Nontuberculous mycobacterial infection in AIDS: clinical, pathologic, and radiographic features

The medical records, radiographs, and pathologic specimens of ten patients with the diagnoses of nontuberculous mycobacterial infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were examined. The radiographic findings of alveolar or nodular infiltrates and adenopathy were relatively nonspecific but in most cases led to bronchoscopic study or open-lung biopsy, which established the diagnosis. Bronchoscopic washings or sputum cultures, which frequently provided the first confirmation of infection, were always followed by positive blood or tissue cultures. In contrast to nontuberculous infection in immunocompetent hosts, disseminated infection was common, with evidence of extrapulmonary involvement in nine patients. On the basis of these findings, we recommend that any AIDS patient with sputum or bronchoscopic washings demonstrating nontuberculous mycobacterial organisms be tentatively classified as having disseminated infection while being evaluated with blood, bone-marrow, stool, and urine cultures, even if the chest radiograph shows no disease.     

特异性IgY对烧伤鼠继发感染白念珠菌预防作用的实验研究

目的：探讨白念珠菌特异性ＩｇＹ对烧伤鼠继发感染白念珠菌的预防作用。方法：自烧伤继发感染白念珠菌病人创面分离出的白念珠菌免疫蛋鸡,并将人住房鸡产的蛋中分离出提取的特异性ＩｇＹ用行烧伤感染白念珠菌大鼠。结果：特异性ＩｇＹ能明显抑制烧伤鼠创面（痂下组织）继发感染白念珠菌,与对照组比有显著差异。结论：白念珠菌特异性ＩｇＹ有助于烧伤鼠预防白念珠菌的继发感染。     

吸入性损伤气管切开问题的临床讨论

目的：为了进一步探讨吸入性损伤病人的气管切开时机与指征。方法：回顾性总结分析了１９８１～１９９８年１７３例吸入性损伤的处理方法。他们中轻、中、重度吸入性损伤分别为９４．５３和２７例,行气管切开５７例。结果：全组死亡５６例,病死率与烧伤情有一定关系,但主要死罪仍为吸入性损伤程度,２４小时之内行气管切开病死率偏低。结论：中、重度吸入性损伤宜尽早衽气管切开治疗,并有预防意义。     

Efficient retrovirus-mediated gene transduction into murine hematopoietic stem cells and long-lasting expression using a Transwell coculture system

The neomycin phosphotransferase (neo) gene was transduced into murine hematopoietic stem cells by culturing a recombinant retrovirus- producing cell line in a Transwell (Costar, Cambridge, MA) (bottomed with a porous membrane) hung into a Dexter-type long-term bone marrow (BM) culture. Gene transduction into stem cells retaining long-term reconstitution ability was successfully performed by using protocols of total 15 to 18 days of culture including establishment of the Dexter culture, transduction, and G418 selection. In the irradiated recipients of these cells, a large majority of the BM, thymus, and spleen cells as well as peripheral blood (PB) leukocytes were of donor origin and the neo gene was present in these organs up to 21 weeks after cell transfer. One third to two thirds of the in vitro colony-forming cells in the BM of the recipient mice were resistant to cultivation with G418. It was further found that the hematopoietic system of secondary recipients given BM cells from a primary recipient mouse was predominated by original donor-type cells. The transduced neo gene was detected in the PB, BM, thymus, and spleen cells of these secondary recipients. These results indicate that our procedure of retroviral vector-mediated gene transfer is highly effective in safely introducing a gene into pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells.