Identification and characterization of a high-affinity granulocyte- macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor on primary rat oligodendrocytes

We previously showed the presence of receptors for granulocyte- macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on tumor tissues and tumor cell lines that are derived from the neural crest. To determine whether normal neural cells express functional GM-CSF receptors, we isolated and analyzed primary rat brain cells, including microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Scatchard analysis of equilibrium binding of 125I-GM-CSF to primary rat oligodendrocytes showed an average of 1,110 GM-CSF binding sites per cell, with a kd of 20 pmol/L. In six separate experiments, no specific binding was detectable on the astrocyte population. Microglia were used in competitive binding experiments with oligodendrocytes, and addition of microglia did not increase the specific binding of labeled ligand to oligodendrocytes. In dose-response assays, we measured 3H-thymidine uptake in rat oligodendrocytes, microglia and control murine 32D cells stimulated with various concentrations of GM-CSF. Over concentration ranges of 0.025 to 1000 pmol/L, cell proliferation and peak 3H-thymidine incorporation was observed at approximately 30 pmol/L for both the control cells and the oligodendrocytes. However, the microglial cells did not proliferate in response to GM-CSF. These data indicate the presence of a functional receptor for GM-CSF on primary rat oligodendrocytes, and suggest that hematopoietic growth factors such as GM-CSF may play a role in nerve cell development, function, or response to injury.     

The human myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen gene is one of at least two related interferon-inducible genes located on chromosome 1q that are expressed specifically in hematopoietic cells

We have previously shown that the human myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen (MNDA) is expressed at both the antigen and mRNA levels specifically in human monocytes and granulocytes and earlier stage cells in the myeloid lineage. A 200 amino acid region of the MNDA is strikingly similar to a region in the proteins encoded by a family of interferon-inducible mouse genes, designated Ifi-201, Ifi- 202, Ifi-203, etc, that are not regulated in a cell- or tissue-specific fashion. However, a new member of the Ifi-200 gene family, D3, is induced in mouse mononuclear phagocytes but not in fibroblasts by interferon. The same 200 amino acid region, duplicated in the mouse Ifi- 200 gene family, is also repeated in the recently characterized human IFI 16 gene that is constitutively expressed specifically in lymphoid cells and is induced in myeloid cells by interferon gamma. The 1.8-kb MNDA mRNA, which contains an interferon-stimulated response element in the 5' untranslated region, was significantly upregulated in human monocytes exposed to interferon alpha. Characterization of the MNDA gene showed that it is a single-copy gene and localized to human chromosome 1q 21-22 within the large linkage group conserved between mouse and human that contains the Ifi-200 gene family. The IFI 16 gene is also located on human chromosome 1q. Our observations are consistent with the proposal that the MNDA is a member of a cluster of related human interferon-regulated genes, similar to the mouse Ifi-200 gene family. In addition, one mouse gene in the Ifi-200 gene family and the human MNDA and IFI 16 genes show expression and/or regulation restricted to cells of the hematopoietic system, suggesting that these genes participate in blood cell-specific responses to interferons.     

SLE患者生长激素和泌乳素对促甲状腺激素释放激素的反应及与下丘 -垂体 -肾上腺皮质轴间的相互作用

为了探讨垂体分泌泌乳素（PRL）和生长激素（GH）以及下丘－垂体－肾上腺皮质轴活动。采用RIA法测定未治疗SLE活动期和正常对照组、SLE静止期血清PRL、GH、促甲状腺激素释放激素（TSH），促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）和皮质醇水平。结果显示SLE患者活动期血清PRL和GH水平与静止期患者及年龄性别配对的正常对照组比较显著升高，而血清ACTH和皮质醇水平显著下降；SLE患者活动期（PRL＋GH）／皮质醇比值与dsDNA抗体滴度正相关。提示SLE活动期患者存在垂体GH和PRL的分泌与下丘－垂体－肾上腺皮质轴活动失衡。     

唇腭裂新生儿听力检测

目的 分析唇腭裂新生儿瞬态声诱发耳声发射、鼓室图以及听性脑干反应(ABR)的特点,以探讨相关听力学检查对这类新生儿的临床应用价值.方法 采用瞬态声诱发耳声发射(transiently evoked otoacoustic emission,TEOAE)及鼓室图测试,对23例（46耳）唇腭裂新生儿进行新生儿听力筛查,初筛...     

