全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4390篇 |
免费 | 297篇 |
国内免费 | 43篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 24篇 |
儿科学 | 66篇 |
妇产科学 | 30篇 |
基础医学 | 597篇 |
口腔科学 | 117篇 |
临床医学 | 301篇 |
内科学 | 1325篇 |
皮肤病学 | 63篇 |
神经病学 | 192篇 |
特种医学 | 123篇 |
外科学 | 714篇 |
综合类 | 18篇 |
预防医学 | 128篇 |
眼科学 | 124篇 |
药学 | 331篇 |
中国医学 | 11篇 |
肿瘤学 | 566篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 10篇 |
2023年 | 59篇 |
2022年 | 101篇 |
2021年 | 202篇 |
2020年 | 115篇 |
2019年 | 116篇 |
2018年 | 172篇 |
2017年 | 106篇 |
2016年 | 134篇 |
2015年 | 130篇 |
2014年 | 139篇 |
2013年 | 179篇 |
2012年 | 265篇 |
2011年 | 293篇 |
2010年 | 159篇 |
2009年 | 131篇 |
2008年 | 194篇 |
2007年 | 246篇 |
2006年 | 236篇 |
2005年 | 221篇 |
2004年 | 189篇 |
2003年 | 175篇 |
2002年 | 167篇 |
2001年 | 94篇 |
2000年 | 94篇 |
1999年 | 92篇 |
1998年 | 59篇 |
1997年 | 40篇 |
1996年 | 50篇 |
1995年 | 27篇 |
1994年 | 24篇 |
1993年 | 16篇 |
1992年 | 52篇 |
1991年 | 55篇 |
1990年 | 29篇 |
1989年 | 29篇 |
1988年 | 28篇 |
1987年 | 30篇 |
1986年 | 35篇 |
1985年 | 39篇 |
1984年 | 16篇 |
1983年 | 23篇 |
1981年 | 13篇 |
1979年 | 15篇 |
1977年 | 10篇 |
1976年 | 10篇 |
1974年 | 11篇 |
1971年 | 14篇 |
1970年 | 9篇 |
1969年 | 8篇 |
排序方式: 共有4730条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
12.
13.
Soichi Hotta Hiromasa Kashimura Shinji Hirai Akira Nakahara Hisayuki Fukutomi Toshiaki Osuga Yasuo Uchiyama 《Lasers in surgery and medicine》1995,16(3):262-271
Background and Objective: To further understand the precise process of the tumor cell degeneration after photodynamic therapy (PDT), laser hyperthermic therapy (LH), and combined treatments using an Nd:YAG laser. It is important to examine initial morphological alteration of tumor cells after these treatments. Study Design/Materials and Methods: In this study, nude mice bearing HeLa cell tumors were treated with PDT, LH, and combined treatments of the two. Tumor tissues obtained immediately after these treatments were analyzed using electron microscopy and morphometry. Results: In the combined treatments, which produced more severe effects on tumor cells, morphological features of apoptosis such as cytoplasmic condensation, blebs, and apoptotic bodies appeared in the cells, although the typical alteration in the nuclear chromatin was not seen. Conclusion: Cytoplasmic alterations may proceed more rapidly than nuclear alterations in the cellular degeneration induced by the single or combined treatments of PDT and LH. 相似文献
14.
Kazuki Tamura Tadayuki Oka Kazutaka Ohsawa Takehiko Koji Yoji Watanabe Shigeru Katamine Hiroshi Sato Hiroyoshi Ayabe 《The Journal of heart and lung transplantation》2003,22(4):452-459
BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) diseases commonly occur in allograft recipients in the early post-transplant period. However, factors responsible for the high incidence of CMV diseases during this period are not yet fully defined. METHODS: Wistar-Furth (WF; RT-1(u)) rats were inoculated with 10(4) plaque-forming units (PFU) of rat CMV (RCMV) intraperitoneally, and then transplanted with allogeneic lungs from Dark Agouti (DA; RT-1avl) rats or stimulated with 10(7) mitomycin C-treated spleen cells from DA rats by daily sub-cutaneous injections for 2 weeks. No immunosuppressive agent was used. Naive WF rats and WF rats grafted with syngeneic lungs or cells were used as controls. The level of RCMV replication in rats was assessed by infectious virus titers in tissues. RESULTS: The virus titers in salivary glands of allogeneic and syngeneic lung graft recipients were significantly higher than in naive WF rats. The level of RCMV replication in rats stimulated with allogeneic spleen cells was significantly higher than in the syngeneic recipient rats: virus titers in the salivary gland of allogeneic and syngeneic recipients reached 4.61 +/- 0.33 and 4.00 +/- 0.37 log(10) PFU/g tissue, respectively, at 14 days post-infection (p = 0.015). The augmented viral replication in allogeneic recipients was confirmed by an increase in the number of RCMV antigen-positive macrophages present in tissue sections of the salivary gland. CONCLUSIONS: Acute lung allograft rejection and allogeneic spleen cell stimulation enhance CMV replication in the salivary gland of rats. Various responses to allogeneic antigens occurring in the process of acute allograft rejection could be risk factors for post-transplant CMV replication and infection. 相似文献
15.
