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21.
To replicate the association of variants in RYR3 gene with common carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis, we genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs2229116 and rs7177922 in a sub-population of 244 HIV-positive and HIV-negative men. SNP rs2229116 was associated with common cIMT in HIV infected white men after adjusting for age and use of stavudine (d4T). The association was more evident at younger ages and decreased among older individuals.  相似文献   
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23.
The vascular responses to acute resistance exercise and resistance exercise training (RET) in overweight women are unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the vasodilatory and wave reflection responses to acute resistance exercise before and after RET. In all, 24 overweight/obese (28.5±0.6?kg?m(-2)) women (44±1 years of age) volunteered for this study. Forearm blood flow (FBF), vasodilatory capacity in response to reactive hyperemia (peak FBF) and wave reflection (radial tonometry) were measured, before and 15?min after five sets of leg press at 10-repetition maximum (RM). Measures of pulse wave reflection included the augmentation index (AIx) and the time of the reflected wave (Tr). Measurements were collected at baseline, after a 4-week control period (before RET) and after 12 weeks of whole-body RET using three sets of five exercises at 50-60% of 1-RM. There were no differences in vascular measurements at baseline or before RET for any variable. Resting FBF (66.7%) and peak FBF (51.6%) increased significantly (P<0.05) after RET compared with before RET. Post-exercise FBF (48.9%) and peak FBF (41.1%) also increased significantly (P<0.05) after RET compared with before RET. Post-exercise AIx decreased significantly (P<0.05), whereas Tr increased significantly (P<0.05) compared with rest at all time points. However, AIx and Tr were unaltered by RET. The 12-week whole-body RET increased the resting and post-exercise FBF as well as vasodilatory capacity without changing wave reflection in premenopausal overweight women. RET may be an important non-pharmacological therapy for reducing cardiovascular risk in overweight and obese premenopausal women.  相似文献   
24.
Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) mobilized with high-dose chemotherapy and hematopoietic growth factors are now widely used to support myeloablative therapy of multiple myeloma and effect complete remissions in up to 50% of patients with apparent extension of event- free and overall survival. Because tumor cells are present not only in bone marrow, but also in virtually all PBSC harvests, it is conceivable that autografted myeloma cells contribute to relapse after autotransplants. In this study, the kinetics of mobilization of normal hematopoietic stem cells were compared with those of myeloma cells present in PBSC harvests of 12 patients after high-dose cyclophosphamide and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor administration. CD34+ and CD34+Lin-Thy+ stem cell contents were measured by multiparameter flow cytometry, and myeloma cells were quantitated by immunostaining for the relevant Ig light chain and by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction for the myeloma-specific CDRIII sequence. Results indicated marked heterogeneity in the percentages of mobilized stem cells among different patients (0.1% to 22.2% for CD34+ cells and 0.1% to 7.5% for CD34+Lin-Thy+ cells, respectively). The highest proportions of hematopoietic progenitor cells were observed early during apheresis, with 9 of 12 patients mobilizing adequate amounts of CD34+ cells for 2 autotransplants (> 4 x 10(6)/kg) within the first 2 days, whereas peak levels (percent and absolute numbers) of myeloma cells were present on days 5 and 6 (0.5% to 22.0%). During the last days of collection, mobilized tumor cells exhibited more frequently high labeling index values (1% to 10%; median, 4.4%) and an immature phenotype (CD19+). The differential mobilization observed between normal hematopoietic stem cells and myeloma cells can be exploited to reduce tumor cell contamination in PBSC harvests.  相似文献   
25.
Ninety subjects with DSM-III-R anorexia nervosa were randomly allocated to four treatment options, one inpatient, two outpatient, and one comprising an assessment interview only. Twenty were thus offered a package of outpatient individual and family psychotherapy. At 2-year follow-up, 12 of the 20 were classed as well, or very nearly well, according to operationally defined criteria. Statistically significant improvements over time were obtained for weight, mean body mass index (BMI), and also for psychological, sexual, and socioeconomic adjustments. Weight and BMI changes were significantly better than for the assessment only group, some of whom had received extensive treatment elsewhere. The style of the outpatient therapy and compliance with it are described in some detail and prognostic indicators for the treated and untreated groups presented. Lower weights at presentation and vomiting were associated with poorer outcome, although age and length of history were not. © 1994 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.  相似文献   
26.
Primary intraosseous synovial sarcoma is an extremely rare malignancy that occurs primarily in young adults. We present a case of a primary intraosseous synovial sarcoma of the right distal ulna in a 19-year-old female. It has a propensity to mimic other radiologic and pathologic diagnosis. Histopathology after a surgical excisional biopsy with a wide margin plus adjunct radio and chemotherapy are necessary to improve prognosis.  相似文献   
27.
