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41.
The in vitro antimicrobial activity of AO-128, an inhibitor of alpha-D-glucosidase, was evaluated against anaerobic bacteria of 45 reference strains (12 genera, 44 species). AO-128 inhibited no strains tested at a concentration of 1,600 micrograms/ml. The results strongly suggested that this compound would not have any influence on the human intestinal microflora, a majority of which is composed of anaerobic bacteria. 相似文献
42.
In five of six cases of camptodactyly in which an abnormality of the flexor tendon was examined at operation, the flexor digitorum superficialis tendon was hypoplastic and there was no continuity of the normal tendon between the muscle belly and bony insertion. The proximal end of the flexor digitorum superficialis tendon was attached to the palmar aponeurosis and the flexor tendon sheath of the ring finger in two patients, to the palmar aponeurosis in one, to the undersurface of the transverse carpal ligament in one and to the flexor tendon sheath of the ring finger in one. The tenodesis effect of the abnormal tendon of the flexor digitorum superficialis is considered to play an important role in the cause and rapid increase of the deformity of camptodactyly. 相似文献
43.
Japan Pancreatoduodenectomy Study Group Ryo Hosotani Masafumi Kogire Tadahiro Takada Hiroyuki Kato Takahiko Funabiki Masumasa Horisawa Takeshi Morimoto Takukazu Nagakawa Toshimichi Nakayama Itsuo Miyazaki Masayuki Imamura 《Journal of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery》1997,4(3):295-303
Endocrine tumor of the pancreas is potentially malignant. A multicenter analysis of these tumors was conducted to clarity
the present status of their surgical management and the subsequent long-term surgical results. The Japan pancreatoduodenectomy
(JPD) study group carried out the study; 368 patients were enrolled and variables related to tumor characteristics, surgery,
and survival were retrospectively analyzed. There were 222 patients with functioning tumor and 143 patients with nonfunctioning
tumor. Malignant tumor was found in 140 of 368 (38%) of the patients, and 63/140 (45%) of these patients had metastatic lesion;
the most common site of the metastasis was liver 34/136 (25%), followed by regional lymph nodes 26/136 (19%). Pancreatic resection
was performed in 91% of patients with nonfunctional tumor and in 83% of those with malignant tumor, and 73% of the pancreatic
resections were done with lymph node dissection. The overall 5-year actuarial survival rate was 76% in patients with malignant
tumor. The actuarial 5-year survival rate was 93% in the patients without metastasis and 83% in patients who received curative
resection. Multivariate analysis showed that the presence or absence of synchronous metastasis was the sole significant prognostic
factor. The results suggest that: (i) malignant endocrine tumor of the pancreas is a curable malignancy when pancreatic resection
with lymph node dissection is adopted and (ii) that synchronous metastasis is the dominant prognostic factor.
This study was carried out as a group project. The authors' institutions are as follows 相似文献
44.
Y Watanabe H Kanayama K Kato T Kanbe H Matsui S Mitani M Yoshino Y Nishiyama M Kanzaki 《Nihon Kyōbu Shikkan Gakkai zasshi》1991,29(10):1311-1316
A 56-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with right chest pain. Chest X-ray, CT scan and MRI revealed a chest wall tumor and enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes. Percutaneous lung biopsy was performed, and the pathological diagnosis of pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma was obtained. The only significant abnormal laboratory finding was elevation of serum NSE (24.5 ng/ml). Although chemotherapy (VAC-ADM) and radiation therapy were performed, the patient died about 7 months after admission. To our knowledge, only 17 cases of chest wall rhabdomyosarcoma have been reported in Japan. 相似文献
45.
A transcrista galli, translamina terminalis approach for highly placed basilar bifurcation aneurysms
Summary Surgery for highly placed basilar bifurcation aneurysms is one of the most difficult operations in neurosurgery. Specific surgical techniques have been developed including the temporopolar, zygomatic, transzygomatic subtemporal, transclinoid trans-sellar transcavernous, and trans third ventricular approaches. The authors present some technical advances which have been developed for the transcristagalli translamina terminalis approach for the treatment of this aneurysm. 相似文献
46.
László Prónai Hiroe Nakazawa Kohji Ichimori Yoshinori Saigusa Tomoichi Ohkubo Kazuko Hiramatsu Shigeru Arimori János Fehér 《Inflammation》1992,16(5):437-450
This study was performed to examine the pattern of Superoxide (O
2
–
·) generation from leukocytes using the O
2
–
· specific chemiluminescence (CL) method.Cypridina luciferin analog, 2-methyl-6-(p-methoxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroimidazo[1,2-alpha]pyrazin-3-one (MCLA) was used as a CL probe. The appropriate conditions of the MCLA method was first determined for the evaluation of the time course of O
2
–
· generation by leukocytes. The time course of O
2
–
· generation obtained by the MCLA-CL system was compared with that by the luminol-dependent CL, electron spin resonance (ESR)/spin trapping, and cytochromec systems. Following stimulation by three different stimulants (PMA, OZ, FMLP), leukocytes continuously generated O
2
–
· for up to 5 h in the MCLA-CL system, irrespective of the kind of stimulation. The curves obtained by generation ceased more rapidly in the luminol-CL, ESR/spin trapping, and cytochromec systems. A 50% activity of the initial value was observed at 70 min in the MCLA-CL system, but 30, 10 and 35 min in the other systems, respectively. The CL or O
2
–
· generation value decreased to less than 1% (possible termination) at 300, 90, 120 and 180 min, respectively. With the exception of ESR studies with OZ, the cell viability was not significantly affected in any of the trials. These results indicate that leukocytes can generate O
2
–
· much longer than previously estimated and that the MCLA-CL-system is the most suitable system for the measurement of the O
2
–
· generation by leukocytes. 相似文献
47.
