The disease characteristics of patients both with IgA nephropathy and diabetes mellitus

Objective To sum up and analyze the clinical and pathological characteristics in patients with both IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and diabetes mellitus. Methods A total of 500 patients were recruited, including 25 patients with both IgAN and diabetes mellitus, and 475 patients with IgAN only, who were diagnosed by renal-biopsy during Jan 2015 to Jan 2017 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. The clinical and pathological data were collected and analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Propensity Score Matching was used to match and select the patients in the both groups, and thereafter the depth of the basement membrane from the matched patients were compared using electron microscopy. The data of the patients whose follow-up time was ≥3 months were retrospectively collected, and Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare the difference of the prognosis. Results Compared to the patients with IgAN only, patients with both IgAN and diabetes mellitus were older [(46.36±13.49) years vs (34.00±13.80) years, P＜0.001], had higher level of serum triglyceride [2.06(1.52, 3.11) mmol/L vs 1.51(1.01, 2.25) mmol/L, P=0.012] and thicker basement membrane [(384.33±61.20) nm vs (346.72±52.65) nm, P=0.044]. The patients with both IgAN and diabetes mellitus were more prone to reach the composite endpoint [4/7(57.14%) vs 25/265(9.33%), P＜0.001] and had worse prognosis (Log-Rank test, P=0.004). Conclusions IgAN patients with diabetes mellitus have different clinical, pathological characteristics and prognosis from patients with IgAN alone. These patients need to be closely monitored and actively treated.     

Ultrasonic Cavitation-Enabled Treatment for Therapy of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Proof of Principle

Ultrasound myocardial cavitation-enabled treatment was applied to the SS-16^BN rat model of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy for proof of the principle underlying myocardial reduction therapy. A focused ultrasound transducer was targeted using 10-MHz imaging (10 S, GE Vivid 7) to the left ventricular wall of anesthetized rats in a warmed water bath. Pulse bursts of 4-MPa peak rarefactional pressure amplitude were intermittently triggered 1:8 heartbeats during a 10-min infusion of a microbubble suspension. Methylprednisolone was given to reduce initial inflammation, and Losartan was given to reduce fibrosis in the healing tissue. At 28 d post therapy, myocardial cavitation-enabled treatment significantly reduced the targeted wall thickness by 16.2% (p?<0.01) relative to shams, with myocardial strain rate and endocardial displacement reduced by 34% and 29%, respectively, which are sufficient for therapeutic treatment. Premature electrocardiogram complexes and plasma troponin measurements were found to identify optimal and suboptimal treatment cohorts and would aid in achieving the desired impact. With clinical translation, myocardial cavitation-enabled treatment should fill the need for a new non-invasive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy therapy option.     

PACAP38 improves airway epithelial barrier destruction induced by house dust mites allergen

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the mechanism of PACAP38 on house dust mite (HDM)-induced asthmatic airway epithelial barrier destruction.MethodsThe HDM-induced asthma mice model and 16HBE cell model was established respectively. The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELSIA), cell count and immunohistochemical assay were performed on mice in control group, HDM group and PACAP38 + HDM group.The cAMP/PKA activity, p-CREB and total CREB expression, TEER and the FITC-DX were investigated on cells in control-16HBE group, HDM-16HBE group and PACAP38 + HDM-16HBE group.ResultsThe levels of IL-4 and IL-5 in the HDM group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05), while the above indexes in the PACAP38 + HDM group were lower than those in the HDM group (P < 0.05). E-cadherin, β-catenin, ZO-1 and occludin in the control group were highly immunoreactive in airway epithelial cells, whereas connexin staining was attenuated after HDM induction. The TEER level, cAMP levels and PKA activity were decreased, while FITC-DX transmittance was increased in HDM-16HBE group (P < 0.05) compared with the control-16HBE group.ConclusionPACAP38 could reduce the airway inflammation, weaken the AJC protein heterotopia and activate cAMP/PKA signaling pathway in HDM-induced asthma, which indicate that PACAP38 may be an important contributor in HDM-induced asthma.     