Tracey Hotta 《Plastic surgical nursing》2004,24(1):14-19
In today's busy and demanding world, we no longer have the luxury of taking weeks to recover from a surgical procedure and are more frequently seeking quicker alternatives. The use of dermal fillers meets this need but in no way replaces a surgical intervention. Previously, bovine collagen was the only approved dermal filler. However, today there are several options available including a human collagen, a variety of hyaluronic acids, and a permanent injectable product. Each of the products has different uses, indications, and adverse reactions. The experienced injector now has a wider selection of products from which to choose to ensure that the patient receives what is best suited for his or her particular situation. These new products are becoming increasingly popular, due to acceptability and affordability, but are not without potential complications and adverse reactions. This article discusses the use of Cosmoderm/Cosmoplast, Hylaform, Restylane/Perlane, and Artecoll dermal fillers. 相似文献
16.
Augmented production of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and alpha/beta interferon in mice inoculated with heat-killed Corynebacterium liquefaciens. 下载免费PDF全文
T Yoshida T Hotta K Shimokata M Ichihara K Isobe I Nakashima 《Infection and immunity》1991,59(3):1032-1036
We demonstrated that heat-killed Corynebacterium liquefaciens bacteria, as a known potent host immune activity modulator, stimulate spleen cells to produce granulocyte-macrophage (GM) colony-stimulating factor (CSF) and another CSF with similar activity, as well as alpha/beta interferon, when injected intravenously into mice. Alpha/beta interferon was shown to be produced by C. liquefaciens-activated plastic-G-10 column-adherent cells (A cells) in a thymus-independent manner. In contrast, augmented production of GM-CSF required the action of C. liquefaciens-activated T lymphocytes that collaborated with normal A cells. Non-T spleen cells from C. liquefaciens-stimulated athymic mice, however, produced an alternative CSF that partially replaced GM-CSF. Correspondingly, the numbers of GM-producing CFU developing in cultures of spleen cells from C. liquefaciens-treated euthymic or athymic mice were 10 to 30 times higher than those in cultures of spleen cells from untreated mice. These results suggest that gram-positive rods such as C. liquefaciens activate T and A cells for production of multiple cytokines and that potential cooperative actions of these cytokines underlie the known immunomodulatory action of coryneforms. 相似文献
17.
to elucidate the differences in histological features and biological behavior of osteosarcomas, three human osteoblastic-type osteosarcomas were studied in vitro and in nude mice. The secretory processing and extracellular fiber formation of type I collagen proved to be the most important factor in bone formation in the osteosarcomas. Alkaline phosphatase also seemed to be important. However, we were unable to find any particular protooncogene abnormalities which could have been implicated in the occurrence or biological behavior of these osteosarcomas. 相似文献
18.
19.
Y Hotta T Shiono M Hayakawa T Hashimoto A Kanai A Nakajima M Noro T Sakuma M Tamai K Fujiki 《Nippon Ganka Gakkai zasshi》1992,96(2):237-242
The author analyzed codon 347 of the rhodopsin gene using PCR (polymerase chain reaction) amplification and restriction enzymes in 19 unrelated Japanese families including 28 patients with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (ADRP). An allele of codon 347 mutation was found in a family (father and daughter). Sequence analysis shows that the mutation is from CCG to CTG. This mutation appears to be the cause of one form of ADRP, since it was also found in Japanese cases of ADRP which have a different racial background from families reported by Dryja et al. 相似文献
20.
Summary The CT, MR and histological features of a rare ganglioneuroblastoma of the cerebellopontine angle and cavernous sinus are reported. 相似文献