全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3789篇 |
免费 | 183篇 |
国内免费 | 22篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 27篇 |
儿科学 | 59篇 |
妇产科学 | 35篇 |
基础医学 | 464篇 |
口腔科学 | 88篇 |
临床医学 | 221篇 |
内科学 | 1027篇 |
皮肤病学 | 54篇 |
神经病学 | 331篇 |
特种医学 | 131篇 |
外科学 | 670篇 |
综合类 | 20篇 |
预防医学 | 67篇 |
眼科学 | 96篇 |
药学 | 338篇 |
中国医学 | 6篇 |
肿瘤学 | 360篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 45篇 |
2022年 | 54篇 |
2021年 | 97篇 |
2020年 | 69篇 |
2019年 | 82篇 |
2018年 | 84篇 |
2017年 | 69篇 |
2016年 | 82篇 |
2015年 | 91篇 |
2014年 | 110篇 |
2013年 | 139篇 |
2012年 | 226篇 |
2011年 | 278篇 |
2010年 | 141篇 |
2009年 | 128篇 |
2008年 | 196篇 |
2007年 | 188篇 |
2006年 | 218篇 |
2005年 | 203篇 |
2004年 | 185篇 |
2003年 | 196篇 |
2002年 | 179篇 |
2001年 | 118篇 |
2000年 | 101篇 |
1999年 | 112篇 |
1998年 | 35篇 |
1997年 | 23篇 |
1996年 | 23篇 |
1995年 | 16篇 |
1994年 | 21篇 |
1993年 | 11篇 |
1992年 | 54篇 |
1991年 | 32篇 |
1990年 | 34篇 |
1989年 | 47篇 |
1988年 | 35篇 |
1987年 | 34篇 |
1986年 | 34篇 |
1985年 | 25篇 |
1984年 | 17篇 |
1983年 | 17篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1979年 | 12篇 |
1978年 | 11篇 |
1977年 | 12篇 |
1971年 | 10篇 |
1969年 | 8篇 |
1968年 | 9篇 |
1967年 | 8篇 |
1966年 | 11篇 |
排序方式: 共有3994条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
22.
Isolation of amantadine-resistant influenza a viruses (H3N2) from patients following administration of amantadine in Japan 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of clinical microbiology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Iwahashi J Tsuji K Ishibashi T Kajiwara J Imamura Y Mori R Hara K Kashiwagi T Ohtsu Y Hamada N Maeda H Toyoda M Toyoda T 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2001,39(4):1652-1653
In Japan, the use of amantadine for treatment of influenza A virus infection was not accepted until November 1998, although it was widely used for treatment of Parkinsonism. Since then, we have monitored the emergence of amantadine-resistant viruses and isolated two viruses from patients on long-term treatment with amantadine. 相似文献
23.
Analysis of mRNA with microsomal fractionation using a SAGE-based DNA microarray system facilitates identification of the genes encoding secretory proteins 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Genome research》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Toyoda N Nagai S Terashima Y Motomura K Haino M Hashimoto S Takizawa H Matsushima K 《Genome research》2003,13(7):1728-1736
In the regulation of host defense responses such as inflammation and immunity, the secretory proteins, including membrane proteins, play central roles. Although many secretory proteins have been identified by using methods such as differential display, random screening, or the signal sequence trap method, each method suffers from poor reproducibility, low sensitivity, or time-consuming or laborious work. Therefore, the strategy for facilitating the selection of the genes encoding the secretory proteins is desired. In this paper, we describe a system for isolating the genes encoding secretory proteins by analyzing mRNAs with microsomal fractionation on serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE)-based DNA microarray system. This system succeeded in discriminating the genes encoding secretory proteins from ones encoding nonsecretory proteins with 80% accuracy. We applied this system to human T lymphocytes. As a result, we were able to identify the genes that are not only encoding secretory proteins but also expressing selectively in a specific subset of T lymphocytes. The SAGE-based DNA microarray system is a promising system to identify the genes encoding specific secretory proteins. 相似文献
24.
