微型锁定钢板与空心螺钉治疗MutchⅡ型肱骨大结节骨折的疗效对比研究

目的 比较微型锁定钢板与空心螺钉治疗MutchⅡ型肱骨大结节骨折的疗效.方法 回顾性研究2017年1月—2020年1月中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九〇二医院骨科收治的31例MutchⅡ型肱骨大结节骨折患者,男性20例,女性11例;年龄19～61岁,平均35.4岁;摔伤17例,道路交通伤9例,高处坠落伤5例.根据内固定物不同分为微型钢板组(14例)和空心螺钉组(17例).记录两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度及骨折愈合时间.随访时记录肩关节功能活动度(ROM)及并发症,采用Constant-Murley评分(CSS)评定疗效.结果 患者均获得12～32个月(平均17.4个月)随访.两组手术时间[(45.9±8.2)minvs.(44.1±8.8)min]、术中出血量[(58.2±8.5)mLvs.(52.7±12.1)mL]、切口长度[(4.4±0.5)cmvs.(4.7±0.5)cm]及骨折愈合时间[(9.6±1.6)周vs.(10.1±2.2)周]比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).微型锁定钢板组无严重并发症.空心螺钉组有1例出现内固定松动,行非手术治疗,4个月畸形愈合,功能可;2例复位丢失,再次行手术治疗,恢复较满意.两组关节活动比较(微型钢板组vs.空心螺钉组),前屈上举[(156.4±13.1)°vs.(127.1±17.1)°、外展(128.2±11.7)°vs.(117.9±10.0)°、后伸(43.9±11.1)°vs.(32.1±14.5)°],微型钢板组优于空心螺钉组(P<0.05).微型钢板组CSS评分高于空心螺钉组[(85.7±8.9)分vs.(72.7±8.1)分],P<0.05.结论 与空心螺钉相比,微型钢板治疗MutchⅡ型肱骨大结节骨折具有固定牢靠、可早期行功能锻炼、肩关节功能恢复好、术后并发症少等优点.     

游离旋髂浅动脉分叶皮瓣修复手部不规则创面的临床应用研究

目的 探讨以游离旋髂浅动脉为血供的分叶皮瓣修复手部多个创面缺损的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2015年1月—2019年1月西南医科大学附属中医医院骨伤手外科应用以旋髂浅动脉为血供的分叶皮瓣修复手部多个创面缺损22例,男性15例,女性7例;年龄27～59岁,平均41.5岁.机械伤17例,压砸伤5例;手背部12例,手掌部10例.携带2个穿支,形成2个分叶皮瓣20例,携带3个穿支,形成3个分叶皮瓣2例.创面不规则,均伴有肌腱、骨骼外露,皮瓣切取面积2.0 cm×2.5 cm～3.0 cm×8.0 cm.皮瓣供区均采用美容缝合.患者均获门诊或微信定期随访,观察皮瓣的质地、颜色、外形及美观.结果 皮瓣顺利成活19例,术后第1天出现动脉栓塞2例,经手术探查后血管再通畅,皮瓣完全成活,皮瓣远端少许坏死1例,经换药后愈合.随访时间3～15个月,平均10.5个月,皮瓣色泽良好,质地可,外形美观,供区美容缝合后仅留线性瘢痕.根据手外科上肢功能评定标准进行评定:优16例,良6例.结论 旋髂浅动脉为血供的分叶皮瓣供区隐蔽,穿支较恒定,易于解剖,可以携带多个穿支,形成分叶皮瓣,修复手部多个创面,具有良好的临床疗效.     

Establishment and Evaluation of a Simplified Evaluation System of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Purpose

In recent years, a variety of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) evaluation systems have been developed worldwide; however, they are not so convenient for the doctors clinically, we decided to establish and evaluate a simplified evaluation system of ARDS (SESARDS).

Materials and Methods

Data from 140 ARDS patients (derivation data set) were collected to screen for prognostic factors affecting outcomes in ARDS patients. By logistic regression analysis, scores were allocated to corresponding intervals of the variables, respectively, by means of analysis of the frequency distribution to establish a preliminary scoring system. Based on this primary scoring system, a definitive evaluation scheme was created through consultation with a panel of experts. The scores for the validation data set (92 cases) were assigned and calculated by their predictive mortality with the SESARDS and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II). The performance of SESARDS was compared with that of APACHE II by means of statistical analysis.

