Long-term application of diethylstilbestrol upregulates expressions of μ- and m-calpains in pituitary intermediate lobe of female Wistar rats

BACKGROUND: During formation of prolactin neoplasia, how cells and its structure in adenohypophysis affect prolactin cells should be further studied. Intermediate lobe can be regarded as a driving region to release prolactin (PRL) and may promote formation of prolactin neoplasia in pituitary anterior lobe. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of diethylstilbestrol (DES) on the expressions of μ and m-calpains in pituitary intermediate lobe of female Wistar rats. DESIGN: Observational contrast animal study. SETTING: Beijing Neurosurgical Institute. MATERIALS: A total of 21 female Wistar rats, 3 weeks old weighing 70–80 g were housed with free access to tap water and standard pellet food. They were kept in a CL-grade condition, at (24±1)℃ and a humidity of (55±5)%, and with a 12 hours day-night cycle. Caprine anti-μ- and m-calpains antibodies were provided by Santa Cruz Biotechnology, CA, USA; rabbit-anti-PRL antibodies by Dako, Denmark; rabbit-anti-ACTH antibody by Boster Company, Wuhan. METHODS: The experiment was carried out in Pathophysiological Department and Animal Laboratory, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute from August 2006 to January 2007. ① Rats were randomly divided into groups with 7 in each group, including vehicle control group, in which rats were injected intraperitoneally with sun-flower seed oil (1 mL/kg, twice a week) for 16 weeks; DES group, where animals were administered with DES (5 mg/kg, twice a week) for 16 weeks; DES + vehicle control group, in which DES was administered for 12 weeks at the same dose with those in DES group, and then was discontinued and replaced by sun-flower seed oil (1 mL/kg, twice a week) for the following 4 weeks. ② At 16 weeks later, pituitary tissue was dealt with HE staining and PRL immunohistochemical examination to observe evoke of tumor; meanwhile, immunohistochemical examination was used to observe expression of PRL of pituitary anterior lobe, expressions of μ- and m-calpains of pituitary intermediate lobe and distribution of adrenocorticotropin. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Expression of PRL of pituitary anterior lobe, expressions of μ- and m-calpains of pituitary intermediate lobe and distribution of adrenocorticotropin. ② Morphological observation of pituitary tissue. RESULTS: All 21 rats were involved in the final analysis. ① Results of immunohistochemical examination: Morphological changes of neoplasia in DES group were strongly positive to PRL, and this suggested that formation of prolactin adenoma was observed in pituitary tissue. As compared with vehicle control group, expression of adrenoeorticotropic hormone (ACTH) was increased in both DES group and DES + vehicle control group. In addition, expressions of μ- and m-calpains in pituitary intermediate lobe were higher in DES group than that in vehicle control group. Otherwise, expressions of m-calpains in pituitary intermediate lobe was decreased in DES + vehicle control group, but expression of μ-calpains was still increased. ② Morphological observation of pituitary tissue: Gland tubes were orderly arranged in rats in vehicle control group. Anterior pituitary gland in rats of DES group demonstrated an apparent disappearance of gland tubes and a relatively large-scaled vasculature formation, namely the vascular lake lined by tightly arranged endothelial cells. Local integrated tumor cell arrangements were also detected. In addition, the border between the IL and the anterior lobe was locally blurred. The definite tumor-like changes in pituitary tissues were confirmed in 6 of 7 female Wistar rats in DES group, and one spontaneous occurrence of tumor formation was found in vehicle control group. In DES + vehicle control group, DES withdrawal led to the subtile emergence of gland tube cavity, although tumor-like cells still existed in 4 of 7 rats, suggesting occurrence of the tumor regression due to the withdrawal of DES. CONCLUSION: A long-term application of DES can enhance the expressions of ubiquitours neutral cysteine protease in pituitary intermediate lobe and this suggests that both of them play a key role in release of hormone and formation of prolactin neoplasia through directly promoting PRL expression and release of neighboring pituitary intermediate lobe.     

关于引进双源CT的可行性分析

本文就双源CT的市场需求、特点和用途进行了详细分析,为医院引进双源CT提供参考。     

掌背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣修复多指皮肤缺损

目的报道应用掌背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣修复多手指软组织缺损的方法。方法应用掌背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损16例38指。结果术后16例38块皮瓣全部存活。随访时间为4个月～1年，皮瓣外形优良，不臃肿，皮瓣两点分辨觉为5～9mm。供区植皮成活，掌背有环形瘢痕，少许色素沉着。结论掌背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣操作方便，易切取，损伤小，不牺牲主干动脉，手术可同时切取多块皮瓣修复多指软组织缺损，是修复多手指皮肤软组织缺损的良好方法。     

冲动症及其司法精神鉴定(附1例报告)

作者通过对1例冲动症案例的分析,结合文献报道,初步阐述了冲动症的概念范围、临床特征与诊断标准。并讨论了其与强迫症、性心理障碍、正常性犯罪之间的区别和责任能力的评定。     

顺丁烯二酸水溶液的热反应动力学

研究了不同温度、浓度条件下，顺丁烯二酸（顺酸）非催化反应网络，即顺酸可生成反丁烯二酸（反酸）和苹果酸，反酸与苹果酸存在可逆反应。建立了该反应网络的动力学模型。测定了不同反应条件下顺酸、反酸和苹果酸浓度随时间变化的规律，据此，动力学参数进行了估值。     

Antibodies against dengue virus E protein peptide bind to human plasminogen and inhibit plasmin activity

Both mice and rabbits immunized with dengue virus E protein peptide spanning amino acids 100–119 (D4E) produced antibodies that reacted not only with the D4E peptide itself but also with human plasminogen, as shown by ELISA and Western blot. Sera from dengue virus-hyperimmunized mice and dengue patients also contained antibodies against D4E and plasminogen. Furthermore, such sera all contained plasmin inhibitory activity. Using affinity-purified anti-D4E antibodies and free D4E peptide for competitive inhibition, we demonstrated that the inhibition of plasmin activity was due to anti-D4E antibodies rather than other substances in the sera. Taken together, these results suggest dengue virus E protein amino acids 100–119 are a cross-reactive immunogenic region, and antibodies against this region may interfere with human fibrinolysis.     

人精浆对不同丝裂原诱导淋转反应的影响

本文通过人精浆对PHA、ConA和PWM三种丝裂原诱导淋巴细胞转化反应的影响,间接了解HSP对T辅助、T抑制和B淋巴细胞功能的影响,结果发现不同浓度的精浆对三种丝裂原诱导的淋转反应均有明显抑制作用(P<0.05),且三种浓度HSP的抑制作用在无显著性差异(P>0.05);中浓度的精浆对PHA、ConA和PWM诱导转反应的抑制率分别为69.7、51.7和48.3％,说明精浆对机体的T辅助、T抑制性和B淋巴细胞功能均有明显的抑制作用。此外,还对精浆的免疫抑制作用机理和意义进行了讨论。     

种植牙手术的导向模板定向法临床研究

本文介绍了用于人工牙根种植手术的一种导向模板定向法。该导向模板由圆柱形金属定向杆、导向钛管、负压成型的塑料牙列套及自凝塑料增强基托组成。临床应用35例.效果满意。