富集自体骨髓干细胞移植与髓芯减压治疗缺血性股骨头坏死患者血清成纤维细胞生长因子2、缺氧诱导因子1α、血管内皮生长因子的变化

背景：缺血性股骨头坏死以股骨头血液供应不足为主要病因。髓芯减压术属于临床常用治疗手段,有研究发现采用自体骨髓干细胞移植能较好地改善髋关节功能,二者联合应用可促使患者尽早恢复。 目的：观察自体骨髓干细胞移植联合髓芯减压治疗早期缺血性股骨头坏死的疗效以及血清成纤维细胞生长因子2、缺氧诱导因子1α、血管内皮生长因子水平。 方法：选取2016年1月至2018年1月收治的62例早期缺血性股骨头坏死患者进行研究,参照随机数字表法分为研究组(n=31)和对照组(n=31),对照组给予细针多孔道髓芯减压术治疗,研究组在对照组基础上联合自体骨髓干细胞移植治疗,观察两组患者治疗前后Harris评分、目测类比评分、血清成纤维细胞生长因子2、缺氧诱导因子1α、血管内皮生长因子水平及不良反应发生情况。 结果与结论：①两组患者治疗后3,6,12个月Harris评分均高于治疗前(P < 0.05),研究组高于对照组(P < 0.05);②两组患者治疗后3,6,12个月目测类比评分均低于治疗前(P < 0.05),研究组治疗后3,6个月目测类比评分低于对照组(P < 0.05);③两组患者治疗后3,6,12个月血清成纤维细胞生长因子2水平高于治疗前(P < 0.05),研究组高于对照组(P < 0.05);缺氧诱导因子1α、血管内皮生长因子水平明显低于治疗前(P < 0.05),研究组低于对照组(P < 0.05);④两组患者治疗后不良反应发生率比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);⑤结果表明自体骨髓干细胞移植联合髓芯减压治疗早期缺血性股骨头坏死,可有效改善髋关节功能,促进股骨头坏死区修复,减轻患者疼痛,提高成纤维细胞生长因子2水平,降低缺氧诱导因子1α、血管内皮生长因子水平。 ORCID: 0000-0001-9884-7530(张景义) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程     

无菌部位金黄色葡萄球菌耐药性及分子流行病学特征

目的:了解无菌部位分离的金黄色葡萄球菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药性及分子流行病学特征,为临床预防和控制其感染以及合理使用抗菌药物提供实验依据。方法:收集2011年8月至2012年6月某三甲医院无菌部位分离的非重复金黄色葡萄球菌50株。VITEK-2微生物分析系统进行菌株鉴定,PCR检测耐甲氧西林的金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)杀白细胞毒素(PVL)基因,多重PCR对MRSA进行SCCmec基因分型。结果:在18种抗菌药物中,青霉素和红霉素的耐药率最高,分别为90.0%和62.0%;尚无对万古霉素、替加环素、替考拉宁、利奈唑胺、达托霉素的耐药菌株。50株金葡菌中,MRSA 15株(30.0%),MSSA35株(70.0%),MRSA对12种抗菌药物的敏感率明显低于MSSA。15株MRSA中,SCCmecⅢ型11株(73.3%),SCCmecⅣ型4株(26.7%),PVL基因扩增均为阴性。结论:该院无菌部位分离的金黄色葡萄球菌以MSSA为主;MRSA对抗菌药物呈多重耐药性,且以SCCmecⅢ型为主。     

Flexible electric-double-layer thin film transistors based on a vertical InGaZnO4 channel

Flexible electric-double-layer (EDL) thin film transistors (TFTs) based on a vertical InGaZnO₄ (IGZO) channel are fabricated at room temperature. Such TFTs show a low operation voltage of 1.0 V due to the large specific gate capacitance of 3.8 μF cm⁻² related to electric-double-layer formation. The threshold voltage, drain current on/off ratio and subthreshold swing are estimated to be −0.1 V, 1.2 × 10⁶ and 80 mV per decade, respectively. The combination of low voltage, high current on-to-off ratio and room temperature processing make the flexible vertical-IGZO-channel TFTs very promising for low-power portable flexible electronics applications.

Flexible electric-double-layer (EDL) thin film transistors (TFTs) based on a vertical InGaZnO₄ (IGZO) channel are fabricated at room temperature.     

Comparative study of electroacupuncture and moxibustion in influencing Tianshu (ST 25) regions mast cells in visceral hyperalgesia rats

Objective

To evaluate and compare electroacupunctures (EA) with different parameters and moxibustion at different temperatures influencing the activation of mast cells (MC) in Tianshu (ST 25) regions of visceral hyperalgesia model rats.