Otsuka Y Ito M Yamaguchi M Saito S Uesu K Kasai K Abiko Y Mega J 《Mechanisms of ageing and development》2002,123(6):663-674
It is well known that Down syndrome (DS) is a premature ageing syndrome. Periodontal disease in individuals with DS develops rapidly and extensively in a relatively younger age bracket compared with that in healthy controls. The mechanisms involved in the periodontal inflammatory processes in DS patients are not fully understood. In the present study, the non-inflamed gingival fibroblasts isolated from seven patients with DS (DGF) and seven healthy controls (NDGF) were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A. a.). We measured the level of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by DGF and NDGF by radioimmunoassay, and also measured the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) by using the real-time PCR method. We found the higher levels of LPS-stimulated COX-2 mRNA expression and PGE2 production in DGF when compared with those in NDGF. This study may indicate that overexpression of LPS-stimulated COX-2 induced a greater ability of DGF to produce PGE2, and that these phenomena may be responsible for the severer periodontal disease in DS patients. 相似文献
25.
Xuan X Larsen A Ikadai H Tanaka T Igarashi I Nagasawa H Fujisaki K Toyoda Y Suzuki N Mikami T 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2001,39(2):705-709
The gene encoding the entire Babesia equi merozoite antigen 1 (EMA-1) was inserted into a baculovirus transfer vector, and a recombinant virus expressing EMA-1 was isolated. The expressed EMA-1 was transported to the surface of infected insect cells, as judged by an indirect fluorescent-antibody test (IFAT). The expressed EMA-1 was also secreted into the supernatant of a cell culture infected with recombinant baculovirus. Both intracellular and extracellular EMA-1 reacted with a specific antibody in Western blots. The expressed EMA-1 had an apparent molecular mass of 34 kDa that was identical to that of native EMA-1. The secreted EMA-1 was used as an antigen in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The ELISA differentiated B. equi-infected horse sera from Babesia caballi-infected horse sera or normal horse sera. The ELISA was more sensitive than the complement fixation test and IFAT. These results demonstrated that the recombinant EMA-1 expressed in insect cells might be a useful diagnostic reagent for detection of antibodies to B. equi. 相似文献
26.
Epitope mapping of the influenza A virus RNA polymerase PA using monoclonal antibodies 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hatta M Asano Y Masunaga K Ito T Okazaki K Toyoda T Kawaoka Y Ishihama A Kida H 《Archives of virology》2000,145(5):957-964
Summary. To obtain reagents to functionally map the PA protein, we produced monoclonal antibodies specific to this protein. Twenty-two
monoclonal antibodies reacting with PA protein in ELISA were divided into 10 groups on the basis of competitive binding patterns
to this protein. Of these, seventeen monoclonal antibodies bound to PA polypeptide spanning amino acids 101–400 and three
bound to that of amino acids 518–600, while the other two did not react with any PA polypeptides tested with the exception
of full-length PA. Among these monoclonal antibodies, only five reacted with PA in A/PR/8/34 virus-infected cells in indirect
immunofluorescence assay. Thus, we obtained monoclonal antibodies that recognize at least 10 distinct regions of the PA molecule.
These monoclonal antibodies should be useful in dissecting functions of the PA protein.
Received September 6, 1999/Accepted January 5, 2000 相似文献
27.
