The present study was undertaken to elucidate the effect on platelet aggregation of the prothrombin-converting reaction on platelets with or without activated protein C (APC). A reaction mixture of washed platelets from human individuals, Factor Xa and prothrombin markedly induced platelet aggregation; maximum aggregation rates, 31.3–92.5%, and times to reach to maximum aggregation, 11.6 to 20.1 min. This aggregation was inhibited by the addition of APC with 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) value of 14.4 U/ml. APC also inhibited thrombin generation in the reaction mixture in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 value of 0.96 U/ml. However, APC did not inhibit the thrombin (0.1 CU/ml)-induced platelet aggregation at concentrations of up to 30 U/ml. These findings suggest that APC has no direct inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation and that APC inhibits platelet aggregation through inhibition of thrombin generation. 相似文献
Technetium-99m-MAG3 clearance is proportional to OIH clearance and can be used directly as a measure of renal function. Multiple plasma sample, two-compartment clearance data from three studies were recently pooled to develop a single-sample regression equation for determining the clearance of 99mTc-MAG3. To test this published equation, a prospective study was conducted in 34 patients with a wide range of renal function. Multiple plasma samples were obtained from 9 to 60 min following the bolus injection of 99mTc-MAG3 and the clearances were calculated based on a single injection, two-compartment model. Clearances were also calculated using a single 43-min plasma sample and the published regression equation. There was an excellent correlation (r = 0.976) between the two clearances; the slope of the regression line was 1.01 with an intercept of -26.6; the standard error of the estimate was 24 ml/min. In conclusion, the current regression equation provides a good estimate of 99mTc-MAG3 clearance. 相似文献
A 79-year-old woman with a 4-year history of Parkinson's disease was admitted due to unique dyspneic attacks with cyanosis while eating. Dyspneic attacks with cyanosis occurred mainly during actions such as taking meals or rehabilitation. Due to increased tonus of the orbicularis oris muscle, she was unable to open her mouth and breathe out, and finally experienced hypoxemia as revealed by pulse oxymetry. Dystonic hypertonus was relieved by touching the mandible with the fingers, and she was able to open her mouth again. These symptom was compatible with the sensory trick. Based on these findings, we considered that dyspneic attacks were produced by focal oromandibular dystonia. Polysomnography also showed central sleep apnea. We report herein a rare case of Parkinson's disease presenting with respiratory insufficiency caused by focal dystonia and central sleep apnea. 相似文献
We present here a rare case of left-side catamenial pneumothorax, in which endometrial tissue pleura was found on the visceral pleura histologically. A chest roentogenogram confirmed the left pneumothorax, but did not reveal bullae or any associated anomalies, in a 41-year-old woman with three documented episodes of left-side pneumothorax occurring every menstruation. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery revealed not only tiny holes in the diaphragm, but also a scattered small brown spots on the visceral pleura. Histological examination of the lung sections revealed the existence of endometrial tissue on the visceral pleura with disrupted pleural elastic fibers. Our case suggests that cyclic erosion of the visceral pleura by the implanted endometrial tissue caused air leakage from the lung, in addition to the most accepted concept that air is aspirated into the thoracic cavity via the abdomen through the acquired fenestration of the diaphragm. 相似文献
We report a rare case of constrictive pericarditis that stimulated a large mediastinal tumor obstructing the right ventricular inflow tract. A 58-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of a recent increase of dyspnea and facial edema. Computed tomography revealed severely thickened calcification, including a low-density area, presenting as a mediastinal tumor, compressing the right ventricular inflow tract. A complete resection was performed, and her symptoms dramatically improved. Idiopathic constrictive pericarditis was diagnosed pathologically. 相似文献
Although the causes of stroke are diverse, thromboembolism due to a mobile aortic thrombus is rare. We describe a surgical
case of acute massive pulmonary embolism after critical cerebral infarction associated with a mobile ascending aortic thrombus
in a 52-year-old woman. Concomitant surgical removal of the aortic thrombus and pulmonary embolectomy was performed successfully,
and the patient has been stable without recurrent thromboembolic complications after 18 months of follow-up. 相似文献
Standard imaging techniques using a curved linear array echoendocope are summarized to facilitate the attainment of expertise in endoscopic ultrasonography and endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration, and to promote the widespread use of this diagnostic and therapeutic tool. Typical images of the mediastinal organs, the bilio‐pancreatic systems and neighboring organs by scanning from the esophagus, stomach, duodenal bulb, and descending portion of the duodenum, are shown in a sequential manner. The basic techniques of endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration are also presented. 相似文献
A new mutant, the Eisai hyperbilirubinemic (EHB) rat, shows no inherent expression of the canalicular isoform of the multidrug
resistance protein (cMrp) in the liver. It has defective biliary secretion of organic anions such as bilirubin glucuronides,
bromosulfophthalein (BSP), cysteinyl leukotrienes, glutathione (GSH) and bile acid sulfate and glucuronides. When rats were
injected intravenously with CdCl2, biliary excretion of Cd over 30 min was 0.28% and 0.004% of the total dose in Sprague-Dawley (SD) and EHB rats, respectively.
