唐山地区野生药用植物资源开发利用价值评价初步研究简

目的：评价唐山地区的野生药用植物资源的开发利用价值,为药用植物资源的综合开发利用提供依据。方法：在药用植物资源调查的基础上,采用系统工程论中的层次分析法定量评价唐山地区野生药用植物资源的开发利用价值,筛选出可供开发利用的药用植物资源。结果：初步调查及评价结果显示唐山地区可供开发利用的药用植物资源有62种。结论：唐山地区可供开发利用的野生药用植物资源丰富,应制定综合开发利用及保护规划,综合开发利用各药用植物资源,并保持生态资源的可持续发展。     

Induction of bone formation in biphasic calcium phosphate scaffolds by bone morphogenetic protein‐2 and primary osteoblasts

Bone tissue engineering strategies mainly depend on porous scaffold materials. In this study, novel biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) matrices were generated by 3D‐printing. High porosity was achieved by starch consolidation. This study aimed to characterise the porous BCP‐scaffold properties and interactions of osteogenic cells and growth factors under in vivo conditions. Five differently treated constructs were implanted subcutaneously in syngeneic rats: plain BCP constructs (group A), constructs pre‐treated with BMP‐2 (group B; 1.6 µg BMP‐2 per scaffold), seeded with primary osteoblasts (OB) (group C), seeded with OB and BMP‐2 (group D) and constructs seeded with OB and pre‐cultivated in a flow bioreactor for 6 weeks (group E). After 2, 4 and 6 weeks, specimens were explanted and subjected to histological and molecular biological analyses. Explanted scaffolds were invaded by fibrovascular tissue without significant foreign body reactions. Morphometric analysis demonstrated significantly increased bone formation in samples from group D (OB + BMP‐2) compared to all other groups. Samples from groups B‐E displayed significant mRNA expression of bone‐specific genes after 6 weeks. Pre‐cultivation in the flow bioreactor (group E) induced bone formation comparable with group B. In this study, differences in bone distribution between samples with BMP‐2 or osteoblasts could be observed. In conclusion, combination of osteoblasts and BMP‐2 synergistically enhanced bone formation in novel ceramic scaffolds. These results provide the basis for further experiments in orthotopic defect models with a focus on future applications in orthopaedic and reconstructive surgery. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

2009年内蒙古自治区盟(市)、旗县(区)两级健康教育机构与人力资源现状调查

目的了解2009年内蒙古盟市、旗县(区)两级健康教育机构与人力资源现状。方法采用《2009年健康教育所(中心)业务工作调查表及基本情况调查表》(卫统46表)对内蒙古盟市、旗县(区)两级健康教育机构设置、人力资源、经费和活动形式进行问卷调查。结果全区12个盟市中有7个盟市级健康教育所为独立建制;104个旗县(区)均有健康教育机构,其中有20个为独立建制。盟市、旗县(区)两级分别有专职健康教育人员73人和190人,两级机构人员学历以本科(40.7%)和大专(39.5%)为主,职称构成均以中级(36.5%)和初级(39.16%)为主,医学背景(公共卫生或临床医学)人员比例仅为人员总数的32.3%。两级健康教育机构的经费主要来源于财政拨款,健康教育机构的工作形式主要有印刷小册子、折页、宣传画、举办健康知识讲座等。结论内蒙古自治区健康教育存在管理体制不顺,专业人员数量偏少、整体素质偏低,财政投入不足,活动形式过于老化与单一等突出问题,需要在医药卫生体制改革中得到解决。     

FS02.6Patch test reactivity to nickel sulphate and fragrance mix in unselected children

Aim:  To investigate the occurrence of hand eczema after 20 years in schoolgirls previously patch‐tested to nickel.
Methods:  In 1982–83, 960 schoolgirls, aged 8, 11 and 15 years, were investigated for the occurrence of nickel allergy (Larson‐Stymne B and Widström L, Contact Dermatitis 1985:13:289–293). The girls were patch‐tested and the prevalence of nickel allergy was 9%. Twenty years later, the same individuals have received a questionnaire regarding hand eczema and factors of importance for the development of hand eczema. After two reminders, the response rate was 81%.
Results:  In total 17.5% of the girls reported hand eczema after the age of 15. The 1‐year prevalence of hand eczema was 12.6%. Of the previously patch‐tested schoolgirls who answered the questionnaire, 63 were sensitive to nickel. In this study, the prevalence of hand eczema among those 63 was 16%, compared to 17% in the non‐sensitive group (NS). Excluding persons with atopic dermatitis, the prevalence of hand eczema was 12.5% in the nickel‐sensitive group, and 10% among the others (NS). 32% of the persons who had had atopic dermatitis reported hand eczema after 15 years of age, compared to 10% of those with no history of atopic dermatitis (p < 0.001).
Conclusion:  Contact allergy to nickel in early childhood (8–15 years) did not seem to increase the prevalence of hand eczema later in life. The prevalence of hand eczema was increased by a factor of three among those with a history of atopic dermatitis, which is in accordance with earlier reports.     

