肾上腺肿瘤及增生27例诊治经验

27例肾上腺肿瘤及增生中皮质醇症8例、嗜铬细胞瘤16例、原发性醛固酮增多症、髓质增生症及无功能性肿瘤各1例。定位诊断主要为CT检查及腹膜后注气造影。皮质醇症术前应有效地控制血糖;嗜铬细胞瘤术前使用皮质激素有助于患者顺利地度过手术关。本组患者以手术治疗为主,并阐述了手术治疗的经验。     

原发性闭角型青光眼发病危险因素的病例对照研究

为探讨原发性闭角型青光眼的发病危险因素，对１０３例原发性闭角型青光眼患者和９５例非青光眼对照者进行了回顾性病例对照研究。结果发现原发性闭角型青光眼的主要危险因素有青光眼家族史、脾气暴躁及易激动、近距离用眼职业和高血压病，未发现吸烟、饮酒、糖尿病、近视眼和ＡＢＯ血型与原发性闭角型青光眼的发病有统计学联系。     

手术治疗外展外旋力所致踝关节骨折

手术治疗外展外旋力引起的踝关节骨折３５例，平均随访２年半，满意率为８８．６％。效果不佳者与软组织损伤严重和关节软骨受损有关。恢复腓骨的长度对防止距骨移位与倾斜十分重要。用钢板固定外踝时要使其下端适应腓骨下段的外翻角。下胫腓联合不论是完全还是不全分离，都应用螺钉固定，以增加踝关节稳定性，早期练习活动。三角韧带断裂时，只要腓骨解剖复位与坚强固定，三角韧带可不予修复。对小于胫骨远端关节面２５％的后踝骨折可不予处理。     

Quantitative structure-activity relationships in MAO-inhibitory 2-phenylcyclopropylamines: Insights into the topography of MAO-A and MAO-B

Ten (E)-and (Z)-isomers of 2-phenylcyclopropylamine (PCA), 1-Me-PCA, 2-Me-PCA, N-Me-PCA, and N, N-diMe-PCA and fifteeno ⁻, m⁻, p⁻ isomers of (E)-PCA with substituents of Me, Cl, F, OMe, OH were synthesized in this laboratory and tested for the inhibition of rat brain mitochondrial MAO-A and MAO-B. The effects of substituents, their positions, and stereochemistry on the inhibition were assessed for the compounds with substituents at cyclopropyl and amino groups and QSAR analyses were performed using the potency data of ring-substituted compounds. The best correlated QSAR equations are as follows: pI₅₀=0.804 Π² Blo−1.069 Blm+0.334 Lp−1.709 HDp+7.897 (r=0.945, s=0.211, F=16.691, p=0.000) for the inhibition of MAO-A; pI₅₀=1.815 π-0.825 Π² R+0.900 Es²+0.869 Es³+0.796 Es⁴−0.992 HDp+0.562 HAo+3.893 (r=0.982, s=0.178, F=23.351, p=0.000) for the inhibition of MAO-B. Based on the potency difference between stereoisomers of cyclopropylamine-modified compounds and on QSAR results, it is proposed that the active sites of MAO-A are composed of one deep hydrophobic cavity near para position, two hydrophobic cavities interacting with Me group, a hydrophobic area accomodating phenyl and cyclopropyl backbone, steric boundaries, a hydrogen-acceptor site near para position, and an amino group binding site and that in addition to the same two hydrophobic cavities, hydrophobic area, steric boundaries, hydrogen-acceptor site, and amino group binding site, another steric boundary near para position and a hydrogen donating site near ortho position constitute active sites of MAO-B.     

Changes of Intestinal Caicitonin Gene-related Peptide in Acute Intestinal Radiation Sickness in Rats

The characteristic distribution of calcitonin gone-related peptide(CGRP)inthe small intestine of rats and its changes in acute intestinal radiation sickness(AIRS)were studied with immunocytochemistry(whole mount stretch preparations of the smallintestine and cryostat sections)and radio-immunoassay.It was found that in all the lay-ers of the intestinal walls,there were large amounts of CGRP immunoreactive(CGRP-I)nerve fibers which existed in especiaUy high density in the myenteric,submucosal andmucosal plexuses.There was also a rather high density of the nerves around the smallvessels of the small intestine and the intestinal crypts.Some CGRP-I neurons were seenin the myenteric and submucosal plexuses.In AIRS,the intestinal CGRP showed a dip-hasic change,in a lower level in the 24th h and a higher level in the 48th and 72nd h af-ter irradiation.The results indicate that CGRP may be related to the regulation of the motility,se-cretion,absorption,sensation,and regional blood flow of the gastrointestinal tract.Pro-bably,CGRP is released under the stress of AIRS and participates in the mechanism ofinjury through many ways especially through the influence on the regional blood flowand the increase of the permeability of blood vessels.     

百草枯所致大鼠弥漫性肺损伤的病理特点

作者选用ＳＤ大鼠进行腹腔内一次性注入百草枯２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ后，在７个不同时间点观察其肺病理组织和超微结构改变。结果显示：百草枯可引起弥漫性毛细血管内皮细胞和肺泡１型上皮细胞为主的整层气一血屏障结构的损害，主要表现为肺泡水肿、出血、透明膜形成和（或）程度不等的肺泡炎，当损伤不能完全修复时则局部终结为纤维化。     

白细胞介素—2新的功能位点及其中枢镇痛作用

白细胞介素－２（ＩＬ－２）不仅是重要的免疫调节因子，而且还具有重要的中枢调节作用。本实验以钾离子透入引起大鼠甩尾反应为指标，发现侧脑室注射ＩＬ—２能显著提高动物痛阈，并能被纳洛酮所阻断，表示ＩＬ－２的中枢镇痛作用可能与阿片受体有关。利用基因定位突变技术获得的无免疫活性ＩＬ－２实查体仍具有中枢镇痛作用，表明ＩＬ—２分子上发挥镇痛和免疫调节作用的功能位点是相互独立的。纳洛酮能够阻断ＩＬ—２的中枢镇痛作用，而不能影响ＩＬ—２增殖ＣＴＬＬ－２细胞的作用，提示ＩＬ－２发挥镇痛和免疫调节作用可能通过不同的受体途径。ＩＬ－２分子中第４５位Ｔｙｒ残基突变为Ｖａｌ后，虽仍保留了免疫活性，但丧失了镇痛功能，表示４５位Ｔｙｒ残基是ＩＬ—２发挥中枢镇痛功能的关键残基之一。我们推测ＩＬ—２的镇痛功能位点可能在ＩＬ—２分子中第４５位Ｔｙｒ残基附近区域。     

帕金森氏病和肌营养不良症（Erb型）中线粒体DNA的部分缺失

用ＰＣＲ技术对１２例神经肌肉性疾病患者的１６个标本进行了线粒体ＤＮＡ缺失情况的研究。发现２例帕金森氏病患者的肌肉组织以及其中１例的外周血和另１例肌营养不良（Ｅｒｂ型）患者的肌肉组织中线粒体ＤＮＡ至少有５２６ｂｐ的缺失。还对线粒体ＤＮＡ的部分缺失与疾病发生的关系进行了讨论。