基于剪切波变换的医学图像融合算法

剪切波变换是一种新颖的多尺度几何分析工具,具有多分辨率、多方向性、效率较高等优点,比小波变换、曲波变换、轮廓波变换等图像表示方法有独特有的优势.基于剪切波变换提出一种医学图像融合算法,先将原始图像通过剪切波变换分解为低频子带图像和高频方向子带图像,然后采用非负矩阵分解方法融合低频子带系数,再通过深入研究人类视觉系统的特性提出最大视觉能量对比度方法,利用局部对比度和局部区域的能量和进行高频方向子带系数的融合,最后通过剪切波逆变换得到融合图像.两组实验均显示所提出的融合方法在与其余3种融合方法的比较中,采用的5项客观评价指标均有4项指标达到最优值,证明所提出的方法获取的融合图像效果最好.     

异氟醚激活ERK和HIF-1α产生对神经元缺氧无糖损伤的保护作用

目的　探讨异氟醚预处理在对大鼠皮层神经元缺氧损伤中的保护作用及其可能机制。 方法　建立原代培养的大鼠皮层神经元缺氧无糖损伤（OGD）模型,采用MTT法观察异氟醚对神经元OGD损伤的保护作用,Western blot检测磷酸化ERK（pERK）和低氧诱导因子(HIF)-1α蛋白表达。 结果　异氟醚预处理显著增加OGD损伤神经元中HIF-1α的蛋白含量,ERK抑制剂PD98059可以部分阻断这种作用。 结论　异氟醚预处理对于大鼠原代皮层神经元OGD损伤具有明显的保护效果。其机制可能与通过增加pERK表达,进而调节HIF-1α的表达有关。     

128层螺旋CT联合心电门控技术在支气管动脉成像中的应用

目的：探讨128层螺旋CT联合心电门控扫描技术在支气管动脉成像中的临床应用价值。方法：回顾性分析我院124例次胸部CT血管成像（CTA）数据,其中72例次行常规胸部CTA扫描数据列入对照组,52例次采用心电门控技术扫描数据列入观察组,对比分析观察两组支气管动脉的开口位置、走行、与相邻组织之间的解剖关系以及支气管动脉显示的清晰度。结果：对照组中33．33％（24／72）支气管动脉显示较清晰,58．33％（42／72）支气管动脉显示模糊,8．33％（6／72）没有发现支气管动脉;观察组52例次支气管动脉全部显示,其中86．54％（45／52）支气管动脉显示清晰,13．46％（7／52）支气管动脉显示模糊。结论：128层螺旋CT联合心电门控扫描技术与常规胸部血管成像相比,能更清晰地显示支气管动脉开口位置、形态、走行及其与相邻组织的关系,对支气管动脉源性疾病的治疗,特别是介入治疗术前评估有重要的临床应用价值。     

163例腹腔镜下结肠癌根治术的疗效分析

目的 探讨163例腹腔镜下结肠癌根治术的短期和长期疗效.方法 回顾性分析我院2004年6月至2009年6月收治的344例结肠癌患者的临床资料,按手术方式的不同分为2组,163例行腹腔镜下结肠癌根治术为腹腔镜组,181例行开腹根治术为开腹组,比较2组患者的短期手术疗效、局部复发率、远处转移率、穿刺口和切口的种植转移率、远期生存率、无瘤生存率.结果 2组患者在手术时间、切缘情况、清除淋巴结数、临床分期、病理分级、局部复发率、种植转移率、远处转移率、无瘤生存率及总生存率方面的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),在切口总长度、术中出血量、术后并发症、术后下床活动时间、住院时间方面,腹腔镜治疗组优于开腹治疗组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 腹腔镜结肠癌根治术具有安全、创伤小、术后恢复快等特点,其短期和长期疗效与开腹手术相当,可广泛应用于结肠癌的治疗.     

超选择栓塞治疗损伤性肾出血的临床价值

目的探讨超选择栓塞治疗损伤性肾出血的临床疗效。方法对7例经皮肾镜取石术后肾出血患者,经Seldinger技术穿刺股动脉,行肾动脉造影证实为肾动脉损伤后,使用明胶海绵条进行超选择肾动脉栓塞治疗。结果 7例经肾动脉造影明确诊断为肾动脉假性动脉瘤,栓塞后即刻止血,无并发症发生。随访3-24月,平均9月,无血尿复发患者。结论超选择肾动脉栓塞术能最大程度保留肾脏功能,是一种安全、有效且微创的止血手段。     