Kiyohisa Sekizawa MDa Hideki Nakazawa MDa Masatoshi Morikawa MDa Kohei Yamauchi MDb Kazutaka Maeyama MDc Takehiko Watanabe MDc Hidetada Sasaki MDa 《The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology》1995,96(6)
Background: Histamine N-methyltransferase (HMT) modulates histamine- and antigen-induced bronchoconstriction. However, it is unclear whether vascular permeability evoked by an allergic reaction can be exaggerated by inhibition of HMT activity. Methods: We studied the effects of intravenously injected SKF 91488, a specific HMT inhibitor, on increases in plasma extravasation induced by intravenously injected histamine in unsensitized guinea pigs and by intravenously injected ovalbumin antigen in guinea pigs sensitized to ovalbumin in vivo with Evans blue dye as a marker. Results: Pretreatment with SKF 91488 shifted, in a dose-dependent fashion, the dose-response curves of the leakage of dye to histamine to lower concentrations in the trachea, main bronchi, and nasal mucosa. Likewise, pretreatment with SKF 91488 (20 mg/kg intravenously) significantly increased the leakage of dye induced by ovalbumin antigen (200 μg/kg intravenously) in three parts of the airway (p < 0.05). In contrast to SKF 91488, intravenously injected aminoguanidine, a specific inhibitor of diamine oxidase (16 mg/kg intravenously), did not alter the leakage of dye induced by histamine (from 0.001 μg/kg to 10 μg/kg intravenously) (p > 0.20). HMT activities were observed in the nasal mucosa, as well as in the trachea and main bronchi, as shown in a previous study. Conclusion: These findings suggest that HMT modulates the effects of exogenous histamine and endogenously released histamine induced by antigen challenge on plasma extravasation in the airway in guinea pigs in vivo. (J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUNOL 1995;96:910-6.) 相似文献
28.
Kinetic profiles of sequential gene expressions for chemokines in mice with contact hypersensitivity
Using cDNA microarray technology, the expression of chemokine genes in the elicitation site of 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene-induced contact hypersensitivity (CHS) was examined in mice. Of the 33 genes analyzed, levels of 11 gene expressions changed, and these can be assigned to four groups based on their kinetic patterns; (1) LARC/CCL20 whose mRNA level increased rapidly at 3 h post-challenge and then gradually decreased, (2) JE/CCL2, MARC/CCL7, MIP-1gamma/CCL9, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-5/CCL12, ELC/CCL19 and BRAK/CXCL14 whose mRNA levels increased with time and reached the maximum at 6-9 h post-challenge, (3) LIX/CXCL5, Mig/CXCL9 and IP-10/CXCL10 whose mRNA levels increased gradually at least up to 12 h post challenge, and (4) SLC/CCL21 whose mRNA level decreased gradually with time after challenge. The findings suggest that sequential expression of chemokine genes is essential for orientating non-specific skin response to hapten-specific CHS response through the recruitment of inflammatory cells such as neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages and T-cells from the circulation into the tissue site. 相似文献
29.
Atsushi Ohashi PhD Hirohisa Kotera BS Hideo Hori BS Makoto Hibiya PhD Koji Watanabe MD PhD Kazutaka Murakami MD PhD Midori Hasegawa MD PhD Makoto Tomita MD PhD Yoshinobu Hiki MD PhD Satoshi Sugiyama MD PhD 《Journal of artificial organs》2005,8(4):252-256
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubing is an indispensable medical material for extracorporeal circulation therapy. However, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
(DEHP), a suspected endocrine disruptor, can be eluted from PVC, suggesting that an alternative material that does not contain
DEHP is needed for clinical applications. First, we evaluated the endocrine disrupting risks of the plasticizers contained
in PVC tubes by investigating their binding affinities for the human estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). Our results revealed that,
while DEHP has some binding affinity for ERα, neither epoxidized soybean oil nor tris(2-ethylhexyl)trimellitate (an alternative
to DEHP) has any affinity for ERα. Second, we evaluated the endocrine disrupting risks of a tube made of newly developed plasticizer-free
(PF) materials. We confirmed the presence of DEHP and detected several unidentified substances in plasma stored within the
PVC tube. This plasma's competitive binding affinity for ERα was significantly higher than that of control plasma (P < 0.01). In contrast, the profile of plasma stored in the PF tube was similar to that of the control, both in terms of high-performance
liquid chromatography chromatograms and competitive binding capacity for ERα, suggesting that the PF tube is biocompatible
and is useful for reducing the elution of substances capable of binding to ERα.
Presented in part at the 42nd Congress of the Japanese Society for Artificial Organs, October 5–7, 2004, Tokyo, Japan 相似文献
30.