Methods

Rats (except for model group) respectively accepted 1 mA or 3 mA EA or moxibustion at 43 °C or 4 °C to stimulate Tianshu (ST 25) points after randomization of the fifty visceral hyperalgesia model rats, and then were compared with that in model and normal groups. Number, degranulation numbers, degranulation rates in Tianshu (ST 25) regions MC of rats in each group were observed using toluidine blue staining. Abdominal withdrawl reflex (AWR) score was used to evaluate the rat visceral hyperalgesia reactions.

Results

Compared with the normal group and the model group, MC numbers (P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.01, P<0.01), degranulation numbers and degranulation rates (P<0.01, P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.01) of Tianshu (ST 25) MC in regions tissues in 43 °C and 4 °C moxibustion groups, and 1 mA and 3 mA EA groups all increased significantly. Compared with the model group, AWR scores were significantly lower in 43 °C and 4 °C moxibustion groups, and 1 mA and 3 mA EA groups under the stimulation of 20 mmHg, 40 mmHg, 0 mmHg or 80 mmHg colorectal distension (CRD) (P<0.05 in 1 mA and 3 mA EA groups under the stimulation of 20 mmHg, P<0.01 in the other groups). AWR scores in 43 °C and 4 °C oxibustion groups under the stimulation of 20 mmHg, 40 mmHg, 0 mmHg or 80 mmHg CRD were not significantly different from those in the normal group (all P>0.05); AWR scores in 1 mA EA group under the stimulation of 0 mmHg or 80 mmHg were significantly higher than that in the normal group (P<0.01); AWR score in 3 mA EA group under the stimulation of 0 mmHg was significantly higher than that in the normal group (P<0.01), and AWR scores in 3 mA EA group under the stimulation of 20 mmHg or 80 mmHg were also higher than that in the normal group (P<0.05). AWR scores were higher in 1 mA EA group under the stimulation of 40 mmHg or 80 mmHg than that in 4 °C moxibustion group (P<0.05); AWR score was higher in 3 mA EA group under the stimulation of 40 mmHg than that in 4 °C moxibustion group (P<0.05).

Conclusion

There are differences among EA of different parameters and moxibustion of different temperatures in activating on Tianshu (ST 25) regions MC of visceral hyperalgesia model rats, as well as in improving the visceral hyperalgesia reaction. The effect of 4 °C moxibustion is the most significant.

     

高渗盐水联合丹参预处理对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用研究

目的:研究高渗盐水联合丹参预处理对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用及作用机制。方法:将75只健康雄性SD大鼠(体重230g左右),随机分为5组,每组15只:假手术组(Ⅰ组)、缺血再灌注组(Ⅱ组)、高渗盐水预处理组(Ⅲ组)、丹参预处理组(Ⅳ组)和高渗盐水联合丹参预处理组(Ⅴ组)。分别建立大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注模型,观察肝脏缺血30min再灌注6h后血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平并观察肝组织病理学改变。结果:Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组血清中ALT、AST、LDH和TNFα-含量明显高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05);Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组明显低于Ⅱ组(P<0.05);Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组明显高于Ⅴ组(P<0.05);Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组之间差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。肝组织病理学损害:Ⅰ组最轻,Ⅱ组最重,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组次之,Ⅴ组轻于Ⅲ、Ⅳ组。结论:高渗盐水、丹参预处理对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤均具有保护作用,2种药联合应用效果更好。     

舒筋活络洗剂治疗骨折后关节挛缩的临床研究

为客观评价舒筋活络洗剂治疗骨折后关节挛缩的作用及不良反应.将100例骨折后关节挛缩的患者随机均分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组用舒筋活络洗剂,对照组有红花油,分别于用药后3、5、7天进行评分,并将评分结果统计分析.结果显示:①治疗组显愈率为88.00%,对照组显愈率为54.00%,两组比较(P《0.01),治疗组对于症候的改善作用优于对照组;②舒筋活络洗剂无毒副作用.表明舒筋活络洗剂是治疗骨折后关节挛缩有效而且安全的药物.     

"方证对应"研究的思考

“方证对应”强调有是证用是方，是用以探讨临床处方用药应用规律的方法之一，起源于《伤寒论》，经过历代医家的发挥与实践，渐趋成熟和完善。随着中医药现代化研究的不断深入，运用现代医学、生物学、电子信息技术等多种新学科方法进行中医药研究成为重要趋势，分析总结了“方证对应”研究的历史与现状，提出应该将数据挖掘技术引入方证对应研究，以期揭示方与证之间的规律，为提高临床水平服务。