Results

The factors of age, pH, Glasgow coma scale (GCS), oxygenation index (OI), and the lobes of lung were associated with prognosis of ARDS respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of SESARDS for the validation data set were 96.43% and 58.33%, respectively. On the AUC, no significant difference between APACHE II and SESARDS was detected. There were no significant differences between the prediction and the actuality obtained by SESARDS for the validation data set the SESARDS scores were positively correlated with the actual mortality.

Conclusion

SESARDS was shown to be simple, accurate and effective in predicting ARDS progression.     

Increased regional homogeneity modulated by metacognitive training predicts therapeutic efficacy in patients with schizophrenia

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience - Previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of metacognitive training (MCT) in schizophrenia. However, the underlying mechanisms...     

The effect of surfactants on hydrate particle agglomeration in liquid hydrocarbon continuous systems: a molecular dynamics simulation study

Anti-agglomerants (AAs), both natural and commercial, are currently being considered for gas hydrate risk management of petroleum pipelines in offshore operations. However, the molecular mechanisms of the interaction between the AAs and gas hydrate surfaces and the prevention of hydrate agglomeration remain critical and complex questions that need to be addressed to advance this technology. Here, we use molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the effect of model surfactant molecules (polynuclear aromatic carboxylic acids) on the agglomeration behaviour of gas hydrate particles and disruption of the capillary liquid bridge between hydrate particles. The results show that the anti-agglomeration pathway can be divided into two processes: the spontaneous adsorption effect of surfactant molecules onto the hydrate surface and the weakening effect of the intensity of the liquid bridge between attracted hydrate particles. The MD simulation results also indicate that the anti-agglomeration effectiveness of surfactants is determined by the intrinsic nature of their molecular functional groups. Additionally, we find that surfactant molecules can affect hydrate growth, which decreases hydrate particle size and correspondingly lower the risk of hydrate agglomeration. This study provides molecular-level insights into the anti-agglomeration mechanism of surfactant molecules, which can aid in the ultimate application of natural or commercial AAs with optimal anti-agglomeration properties.

Schematic of anti-agglomeration effect of surfactants promoting gas hydrate particle dispersion.     

A qualitative study of caring in hospice wards in Shanghai

Despite the large number of people with cancer who need hospice care, utilization rates at community hospice service in Shanghai are low. This study aimed to review the care provided in these hospice wards and examine the difficulties in delivering service. Fourteen hospice care providers were interviewed, and the data analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Three themes emerged from the interviews: (i) characteristics of hospice patients, mostly cancer patients at the end‐of‐life stage (within 3‐months of life expectancy) who were admitted without awareness of their condition; (ii) components of care, from physicians and nurses who focused mainly on physical problems as psycho‐spiritual care stagnated at a superficial level; and (iii) difficulties in care, including a lack of patients as well as inadequacies in service, along with suggestions for the future. Efforts at improvement should be made in both the health care system and society. To address the lack of patients, doctors in secondary/tertiary care hospitals need improved skills in discussing end‐of‐life care, while the general public needs better awareness and acceptance of hospice care. Solutions should respect the perspective of patients and their families, while hospice care providers must also enhance their skills of communication and psycho‐spiritual care.     

Linear quadratic regulator control of multi‐agent systems

This paper considers a collection of agents performing a shared task making use of relative information communicated over an information network. The designed suboptimal controllers are state feedback and static output feedback, which are guaranteed to provide a certain level of performance in terms of a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) cost. Because of the convexity of the LQR performance region, the suboptimal LQR control problem with state feedback is reduced to the solution of two inequalities, with the minimum and maximum eigenvalues of the Laplacian matrix as the coefficients. The advantage of the method is that the LQR control problem of network multi‐agent systems can be converted into the LQR control of a set of single‐agent systems, and the structure constraint on the feedback gain matrix can be eliminated. It can be shown that the size of the LQR control problem will not increase according to the number of the node in the fairly general framework. The method can be extended to the synthesis of the static output feedback, which is derived from the weighting matrices in LQR. Through some coordinate transformation and the augmentation of the output matrix, the LQR synthesis is provided on the basis of the output measurements of the adjacent agents. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the proposed method. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.