Moneta GL Landry GJ Yeager RA Edwards JM McConnell DB Taylor LM Porter JM 《Vascular and endovascular surgery》2002,36(4):263-270
With the perceived high risk of repeat carotid surgery, carotid angioplasty and stenting have been advocated recently as the preferred treatment of recurrent carotid disease following carotid endarterectomy. An experience with the operative treatment of recurrent carotid disease to document the risks and benefits of this procedure is presented. A review of a prospectively acquired vascular registry over a 10-year period (Jan. 1990-Jan. 2000) was undertaken to identify patients undergoing repeat carotid surgery following previous carotid endarterectomy. All patients were treated with repeat carotid endarterectomy, carotid interposition graft, or subclavian-carotid bypass. The perioperative stroke and death rate, operative complications, life-table freedom from stroke, and rates of recurrent stenosis were documented. During the study period 56 patients underwent repeat carotid surgery, comprising 6% of all carotid operations during this period. The indication for operation was symptomatic disease recurrence in 41 cases (73%) and asymptomatic recurrent stenosis >/=80% in 15 cases (27%). The average interval from the prior carotid endarterectomy to the repeat operation was 78 months (range 3 weeks-297 months). The operations performed included repeat carotid endarterectomy with patch angioplasty in 31 cases (55%), interposition grafts in 19 cases (34%), and subclavian-carotid bypass in 6 cases (11%). There were three perioperative strokes with one resulting in death for a perioperative stroke and death rate of 5.4%. One minor transient cranial nerve (CN IX) injury occurred. Mean follow-up was 29 months (range, 1-116 months). Life-table freedom from stroke was 95% at 1 year and 90% at 5 years. Recurrent stenosis (>/=80%) developed in three patients (5.4%) during follow-up, including one internal carotid artery occlusion. Two patients (3.6%) underwent repeat surgery. Repeat surgery for recurrent cerebrovascular disease following carotid endarterectomy is safe and provides durable freedom from stroke. Most patients are candidates for repeat endarterectomy with patching, but interposition grafting is often required. These results strongly support the continued role of repeat carotid surgery in the treatment of recurrent carotid disease. 相似文献
47.
48.
Summary Guinea pig embryo (GPE) cells showed different degrees of susceptibility to human adenovirus types as determined by virus infectivity assay and electron microscopic examination. Adenovirus 2 and 5 induced extensive cellular changes and produced high titers of infectious virus in GPE cells as in human cells. Mature progeny virus and protein crystals were observed in both cell types. Adenovirus 7 induced some cellular changes in GPE cells but only a small number of cells yielded progeny virus as determined by electron microscopy. Adenovirus 3, 8 and 31 induced some cellular changes but no progeny virus was found under electron microscopic examination. Characteristic fibers were observed in nuclei of adenovirus 31 infected cells. The ability of human adenovirus 2 and 5 to replicate in GPE cells is an example of an unusual cross-species biological property of certain adenovirus types. This property may be useful as a biological marker for these virus types.With 8 Figures 相似文献
49.