DEN2对鼠源性DC TLR7、MyD88、NF-κB的表达与细胞因子分泌的影响

目的:观察登革2型病毒(DEN2)感染鼠源性DC后TLR7、MyD88、NF-κB的表达及IFN-α、IP-10的分泌变化,探讨MyD88依赖型信号通路在DEN2感染中的作用.方法:rmGM-CSF和rmIL-4联合诱导C57BL/6小鼠骨髓源性树突状细胞(BMDC),常规方法增殖鉴定DEN2,利用DEN2(MOI =0.4)感染BMDC,直接免疫荧光检测DEN2吸附鼠源性BMDC:Western blot检测感染后不同时间TLR7、MyD88、NF-κB蛋白表达.双抗体夹心ELISA法检测感染后不同时间细胞培养上清IP-10、IFN-α的水平,RT-PCR检测相应时间点被感染DC内DEN2 NS5核酸水平.结果:rmGM-CSF和rmIL-4联合诱导C57BL/6小鼠BMDC,5天后获得纯度为70％的相对未成熟DC;与对照组相比DEN2感染BMDC后24小时TLR7、MyD88、NF-κB的表达升高;48小时TLR7表达低于正常对照组,但MyD88、NF-κB的表达高于正常对照组;72小时DEN2感染组TLR7、MyD88、NF-κB的表达均较前降低,且TLR7、MyD88的表达低于正常对照组.DEN2感染组细胞培养上清IFN-α、IP-10的水平明显高于正常对照组,IFN-α逐渐升高,72小时分泌量达最高,可分泌(933.94 ±29.02) pg/ml; IP-10在48小时分泌达高峰,分泌量为(834.44 ±43.60) pg/ml,结果具有统计学意义(P＜0.05),且被感染DC内DEN2 NS5病毒核酸水平48小时达最高,72小时有所降低.结论:DEN2可影响小鼠BMDC TLR7、MyD88、NF-κB的表达,促进其分泌IFN-α、IP-10进而影响病毒复制.     

Risk assessment on the epidemics of human infection with a novel avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in Jiangsu Province, China

A novel avian influenza A (H7N9) virus was discovered in February 2013 in China and has resulted in more than 100 comfirmed human infections including 26 fatal cases as of May 2, 2013. The situation raises many urgent questions and global public health concerns. In this study, epidemiologic characteristics of infected human cases in Jiangsu province were analyzed and risk assessment was undertaken based on the information available. Briefly, it is highly unlikely that a pandemic of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus will happen in Jiangsu Province in the near future. In the end, some measures are recommended to prevent the situation from becoming worse.     

The effect of bioengineered acellular collagen patch on cardiac remodeling and ventricular function post myocardial infarction

Regeneration of the damaged myocardium is one of the most challenging fronts in the field of tissue engineering due to the limited capacity of adult heart tissue to heal and to the mechanical and structural constraints of the cardiac tissue. In this study we demonstrate that an engineered acellular scaffold comprising type I collagen, endowed with specific physiomechanical properties, improves cardiac function when used as a cardiac patch following myocardial infarction. Patches were grafted onto the infarcted myocardium in adult murine hearts immediately after ligation of left anterior descending artery and the physiological outcomes were monitored by echocardiography, and by hemodynamic and histological analyses four weeks post infarction. In comparison to infarcted hearts with no treatment, hearts bearing patches preserved contractility and significantly protected the cardiac tissue from injury at the anatomical and functional levels. This improvement was accompanied by attenuated left ventricular remodeling, diminished fibrosis, and formation of a network of interconnected blood vessels within the infarct. Histological and immunostaining confirmed integration of the patch with native cardiac cells including fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, epicardial cells, and immature cardiomyocytes. In summary, an acellular biomaterial with specific biomechanical properties promotes the endogenous capacity of the infarcted myocardium to attenuate remodeling and improve heart function following myocardial infarction.     

电针上调脊髓损伤后大鼠c-fos mRNA及其蛋白的表达

目的:探讨电针对大鼠脊髓损伤后c-fos mRNA及蛋白表达的影响.方法:将SD雄性大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组和电针组,采用改良Allen氏重物坠落法制成脊髓损伤模型.分别在1、2、3、5和7d处死动物,使用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测c-fos mRNA表达;使用免疫组织化学显色结合图像定量分析方法检测c-fos蛋白表达.结果:实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,模型组c-fos mRNA表达呈现升高趋势,电针能够促进这种趋势,在术后1d和3d与模型组比较,差异具有统计学意义.免疫组织化学结合图像分析结果显示,模型组c-fos蛋白表达升高趋势较为明显,电针促进这种趋势,且在术后2d与模型组比较,差异具有统计学意义.结论:电针能够促进脊髓损伤后大鼠脊髓损伤部cfos mRNA及蛋白的表达.     

β‐Glucan enhances antitumor immune responses by regulating differentiation and function of monocytic myeloid‐derived suppressor cells

Myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) accumulate in tumor‐bearing hosts and play a major role in tumor‐induced immunosuppression, which hampers effective immuno‐therapeutic approaches. β‐Glucans have been reported to function as potent immuno‐modulators to stimulate innate and adaptive immune responses, which contributes to their antitumor property. Here, we investigated the effect of particulate β‐glucans on MDSCs and found that β‐glucan treatment could promote the differentiation of M‐MDSCs (monocytic MDSCs) into a more mature CD11c⁺ F4/80⁺ Ly6C^low population via dectin‐1 pathway in vitro, which is NF‐κB dependent, and the suppressive function of M‐MDSCs was significantly decreased. Treatment of orally administered yeast‐derived particulate β‐glucan drastically downregulated MDSCs but increased the infiltrated DCs and macrophages in tumor‐bearing mice, thus eliciting CTL and Th1 responses, inhibiting the suppressive activity of regulatory T cells, thereby leading to the delayed tumor progression. We show here for the first time that β‐glucans induce the differentiation of MDSCs and inhibit the regulatory function of MDSCs, therefore revealing a novel mechanism for β‐glucans in immunotherapy and suggesting their potential clinical benefit.