The etiology and pathophysiology of schizophrenia and related mental disorders such as bipolar disorder and major depression remain largely unclear. Recent advances in mRNA profiling techniques made it possible to perform genome-wide gene expression analysis in a hypothesis-free manner. It was thought that this large-scale data mining approach would reveal unknown molecular cascades involved in mental disorders. Contrary to this initial expectation, however, DNA microarray results in psychiatric fields have been notoriously discordant. Here the authors review the findings of DNA microarray analysis, focusing on systematic gene expression changes in schizophrenia, as well as alterations in the expression of specific genes, that have been reported and replicated. The authors also address the probable causes for the discordance among studies, possible ways to solve the problem, and their preferred approach for data interpretation. 相似文献
48.
N-Glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGc) is distributed in most animals except humans and chickens. However, human and chicken cancerous tissues often synthesize this heterophilic sialic acid as a tumor-associated Hanganutziu-Deicher antigen [M. Naiki and H. Higashi, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol., 152: 445-456, 1982; H. Higashi et al., Cancer Res., 45: 3796-3802, 1985]. In this paper, NeuGc in human cancerous tissues and chicken Marek's disease lymphoma cell lines was determined quantitatively with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis using mass fragmentography. The detectable limit of NeuGc was 40 pg (0.12 pmol) in each injection using 5 ng of trideuteriomethyl ester trideuteriomethyl glycoside of the sialic acid as an internal standard sample when a pair of ions at m/e 386 and 389 was chosen for ion monitoring. NeuGc was detected in ganglioside-rich fractions of various human cancerous tissues from 5 of 8 patients examined but was not detected in glycosphingolipids of normal human tissues. The contents of NeuGc in these cancerous tissues ranged from 0.02 to 0.5% of the total sialic acid content. NeuGc was also detected in freeze-dried samples of 5 different cell lines from chicken Marek's disease lymphomas but was not detected in a cell line from chicken lymphoid leukosis lymphoma and normal chicken skeletal muscle tissue. The contents of NeuGc in the positive cell lines ranged from 0.03 to 0.11% of the total sialic acid content. These results indicate that NeuGc can be synthesized in both humans and chickens in some cancers. 相似文献
49.
L Kato 《Acta leprologica》1987,5(4):265-270
Since the discovery of the leprosy bacillus, cultivable mycobacteria were regularly found in lepratic tissues of humans and armadillos. Unpublished data indicate that Professor Hugo Preisz isolated and collected several cultures of unidentified cultivable strains of mycobacteria from leprosy sufferers. Recent findings suggest that Mycobacterium leprae is a microbe-dependent, mycobactin-deficient microorganism. The author proposes the concept that secondary mycobacteria found in leprosy cases are ethilogical cofactors in the pathogenesis of leprosy. Since secondary mycobacteria are rich in mycobactin, it is suggested that they provide the essential mycobactin for growth multiplication and virulence for the mycobactin deficient leprosy bacilli. The implications of this concept are discussed. 相似文献
50.
Effect of central scotomata on pattern reversal visual evoked potentials in patients with maculopathy and healthy subjects 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The effect of central scotomata on pattern reversal visual evoked potential (PVEP) was investigated in patients with maculopathy and healthy subjects. PVEP was evoked monocularly by both full-field and half-field stimulations. Since the latency of 'the major positivity at Oz' (P100-Oz) is used as the most reliable parameter in the clinical application of PVEP, special attention was focused on its changes, comparing with 'ipsilateral major positivity of half-field PVEP' (P100-IHF). Although the incidence of modification was lower in the patients, central scotomata modified PVEPs of the healthy subjects and of the affected eye of the patients in a similar manner: full-field PVEP showed prolonged latency and reduced amplitude of P100-Oz. Half-field PVEP disclosed prolonged P100-Oz latency with intact P100-IHF latency. Only difference was that amplitude reduction of both P100-Oz and P100-IHF of half-field PVEP was observed only in the healthy subjects. The prolonged P100-Oz latency of half-field PVEP was accompanied, both in the healthy subjects and in the patients, by a contralateral negative-positive complex (N105-P135) which was augmented and extended to Oz. The prolonged P100-Oz latency, thus, was due to the pronounced P135. These observations suggested that an attenuation of the afferent impulses from the central retina may cause a prolongation of the P100-Oz latency in both healthy subjects and patients, but this is not a reflection of the truly prolonged P100-IHF latency. It was concluded that, in the clinical application of PVEP, recordings of half-field PVEP from the lateral electrodes seem to be essential to distinguish true prolongation of the P100-Oz latency. 相似文献