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The role that interferon-γ (IFNγ) plays during herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK) has not been definitively determined. In primary HSK most reports suggest that IFNγ may help control viral replication and contribute to corneal pathology. However, its role in recurrent HSK has not been directly addressed. The present study addresses its role in recurrent HSK by comparing HSK in latently infected normal and IFNγ gene knockout (GKO) on the C57BL/6 background. We initially evaluated HSK following primary infection and observed that GKO mice had higher tear film virus titers, but virtually identical ocular disease as normal mice. In contrast, following reactivation of latent virus, GKO mice had a greater incidence and severity of opacity, neovascularization, and blepharitis. Interestingly, the incidence of reactivation after UV-B exposure was equivalent in GKO and normal mice, but virus shedding was increased in the GKO groups. We also observed diminished delayed-type hypersensitivity responses in GKO mice, as expected. These data indicate that IFNγ is important for the control of virus replication in both primary and recurrent ocular HSV infection in C57BL/6 mice. The enhanced recurrent disease seen in GKO mice may be the result of increased viral titers and persistence in these mice which act to prolong the stimulation of an inflammatory response. 相似文献
63.
A joint modeling and estimation method for multivariate longitudinal data with mixed types of responses to analyze physical activity data generated by accelerometers 下载免费PDF全文
Haocheng Li Yukun Zhang Raymond J. Carroll Sarah Kozey Keadle Joshua N. Sampson Charles E. Matthews 《Statistics in medicine》2017,36(25):4028-4040
A mixed effect model is proposed to jointly analyze multivariate longitudinal data with continuous, proportion, count, and binary responses. The association of the variables is modeled through the correlation of random effects. We use a quasi‐likelihood type approximation for nonlinear variables and transform the proposed model into a multivariate linear mixed model framework for estimation and inference. Via an extension to the EM approach, an efficient algorithm is developed to fit the model. The method is applied to physical activity data, which uses a wearable accelerometer device to measure daily movement and energy expenditure information. Our approach is also evaluated by a simulation study. 相似文献
64.
OBJECTIVE: To determine if sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, risk assessment, and education tools provided as part of office-based primary care reduce adolescent risky sexual behaviors. DESIGN: A randomized intervention trial with 3- and 9-month follow-up. SETTING: Five staff-model managed care sites in Washington, DC (n = 19 pediatricians). PATIENTS: Consecutive 12- to 15-year-olds receiving a general health examination; 81% minority. Participation rate = 215/432 (50%). Nine-month follow-up rate = 197/215 (92%). INTERVENTION: Audiotaped STD risk assessment and education about staying safe (safer = condoms, safest = abstinence). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Adolescent-reported sexual intercourse and condom use. RESULTS: More intervention adolescents reported pediatrician discussion on 11/13 sexual topics. Although more vaginal intercourse (odds ratio [OR] = 2.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04-5.84) was reported in the intervention group at 3 months, this was not true of overall sexual intercourse (OR = 1.55, 95% CI =.73-3.32). More sexually active adolescents reported condom use in the intervention group at 3 months (OR = 18.05, 95% CI = 1.27-256.03). At 9 months, there were no group differences in sexual behaviors; however, more signs of STD were reported by the control (7/103) than the intervention group (0/94). CONCLUSIONS: STD risk assessment and education tools administered in a single office visit facilitated STD/HIV prevention education. Any impact on sexual activity and condom use was short-lived. Further research is needed to develop brief, office-based sexual risk reduction for young adolescents. 相似文献
65.
Increased frequency of recognition of delipidated versus intact CNS myelin in multiple sclerosis and control subjects. 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
J L Trotter T L Keadle J M Lauber W L Dong A H Cross 《Journal of the neurological sciences》1999,166(1):23-27
The proliferative response of mononuclear cells from MS patients and normal control subjects to intact and delipidated myelin membranes was examined. The mean frequency of recognition in both groups of human subjects was greater for delipidated myelin than for intact myelin. Human T cell lines established using intact or delipidated myelin as the antigen were highly heterogeneous in response, and were each able to recognize myelin basic protein and myelin proteolipid protein peptides. However, there was no difference in the frequency of recognition of either form of myelin membrane when MS patients were compared to control subjects. Our results suggest that the presentation of delipidated forms of membrane proteins might enhance the response to myelin antigens in vivo, and be relevant to demyelinating diseases. 相似文献
66.