Six SD rats and five EHB rats were fed a diet containing Cd. Bile Cd was detected at the level of 2 ng/20 min in SD rats,
but not in EHB rats. There was no significant difference of hepatic Cd concentration between SD and EHB rats. Furthermore,
there were no significant differences of renal and intestinal Cd, and hepatic and renal metallothionein (MT) concentrations
between the SD and EHB groups. Biliary excretion of reduced-GSH for 20 min was 1.3 ± 0.3 mg and 3.6 ± 0.9 μg in SD and EHB
rats, respectively. Our results suggest that hepatobiliary excretion of exogenous Cd is mediated mainly via carrier transport,
including a cMrp or GSH carrier, but that the lack of the transport pathway does not contribute to abnormal accumulation of
Cd in the liver.
Received: 12 August 1996 / Accepted 7 November 1996 相似文献
Background. A membrane oxygenator consisting of a microporous polypropylene hollow fiber with a 0.2-μm ultrathin silicone layer (cyclosiloxane) was developed. Animal experimental and preliminary clinical studies evaluated its reliability in bypass procedures.
Methods. Five 24-hour venoarterial bypass periods were conducted on dogs using the oxygenator (group A). In 5 controls, bypass periods were conducted using the same oxygenator without silicone coating (group B). As a preliminary clinical study, 14 patients underwent cardiopulmonary bypass with the silicone-coated oxygenator.
Results. Eight to 16 hours (mean, 12.2 hours) after initiation of bypass, plasma leakage occurred in all group B animals, but none in group A. The O2 and CO2 transfer rates after 24 hours in group A were significantly higher than at termination of bypass in group B (p < 0.005 and p < 0.03, respectively). Scanning electron microscopy of silicone-coated fibers after 24 hours of bypass revealed no damage to the silicone coating of the polypropylene hollow fibers. In the clinical study, the oxygenator showed good gas transfer, acceptable pressure loss, low hemolysis, and good durability.
Conclusions. This oxygenator is more durable and offers greater gas transfer capabilities than the previous generation of oxygenators. 相似文献
In this study, we analyzed T cell receptor (TCR) gene rearrangements in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) freshly obtained from 15 patients with head and neck cancer using the reversely transcribed polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. These TILs showed preferential expression of Vα10, Vα8 and Vα1, detected in 13 (87%), 11 (73%), and 9 cases (60%), respectively. The TCRVβ gene revealed diversity without preferential usage. The head and neck region is exposed to bacteria and viruses, so it is possible that the tumor site can become infected and accumulate T cells involved in infection and inflammation. Therefore, we also investigated TCR gene usage in T cells infiltrating in chronic sinusitis mucosa to address the question of whether the Vα1, Vα8, and Vα10 subfamilies are characteristic in TIL from squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck. TCR Vα10 gene usage was also the most common in Vα segment in T cells infiltrating the sinus mucosa, but Vα and Vα8 were not detected in the T cells in sinusitis. These results indicate that the Vα10 subfamily, the preferred T cell population in both TIL and T cells in inflammatory disease, might he involved mainly in inflammation or infection. On the other hand, Vα1 and Vα8 appear to be relatively specific populations for antitumor immunity in head and neck cancer. 相似文献