复方黄芪颗粒对糖尿病大鼠糖脂代谢及胰岛功能的影响

目的 观察复方黄芪颗粒(ACP)对2型糖尿病动物模型糖脂代谢状态、胰岛功能的影响.方法 SPF级雄性Wistar大鼠予以链尿佐菌素( streptoptocin,STZ) 40 mg/kg腹腔注射,建立2型糖尿病动物模型.设立正常组、糖尿病组、西药对照组、中药对照组及复方黄芪颗粒干预组（后称ACP组）.中、西药组及ACP组分别予以西药（二甲双胍）、中药（参芪降糖颗粒）以及复方黄芪颗粒灌胃,4用后杀鼠留取血样检测空腹血糖(FBG)、胆固醇(CHO)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇( LDL -C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL - C)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)以及放射免疫法(RIA)检测血清空腹胰岛素(FINS),留取胰腺组织,固定后进行形态学观察以及胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)的免疫组化检测.结果 ACP显著降低糖尿病大鼠血糖,并优于西药及中药组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）;ACP提高糖尿病大鼠FINS水平,其差异有显著性（P＜0.01或P＜0.05）;HE染色显示ACP组大鼠胰岛萎缩、胰岛细胞数减少、胰岛细胞肥大、β细胞大小不等等病理改变与糖尿病组、西药组、中药组、ACP组大鼠比较较轻;糖尿病组、西药组、中药组、ACP组大鼠胰腺组织均出现不同程度IGF表达阳性,ACP组IGF呈弱阳性表达.结论 复方黄芪颗粒对气阴两虚型2型糖尿病动物模型糖脂代谢紊乱有一定调节作用,并延缓了胰岛组织病理改变进展,其降糖机制与可能与改善胰岛素抵抗、影响IGF表达有关.     

益肾化瘀汤联合西医常规疗法治疗糖尿病肾病临床研究

目的观察益肾化瘀汤治疗糖尿病肾病的临床疗效。方法将120例糖尿病肾病患者随机分为治疗组、对照组,各60例。对照组仅予降糖、降压及饮食控制治疗;治疗组口服益肾化瘀汤,同时使用降糖、降压及饮食控制治疗;两组疗程均为90天。观察两组治疗前后临床症状变化情况及空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、24 h尿蛋白定量、尿微量蛋白、血尿素氮、血肌酐水平。结果治疗组、对照组总有效率分别为90.0%和73.3%,组间临床疗效差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组空腹血糖、24 h尿蛋白定量、血尿素氮、血肌酐水平与本组治疗前比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组空腹血糖、血尿素氮、血肌酐水平与本组治疗前比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。组间比较,24 h尿蛋白定量、尿微量蛋白水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论益肾化瘀汤治疗糖尿病肾病疗效良好。     

实践表现的自我评估:美国内科委员会实践改善教育活动

为了评估美国内科委员会(American Board of Internal Medicine,ABIM)开展的实践改善单元(Practice Improvement Module,PIM)教育活动的效果,以及参与心脏疾病预防PIM教育活动的专科医师临床实践改善的表现,美国内科委员会进行了一项以自我指导为基础的观察研究.     

聚乙二醇干扰素α-2b单药或聚乙二醇干扰素α-2b联合拉米夫定治疗HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎的多中心、随机、双盲、对照试验

与干扰素非应答者相比,应答的慢性乙型肝炎(乙肝)患者发生肝硬化、肝衰竭及肝细胞癌的可能性明显下降[1,2].然而,大部分慢性乙肝患者不能获得应答.在已经获得批准治疗慢性乙肝的药物中,最常用的是干扰素和核苷类似物,如拉米夫定或阿德福韦.