全文获取类型
收费全文 | 9002篇 |
免费 | 471篇 |
国内免费 | 46篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 115篇 |
儿科学 | 142篇 |
妇产科学 | 54篇 |
基础医学 | 1153篇 |
口腔科学 | 218篇 |
临床医学 | 758篇 |
内科学 | 2003篇 |
皮肤病学 | 158篇 |
神经病学 | 561篇 |
特种医学 | 465篇 |
外国民族医学 | 1篇 |
外科学 | 1441篇 |
综合类 | 43篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 201篇 |
眼科学 | 335篇 |
药学 | 658篇 |
中国医学 | 26篇 |
肿瘤学 | 1186篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 43篇 |
2022年 | 104篇 |
2021年 | 187篇 |
2020年 | 106篇 |
2019年 | 144篇 |
2018年 | 210篇 |
2017年 | 146篇 |
2016年 | 182篇 |
2015年 | 191篇 |
2014年 | 255篇 |
2013年 | 285篇 |
2012年 | 428篇 |
2011年 | 442篇 |
2010年 | 252篇 |
2009年 | 227篇 |
2008年 | 418篇 |
2007年 | 436篇 |
2006年 | 444篇 |
2005年 | 392篇 |
2004年 | 448篇 |
2003年 | 413篇 |
2002年 | 403篇 |
2001年 | 304篇 |
2000年 | 285篇 |
1999年 | 254篇 |
1998年 | 110篇 |
1997年 | 87篇 |
1996年 | 77篇 |
1995年 | 73篇 |
1994年 | 78篇 |
1993年 | 66篇 |
1992年 | 182篇 |
1991年 | 167篇 |
1990年 | 182篇 |
1989年 | 172篇 |
1988年 | 163篇 |
1987年 | 118篇 |
1986年 | 106篇 |
1985年 | 140篇 |
1984年 | 93篇 |
1983年 | 70篇 |
1982年 | 42篇 |
1981年 | 37篇 |
1980年 | 42篇 |
1979年 | 68篇 |
1978年 | 48篇 |
1975年 | 36篇 |
1971年 | 37篇 |
1970年 | 41篇 |
1969年 | 40篇 |
排序方式: 共有9519条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Spondylolysis after posterior decompression of the lumbar spine: 35 patients followed for 3-9 years 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Radiographs were examined in 35 patients who had had posterior decompression without fusion of the lumbar spine. Spondylolysis was found in 10 patients. Segmental range of motion, degree of vertebral slippage and width of decompression were analyzed by radiography. There was greater vertebral slippage after surgery in patients with postoperative spondylolysis than in those without spondylolysis. We conclude that excessive bony decompression may cause postoperative spondylolysis. 相似文献
52.
Three-tiered system dividing supratentorial astrocytic neoplasms into the astrocytoma, anaplastic (malignant) astrocytoma and the glioblastoma multiforme has been widely used. However, the pathology of anaplastic astrocytoma is defined in different ways according to different classifications. A total of 42 biopsy specimens from 35 cases diagnosed as anaplastic astrocytoma were reviewed pathologically and their features were correlated with a follow-up clinical study to discuss the prognostic usefulness of the subdivision of anaplastic astrocytoma. In WHO classification, anaplastic astrocytoma is defined as "astrocytoma containing areas of anaplasia". Follow-up study of 7 cases with the histology as such revealed that 5 cases had survived more than one year and seven months. The other 28 cases showed a varied histology and were subclassified into an astrocytoma in which moderately anaplastic cells are found throughout the tumor, an astrocytoma formed by anaplastic fusiform cells, an astrocytoma composed of predominantly rounded anaplastic cells, and a pleomorphic astrocytoma with or without intracytoplasmic hyaline inclusions. A follow-up study of cases with these types of astrocytoma disclosed death in 15 cases within one year and 7 months following the first surgery and that three cases displayed typical histological features of glioblastoma at autopsy. It is considered that there would be a considerable overlap between the group of anaplastic astrocytoma and that of glioblastoma, if we use the term "anaplastic astrocytoma" in a broader category. 相似文献
53.
54.
55.
Shinohara Y Ezura Y Iwasaki H Nakazawa I Ishida R Nakajima T Kodaira M Kajita M Shiba T Emi M 《Annals of human biology》2002,29(5):579-583
BACKGROUND: Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) is an essential regulator of immune responses and is implicated to relate to several types of disease susceptibilities. Population information on polymorphisms is essential for the study of genetic diseases. AIM: To obtain accurate information about single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TNFalpha gene in the Japanese population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The entire TNFalpha gene was screened for SNPs by directly sequencing 48 chromosomes derived from 24 unrelated Japanese individuals. Allele frequencies of each polymorphism were determined and compared with those previously reported in other populations. RESULTS: Three SNPs, -308G/A at nt -308, IVS1 + 125G/A at nt 492 and IVS3 + 104G/A at nt 1359 were observed, of which one (IVS3 + 104G/A at nt 1359) was novel. In addition, allele frequencies of -308G/A were remarkably different from those presented in the NCBI dbSNP, indicating a significant ethnic difference. CONCLUSIONS: The polymorphisms and allele frequencies obtained in this study will be useful for genetic studies of common diseases such as osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis in the Japanese population. 相似文献
56.