Coexistence of diffuse plane normolipaemic xanthoma and amyloidosis in a patient with monoclonal gammopathy

Diffuse plane normolipaemic xanthomatosis (DPNX) is a well-defined clinicopathological entity that characteristically presents with yellow–orange plaques in the periorbital areas, the neck, the upper trunk and the flexural folds. DPNX has been reported in association with lymphoproliferative disorders and, occasionally, with miscellaneous, probably coincidental disorders. A case of DPNX in a patient with an IgGλ monoclonal gammopathy and systemic amyloidosis is reported. Clinical and histopathological findings revealed typical features of DPNX and amyloidosis coexisting in the cutaneous lesions. To our knowledge this is the first reported case showing coexistence of xanthoma and amyloidosis in cutaneous lesions in a patient with a monoclonal gammopathy.     

Changes in causes of death among adults infected by HIV between 2000 and 2005: The "Mortalité 2000 and 2005" surveys (ANRS EN19 and Mortavic)

BACKGROUND: The multicenter national Mortalité 2005 survey aimed at describing the distribution of causes of death among HIV-infected adults in France in 2005 and its changes as compared with 2000. METHODS: Physicians involved in the management of HIV infection notified deaths and documented the causes using a standardized questionnaire similar to the previous survey performed in 2000. RESULTS: Overall, 1042 deaths were notified in 2005 (vs 964 in 2000): with median age, 46 years (vs 41 years); men, 76%; and median last CD4 cell count, 161/mm (vs 94). The proportion of underlying causes of death due to AIDS decreased (36% in 2005 vs 47% in 2000), and the proportion of cancer not related to AIDS or hepatitis (17% vs 11%), liver related disease (15% vs 13%: hepatitis C, 11%, and hepatitis B, 2%), cardiovascular disease (8% vs 7%), or suicide (5% vs 4%) increased. Among the 375 AIDS-related deaths, the most frequent event was non-Hodgkin lymphoma (28%). Among cancers not related to AIDS or hepatitis, the most frequent localizations were lung (31%) and digestive tract (14%). Among the 154 liver-related deaths, 24% were due to hepatocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: The heterogeneity of causes of death among HIV-infected adults was confirmed and intensified in 2005, with 3 causes following AIDS: cancers and liver-related and cardiovascular diseases.     

斩龙剑中新苯丙素甙的结构鉴定

从玄参科植物斩龙剑(Veronivastrum sibirica (L.)Pennell.)的根部分得九种化学成分,分别为斩龙剑甙A(sibiriosideA,Ⅰ)斩龙剑甙B(sibiriosideB,Ⅱ),异阿魏酸(isoferulicacid,Ⅲ),6-(4-methoxyferulpol)mioporoside(Ⅳ),scrophularioside(Ⅴ),6-O-阿魏酰梓醇(6-O-trans-feruloylcatalpol,Ⅵ),阿魏酸(ferulicacid,Ⅶ),胡萝卜甾醇(daucosterol,Ⅷ)和β-谷甾醇(Ⅸ)。其中斩龙剑甙A和斩龙剑甙B为新苯丙素甙化合物,应用波谱分析和理化数据测定,确定了它们的结构。     

中枢5—HT受体在电针对胃运动,胃电影响中的作用

目的：观察中枢５－ＨＴ２、５－ＨＴ３受体在电针对胃运动、胃电影响中的作用。方法实验采用霍耳效应原理慢性记录家兔胃运动的方法,同时记录胃电。观察家兔在自由进食和饮水后,清醒安静状态脑室注射赛庚啶、枢复宁条件下,电针“足三里”穴对胃运动和胃电慢波的影响。结果用赛庚啶阻断中枢５－ＨＴ２受体后,电针对胃运动及胃电的抑制效应大为减弱,而用枢复宁阻断中枢５－ＨＴ３受体后,对电针的抑制效应无明显影响。结论提示在     

肝病患者自身免疫性抗体特征性的研究进展

自身免疫反应参与肝病的发生发展过程。目前,肝病患者自身抗体的测定及临床意义已成为众多学者研究的热点。本文就近年来各型肝病自身免疫性抗体的特征性研究进展作一简要综述。