目的:确定塞来昔布对于经常服用稳定剂量甲氨喋呤(MTX)治疗类风湿性关节炎(RA)患者的肾脏清除率和血浆药代动力学方面的影响。方法:选取14例至少已服用MTX3个月,且每个星期的剂量稳定在5-15mg,有类风湿关节炎的成年妇女,随机给予塞来昔布(200mg.bid)或安慰剂单盲治疗,每一阶段7,分二阶段交叉试验,研究MTX的药代动力学和肾脏平均清除率。结果:当MTX和塞来昔布或安慰剂合用时,MTX 相似文献
67.
Relationship between skin fold thickness and insulin resistance in the essential hypertensive patients in Vietnam 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Toan C Nguyen Khoa TA Pham Quyen TL Do Cuong T Nguyen Diep D Nguyen Vinh G Le Cong D Nguyen 《老年心脏病学杂志》2005,2(4):228-232
Background Previous studies reported a close relationship between obesity and insulin resistance in the essential hypertensive patients. Objective In this study, we examined the relationship between the skin fold thickness and insulin resistance then developed a formula to estimate the insulin resistance index according to the skin fold thickness in the essential hypertensive patients. Subjects and Methods Medical records of 80 patients (37 males, 43 females) were reviewed and the data were tabulated. Anthropometric indexes (including height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, and skins fold thickness at 5 fatty difference points on the Erdheim diagram), fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentration were recorded. The mean age was 57.0 ?9.2 years. The insulin resistance index was calculated following the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) formula. Results Compared with the group with BMI < 23 kg/m2, the group with BMI≥23 kg/m2 had higher fasting insulin concentration (8.85±4.97 pmol/L vs 15.60±8.70 pmol/L, P<0.001 ) and higher insulin resistance index in ( 2.15±1,24 vs 3.76±2.22, P<0.001). No significant difference in fasting plasma insulin concentration, insulin resistance index between male and female was observed (P > 0.05). There was a positive correlation between skin fold thickness and the fasting insulin concentration and insulin resistance index. The skin fold thickness at point A8 had the best coefficient correlated with fasting plasma insulin(r=0.79, P < 0.001) and insulin resistance index (r= 0.79, P < 0.001). A formula to estimate the insulin resistance index by skin fold thickness at point A8 as: Insulin resistance index = 0.12×[skin fold thickness at A8 point (mm)] - 1. Conclusion: In the essential hypertensive patients, the formula to estimate insulin resistance index as 0.12×[skin fold thickness at A8 point (mm)]-1 may predict accurately the level of insulin resistance. (J Geriatr Cardiol 2005; 2(4):228-232 ) 相似文献
68.
69.
Association of long‐term glycaemic control on tear break‐up times and dry eye symptoms in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes 下载免费PDF全文
Andre Ma BA Martin SY Mak Kendrick Co Shih FCOphth Claudia KY Tsui MSc Rachel KY Cheung Sherman H Lee Hubert Leung Joyce NS Leung Jason TH Leung Marco Z Van‐Boswell Michael TL Wong Alex Lap‐Ki Ng FRCS Chi‐Ho Lee FHKCP Vishal Jhanji FRCS Louis Tong FRCS PhD 《Clinical & experimental ophthalmology》2018,46(6):608-615
70.
Schuler PJ Trellakis S Greve J Bas M Bergmann C Bölke E Lehnerdt G Mattheis S Albers AE Brandau S Lang S Whiteside TL Bier H Hoffmann TK 《European journal of medical research》2010,15(8):337-344