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排序方式: 共有128条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Parietal projection of thalamocortical fibers from the ventroanterior-ventrolateral complex of the cat thalamus 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Anterograde labelling following focal injections of Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin was used to identify the parietal distribution of thalamocortical (TC) fibers from the ventroanterior-ventrolateral (VA-VL) complex of the cat thalamus. In injections in the ventrolateral or the caudal part of the VA-VL complex, labelled TC fibers were distributed in layers I, III and IV of the parietal areas 5a and/or 5b, whereas in injections located more rostrally or dorsomedially, labelled TC fibers were almost confined to layer I. 相似文献
2.
Narumi T Nakamura S Takashima I Kakei S Tsutsui K Iijima T 《Neuroscience research》2007,57(4):579-586
In the rodent somatosensory system, stimulus information received by the whiskers is relayed to the barrel cortex via two parallel pathways, the lemniscal pathway and the paralemniscal pathway. The lemniscal pathway includes the principal trigeminal nucleus (Pr5) and the ventral posteromedial thalamic nucleus (VPm). The paralemniscal pathway includes the spinal trigeminal subnucleus interpolaris (Sp5i) and the medial division of posterior thalamic nucleus (POm). The purpose of this study was to investigate the roles of those pathways in perceptions of the direction of the single-whisker stimulation in the rat. Rats were trained to perform a go/no-go task that required the discrimination of forward or backward stimulation applied to their single whisker. When a selective lesion was made in VPm or Pr5, error rate for the task performance increased significantly. In contrast, when a selective lesion was made in POm or Sp5i, we found no significant change in performance. These results suggest that the lemniscal pathway plays more important roles in a discrimination of stimulus direction applied to the single whisker. 相似文献
3.
Motoko Ishikawa Takuma Narita Takehiro Sato Hiroshi Sasaki Takeshi Miura Tsukasa Morii Hiroki Fujta Yuichiro Yamada Masafumi Kakei 《Geriatrics & Gerontology International》2007,7(3):300-304
An 82-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of hypoalbuminemia and generalized edema. Hypercortisolemia was subsequently found as the levels of serum cortisol and plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) sampled in a fasting morning were 140 pg/mL and 41.9 μg/dL, respectively. These hormones were not suppressed after taking low-dose dexamethasone the previous night and increased to a mild extent in response to administration of corticotrophin-releasing hormone, suggesting presence of pituitary adenoma producing ACTH (Cushing's disease). However, intrasella localization of pituitary adenoma could not be determined by magnetic resonance imaging. Soon after administration of metyrapone was started in an attempt to reduce her cortisol levels, the patient suffered from severe pneumonia. The pulmonary infection and peripheral edema were improved with decreases in cortisol levels by continuing metyrapone administration with antibiotics and finally she was discharged from the hospital on foot. Metyrapone is a useful therapeutic choice to achieve a remission of cortisol levels in the elderly patients with Cushing's disease in association with serious hypercortisolemia impending severe infection. 相似文献
4.
Imai Sojiro Ookawara Susumu Ito Kiyonori Hattori Takashi Fueki Mariko Iguchi Miho Kiryu Satoshi Sanayama Hidenori Kakei Masafumi Tabei Kaoru Morishita Yoshiyuki 《Journal of artificial organs》2023,26(2):127-133
Journal of Artificial Organs - Few reports have examined the association between changes in cerebral oxygenation and clinical factors, including blood pressure (BP), upon standing after... 相似文献
5.
Kakei M Yada T Nakagawa A Nakabayashi H 《Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical》2002,102(1-2):39-44
We previously reported that the intraportal appearance of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) facilitates the afferent activity (the spike discharge firing rate) of the rat hepatic vagus in a dose-dependent fashion. To examine whether GLP-1 directly activates single neurons isolated from the rat nodose ganglion, GLP-1-induced changes of the membrane potential and cytosolic-free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in the cells were measured using whole-cell patch-clamp and microfluorometric techniques, respectively. GLP-1 application (3 x 10(-12) - 3 x 10(-9) M) induced a gradual depolarization from a mean resting membrane potential of - 55.0 +/- 3.1 mV and evoked a burst of action potentials with a time lag of 7.5 +/- 4.5 min after its starting (n = 4). The burst of action potentials continued during the application and even up to 13 min or more after its cessation. GLP-1 at a concentration of 10(-12) - 10(-8) M induced an increase of [Ca2+]i. The GLP-1-induced [Ca2+]i responses were often oscillatory and lasted even up to 10 min or more after the washout of GLP-1. An adenylate cyclase activator, forskolin, mimicked the GLP-1-induced increase in [Ca2+]i. The present results indicate that GLP-1 activates nodose ganglion neurons as manifested by membrane depolarization, a burst of action potentials and [Ca2+]i increase, possibly via the cAMP pathway. Together with our previous observations, the results strongly suggest cellular mechanisms by which the postprandial humoral information, intraportal appearance of GLP-1, is uniquely converted to the neural information in the hepatoportal area. 相似文献
6.
