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G R Krueger J R Medina H O Klein A Konrads J Zach M Rister G Janik K G Evers T Hirano H Kitamura V A Bedoya 《Cancer》1983,52(5):833-840
Two hundred thirty cases of malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas were reclassified in a retrospective study according to the New Working Formulation for Clinical Usage of the NCI as compared to the Rappaport and Kiel classifications. The reproducibility for the individual schemes this study was 81% (Rappaport), 79% (Kiel), and 85% (New Working Formulation). In keeping with the results of the NCI international study, all lymphomas were subdivided into 3 prognostic groups: (1) low-grade malignancy (6.0 years median survival); (2) intermediate-grade malignancy (3.5 years median survival); and (3) high-grade malignancy (1.4 years median survival). The NCI-proposed New Working Formulation for Clinical Usage is thus recommended as practical and unprejudicing classification scheme for general application; however, its usefulness as tool for translating one classification scheme into another appears limited. 相似文献
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Dr. A. Konrads W. Hummerich M. Vlaho G. Wambach W. Böttcher K. A. Meurer 《Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany)》1980,58(5):233-236
Summary Active renin was detected in 6 of 7 anephric patients (mean value: 0.72 ± 0.27 µU/ml,n=7; normals: 19.7 ± 2.4 µU/ml,n=10), using an assay method without intrinsic acid- or cryoactivation. Prorenin, measured as the difference between plasma renin concentration (PRC) before and after acid-activation in vitro, was present in considerable amounts in all patients (32.4 ± 3.5 µU/ml; normals: 80.7 ± 9.7 µU/ml). PRC after cryoactivation at –5°C during 1 week was insignificantly lower than after acid-activation in the patients. There was a linear correlation between PRC after either activation procedure (p < 0.01). Supine or upright posture did not influence active or inactive renin in the anephric subjects. Our studies show that low but significant levels of active renin and a considerable amount of prorenin are detectable in anephric patients. The data suggest that prorenin in normal subjects in a significant proportion is of extrarenal origin. Orthostasis has no effect on extrarenal active or inactive renin. 相似文献
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Christian Konrads Stephan Reppenhagen Daniel Belder Sascha Goebel Maximilian Rudert Thomas Barthel 《International orthopaedics》2016,40(11):2325-2330
Purpose
To analyse subjective and objective long-term outcomes of patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-deficient knees and limited demands regarding sportive activities. This subgroup of patients might be well-treated without ligament reconstruction.Methods
We included 303 patients with unilateral tears of the ACL and conservative treatment into a prospective study. Mean age at injury was 33.8 (min. 18, max. 66) years. Follow-up was 27.1 (min. 21.3, max. 31.5) years. Follow-up examinations were conducted 12 and 27 years after injury. At the last follow-up we analysed 50 patients completely. To evaluate clinical and radiological outcomes we used the Lysholm score, Tegner activity scale, visual analogue scale for pain (VAS-pain), KOOS and Sherman score.Results
Subjective outcome (Lysholm score and VAS-pain scale) improved between the 12th and 27th year after anterior cruciate ligament tear. At the same time activity level (Tegner activity scale) decreased. Also, arthritis (Sherman score) worsened over time. Twenty-seven years after injury, 90 % of the patients rated their ACL-deficient knee as normal or almost normal; 10 % of the patients rated it as abnormal. The findings of this study show that there is a subgroup of patients with ACL tears who are well treated with physiotherapy alone, not reconstructing the ligament. Also, other authors found this correlation between activity level reduction and better subjective outcome.Conclusions
Conservative treatment of an ACL tear is a good treatment option for patients with limited demands regarding activity. Patient age, sportive activities and foremost subjective instability symptoms in daily life should be considered when deciding for or against ACL reconstruction.26.
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