Plaque accumulation on different dental filling materials

abstract — The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether some dental filling materials collect more plaque than others under standardized conditions in vitro and in vivo . Round disks of the filling materials of silicate, composite and amalgam were prepared and placed on an agar/sucrose medium or hung in liquid medium containing 5% sucrose. The mediae were inoculated with Streptococcus mutans OMZ 176 and OMZ 52–3. After 6 d the disks were rinsed in distilled water and the plaque that had accumulated on the surfaces was scraped off and measured by the orcinol method. The materials were also fitted to acrylic plates and introduced into the mouth. Six patients wore two plates each for comparison of the materials and were told to rinse their mouth every hour with 15% sucrose solution. After 8 h the plaque was scraped off and measured. Silicate disks on agar medium invariably produced inhibition zones of about 4 mm. Composites and amalgam showed no such zones. In liquid medium an insignificant amount of plaque was absorbed to the silicate disks, whereas abundant amounts were found on composite materials and some on amalgam disks. The same trend could be demonstrated in the clinical experiments.     

Zur Frage der Heparin-Beteiligung bei der anaphylaktischen Histaminase-Freisetzung des Meerschweinchens

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Dipeptides of O-methyl-L-threonine as potential antimalarials.

L-Leucyl-O-methyl-L-threonine, O-methyl-L-threonyl-L-leucine, and O-methyl-L-threonyl-O-methyl-L-threonine were prepared and compared with O-methyl-L-threonine and L-leucine for antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei in mice. O-Methyl-L-threonine significantly prolonged survival time at doses of 160, 320, and 640 mg/kg. O-Methyl-L-threonyl-O-methyl-L-threonine was less active, significantly prolonging survival time only at 640 mg/kg. L-Leucine, as well as the other two dipeptides, exhibited no activity in this test.     

Emotional distress among adult survivors of childhood cancer

Purpose

The purposes of this study were to estimate the prevalence of emotional distress in a large cohort of adult survivors of childhood cancer and to evaluate the interrelationship of risk factors including cancer-related late effects.

Methods

Adult survivors of childhood cancer (N?=?1,863), median age of 32 years at follow-up, completed comprehensive medical evaluations. Clinically relevant emotional distress was assessed using the Brief Symptom Inventory 18 and was defined as T-scores ≥63. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using multivariable logistic regression models to identify risk factors for distress. Path analysis was used to examine associations among identified risk factors.

Results

Elevated global distress was reported by 15.1 % of survivors. Cancer-related pain was associated with elevated distress (OR 8.72; 95 % CI, 5.32–14.31). Survivors who reported moderate learning or memory problems were more likely to have elevated distress than survivors who reported no learning or memory problems (OR 3.27; 95 % CI, 2.17–4.93). Path analysis implied that cancer-related pain has a direct effect on distress symptoms and an indirect effect through socioeconomic status and learning or memory problems. Similar results were observed for learning or memory problems.

Conclusions

Childhood cancer-related morbidities including pain and learning or memory problems appear to be directly and indirectly associated with elevated distress symptoms decades after treatment. Understanding these associations may help inform intervention targets for survivors of childhood cancer experiencing symptoms of distress.

Implications for Cancer Survivors

A subset of long-term childhood cancer survivors experience significant emotional distress. Physical and cognitive late effects may contribute to these symptoms.