Detection of antibodies to hepatitis C virus (HCV) structural proteins in anti-HCV-positive sera by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using synthetic peptides as antigens. 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6 下载免费PDF全文
C Ishida K Matsumoto K Fukada K Matsushita H Shiraki Y Maeda 《Journal of clinical microbiology》1993,31(4):936-940
We have defined 10 linear immunogenic regions encoded by the putative hepatitis C virus (HCV) structural proteins (core and envelope) by employing an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and by using 17 sequential synthetic peptides covering the N-terminal 330 amino acids of the structural polyproteins as antigens. These peptides correspond to amino acids 1 to 24, 21 to 44, 42 to 68, 64 to 91, and 100 to 120 of the putative core protein and amino acids 192 to 212, 223 to 238, 236 to 258, 250 to 266, and 307 to 330 of the putative envelope protein. In particular, the peptide covering amino acids 21 to 44 of the core protein was reactive with all but one (40 of 41) of the serum samples giving a positive signal in the passive hemagglutination assay (PHA) using the core and nonstructural proteins (NS 3/4) of the virus as antigens. We detected the HCV genome in 25 (61%) of 41 PHA-positive serum samples by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. Of 25 PCR-positive serum samples, 17 serum samples had reactivity to the peptides derived from the envelope protein. On the other hand, only 1 of the 16 PCR-negative serum samples had reactivity to the peptides derived from the envelope protein. Interestingly, we often observed high serum alanine aminotransferase levels in PCR-positive individuals bearing antibodies to the envelope protein. 相似文献
57.
Kazuto Nagata Yasuhiro Nakamura Yoshiaki Hosokawa Teruyuki Nakashima Naoki Nagasue Katsuichi Kabashima Shikoh Hidaka 《Pathology international》1981,31(4):695-699
An autopsy case of pulmonary candidiasis occurring in a neonatal girl was reported. The mycological examination of the lung taken at autopsy revealed only Candida albicans and followed by the elucidation under the microscopic sections prepared with special stains; periodic acid-Schiff and methenamine silver, in the lung, stomach, umbilical cord, and amnion. The presence of Candida vaginitis in her mother supported the concept that Candida albicans was the etiological agent of the pulmonary candidiasis. 相似文献
58.
Kazuo Umetsu Isao Yuasa Takao Yamashita Susumu Saito Tomio Yamaguchi Srinama B. Ellepola Takafumi Ishida Tsuneo Suzuki 《Journal of human genetics》1989,34(3):195-202
The genetic polymorphism of orosomucoid (ORM) and alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein (AHSG) were studied in Thai, Sri Lankan and Paraguayan populations using isoelectric focusing. Gene frequencies in these populations were compared with those in other populations. Four new ORM variants were detected:ORM1
*
15 in Thai,ORM1
*
16 in Paraguayan,ORM2
*
21 andORM2
*
22 in Sri Lankan. 相似文献
59.
Shiro Ohshima Yukihiko Saeki Toru Mima Mitsuko Sasai Katsuhiro Nishioka Hiroshi Ishida Masatoshi Shimizu Masaki Suemura Richard McCloskey Tadamitsu Kishimoto 《Journal of clinical immunology》1999,19(5):305-313
To investigate the mechanism of the long-lasting efficacy of chimeric monoclonal anti-TNF antibody (cA2) therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), eight patients with refractory RA were treated with a single infusion of cA2 and the changes in circulating cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, TNF, and IL-10), soluble cytokine receptors (TNF-RI, RII, and sIL-6R) and peripheral white blood cell (WBC) subset counts were followed up long-term (12 weeks) after cA2 therapy in them. Significant clinical responses (>20% improvement according to Paulus' criteria) were observed just after cA2 infusion and lasted more than 4 weeks in all patients, as reported elsewhere. Moreover, five of the eight patients showed prolonged clinical responses (>12 weeks). The elevated serum IL-6 and sTNF-RI (or RII) levels before treatment rapidly decreased after treatment. The serum IL-10 levels also significantly elevated before treatment. The elevations of serum IL-10 levels were augmented after treatment and stayed higher than the baseline in four patients with prolonged clinical responses. No significant TNF, IL-1 and -, or sIL-6R were detected in the sera of the patients before treatment and during the whole study period. On the other hand, peripheral lymphocytes as well as total WBC and neutrophils increased for 4 weeks after treatment. However, thereafter, only the lymphocyte count decreased gradually and stayed below the baseline long-term (12 weeks). FACS analysis revealed the predominance of T lymphocytes in the decrease in lymphocyte counts. These results suggest that the augmentation of IL-10 production and the decrease in T cells might partly contribute to the long-lasting efficacy of cA2 treatment in RA. 相似文献
60.
Masahiko Kuroda Hajime Horiuchi Teruaki Oka Tsuyoshi Ishida Akira Ono Masao Kawakita Rikuo Machinami 《Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology》1993,423(3):209-213
Ninety-one cases of human bone and soft tissue tumours were studied for calcium pump expression by strepto-avidin-biotin immunohistochemical staining with a monoclonal antibody against sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium-ATPase (mAb6F5). Two out of 5 cases of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, 1 out of 5 cases of biphasic synovial sarcoma, 4 of 4 cases of chordoma and all of 3 chondrosarcoma cases were positive for mAb6F5. Although this novel monoclonal antibody can be used as a marker of myogenic tumours, the present positive result for endoplasmic reticulum calcium-ATPase (calcium pump) in other tumours including chordoma, chondrosarcoma and synovial sarcoma indicates a wider immunoreactivity. The findings further suggest that intracellular calcium may play an important role in cell proliferation and/or differentiation. 相似文献