Multidrug-resistant bacteria pose a major challenge to the clinical management of infections in resource-poor settings. Although nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) bacteria cause predominantly enteric self-limiting illness in developed countries, NTS is responsible for a huge burden of life-threatening bloodstream infections in sub-Saharan Africa. Here, we characterized nine S. Typhimurium isolates from an outbreak involving patients who initially failed to respond to ceftriaxone treatment at a referral hospital in Kenya. These Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium isolates were resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, aztreonam, cefepime, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and cefpodoxime. Resistance to β-lactams, including to ceftriaxone, was associated with carriage of a combination of blaCTX-M-15, blaOXA-1, and blaTEM-1 genes. The genes encoding resistance to heavy-metal ions were borne on the novel IncHI2 plasmid pKST313, which also carried a pair of class 1 integrons. All nine isolates formed a single clade within S. Typhimurium ST313, the major clone of an ongoing invasive NTS epidemic in the region. This emerging ceftriaxone-resistant clone may pose a major challenge in the management of invasive NTS in sub-Saharan Africa.  相似文献   
28.
Multiple sclerosis: serial study of gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
Thirteen patients with definite multiple sclerosis (MS), studied 16-24 months previously with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with and without enhancement by intravenously administered gadolinium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) dimeglumine, were reexamined with a similar protocol. Assessment of enhancement and clinical activity in both studies revealed that enhancement was observed in 13 of 14 cases in which clinical activity had changed within 4 weeks of the study and thus appeared more sensitive than clinical examination in determining active disease. The 3-minute postinjection, short repetition time image (TR) was the most efficient for depicting enhancement. Enhancing lesions (active plaques) arose from previously hyper- or isointense regions on long TR images. Previously active lesions reverted to areas of iso- or hyperintensity on long TR images. Serial comparison of long TR images in this population reveals a decrease in high-intensity lesions on long TR images in some cases and an increase in others. The findings of high-intensity regions on long TR images and previously enhancing lesions both becoming isointense suggests that transient inflammatory changes with concomitant edema without demyelination and/or with significant remyelination may occur in some MS lesions. MS lesions are dynamic; both active and inactive lesions may show dramatic change on longitudinal MR imaging studies.  相似文献   
29.
Objective: To conduct an epidemiological and clinical review of published case reports of melioidosis from India and Bangladesh. Methods: Data from published case reports were abstracted and summarized. We further compared the clinical epidemiology of the melioidosis cases in India with case series from highly endemic areas in Northern Australia and Southeast Asia to elucidate any differences in presentations and risk factors between the regions.Results: We identified a total of 99 cases published between 1953 and June 2016, originating from India(n=85) or Bangladesh(n=14). Cases were predominantly male and ranged in age from 1 month to 90 years. Diabetes mellitus was the most common risk factor reported(58%). About 28% of the cases had history of exposure via high-risk occupations or exposure to contaminated water. The overall case fatality rate(CFR) was 26%. Factors influencing mortality included the occurrence of septic shock(CFR, 80%), environmental exposure(CFR,39%), primary presentation of pneumonia(CFR, 38%), misdiagnosed and/or mistreated cases(CFR, 33%) or the presence of a risk factor(CFR, 29%). Because of the small number of cases in Bangladesh, pattern of clinical epidemiology is limited to India. Soft tissue abscess(37%)was the most common clinical presentation reported from India followed by pneumonia(24%)and osteomyelitis/septic arthritis(18%). Neurological melioidosis(n=10, 12%) presented as pyemic lesions of the brain or meninges. A few cases of prostatic abscess(n=4) in men and parotid abscess(n=4) were also noted. The above patterns were consistent with case series from Southeast Asia and Northern Australia for the most part, in terms of risk factors associated with infection and factors influencing mortality. Differences included clinical presentation of pneumonia which was notably lower than that reported in Southeast Asia and Northern Australia; a higher proportion of neurological and parotid abscess presentation; and a lower CFR compared to that reported in case series in Southeast Asia. About 39% of the cases were misdiagnosed and/or mistreated, suggesting underreporting and under estimation of the true disease burden. Conclusions: The concentration of melioidosis cases in southern and eastern states in India and in Bangladesh, which share climatic conditions and rice farming activities with known endemic areas in Southeast Asia, suggests an endemicity of melioidosis in this region. Thus, increased awareness among healthcare personnel, particularly among clinicians and nurses practicing in rural areas, and improved surveillance through case registries is essential to guide early diagnosis and prompt treatment.  相似文献   
30.
实时荧光PCR研究新进展   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6  
  相似文献   
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