Clinical Application of Serum Pepsinogen I and II Levels for Mass Screening to Detect Gastric Cancer 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:6
Kazumasa Miki Masao Ichinose Koichi B. Ishikawa Naohisa Yahagi Masashi Matsushima Nobuyuki Kakei Shinko Tsukada Masahiro Kido Satoshi Ishihama Yasuhito Shimizu Takehisa Suzuki Kiyoshi Kurokawa 《Cancer science》1993,84(10):1086-1090
A considerable number of gastric cancers derive from stomach mucosa where chronic atrophic gastritis is severe and extensive. Based on the fact that the serum pepsinogen levels provide a precise measure of the extent of chronic atrophic gastritis, we have devised a mass screening method involving serum pepsinogen measurement to identify subjects at high risk of gastric cancer. In 1991, we screened 4,647 workers (male: 4,113, female: 534, mean age: 49.0 years) at a Japanese company using this method. Out of 875 subjects (18.8%) with a serum pepsinogen I level of less than 50 μg/liter and a pepsinogen I/II ratio of less than 3.0, 676 subjects (14.5%) were selected for further investigation by endoscopy. This led to the detection of four subjects (0.086%) with gastric cancer (three in an early stage) and four subjects with adenoma. The cancer detection rate of this new screening method was comparable, and in some respects superior, to that of the traditional barium X-ray screening. Since the incidence of test-positive subjects was as low as 10% amongst subjects aged less than 40, this screening method appears to be especially useful for screening of younger generations. The new method is less expensive than the traditional barium X-ray and subjects experience little discomfort. Further, many serum samples can be quickly measured simultaneously. The results of this study have indicated that serum pepsinogen screening provides a valuable method for detecting gastric cancers. 相似文献
7.
8.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to reduce the radiation exposure of the eye lens in high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the temporal bone using an experimental phantom. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The HRCT image that was used for analysis was obtained by changing parameters including effective-mAs (E-mAs), distance coverage, and height of object in the Y-axis. Radiation exposure was measured to calculate equivalent doses by glass rod dosimeters that were fixed above the right orbit parallel to the body axis. Deterioration in image quality was evaluated by three radiologists and the following three-point rating method was employed: grade 1 (good image quality without diagnostic limitations), grade 2 (image was deteriorated, but there were no diagnostic limitations), and grade 3 (image was deteriorated with diagnostic limitations). RESULTS: Assuming that the equivalent dose was y (mSv), and E-mAs was x, a simple regression line, y=0.506x-0.494 (decision coefficient, R2=0.999), was obtained. A standard deviation (S.D.) less than 120 (E-mAs, 220-120) was judged as grade 1, an S.D. between 120 and 150 was judged as grade 2, and an S.D. higher than 150 was judged as grade 3, indicating that deterioration of the quality of images with reduced E-mAs affected the diagnosis by imaging at S.D. higher than 150. CONCLUSION: Radiation dose at the eye lens in HRCT could be reduced up to an equivalent dose corresponding to 70 mAs without compromising diagnostic quality in the phantom experiment. 相似文献
9.
Ghrelin, isolated from the human and rat stomach, is the endogenous ligand for the growth hormone (GH) secretagogue receptor, which is expressed in a variety of tissues, including the pancreatic islets. It has been shown that low plasma ghrelin levels correlates with elevated fasting insulin levels and type 2 diabetes. Here we show a physiological role of endogenous ghrelin in the regulation of insulin release and blood glucose in rodents. Acylated ghrelin, the active form of the peptide, was detected in the pancreatic islets. Counteraction of endogenous ghrelin by intraperitoneal injection of specific GH secretagogue receptor antagonists markedly lowered fasting glucose concentrations, attenuated plasma glucose elevation, and enhanced insulin responses during the glucose tolerance test (GTT). Conversely, intraperitoneal exogenous ghrelin GH-independently elevated fasting glucose concentrations, enhanced plasma glucose elevation, and attenuated insulin responses during GTT. Neither GH secretagogue receptor antagonist nor ghrelin affected the profiles of the insulin tolerance test. In isolated islets, GH secretagogue receptor blockade and antiserum against acylated ghrelin markedly enhanced glucose-induced increases in insulin release and intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), whereas ghrelin at a relatively high concentration (10 nmol/l) suppressed insulin release. In single beta-cells, ghrelin attenuated glucose-induced first-phase and oscillatory [Ca2+]i increases via the GH secretagogue receptor and in a pertussis toxin-sensitive manner. Ghrelin also increased tetraethylammonium-sensitive delayed outward K+ currents in single beta-cells. These findings reveal that endogenous ghrelin in islets acts on beta-cells to restrict glucose-induced insulin release at least partly via attenuation of Ca2+ signaling, and that this insulinostatic action may be implicated in the upward control of blood glucose. This function of ghrelin, together with inducing GH release and feeding, suggests that ghrelin underlies the integrative regulation of energy homeostasis. 相似文献
10.
Increased urinary excretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in proteinuric renal diseases 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Morii T Fujita H Narita T Koshimura J Shimotomai T Fujishima H Yoshioka N Imai H Kakei M Ito S 《Renal failure》2003,25(3):439-444
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a chemokine that is produced mainly by tubular epithelial cells in kidney and contributes to renal interstitial inflammation and fibrosis. More recently, we have demonstrated that urinary MCP-1 excretion is increased in proportion to the degree of albuminuria (proteinuria) and positively correlated with urinary N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) levels in type 2 diabetic patients. Based on these findings, we have suggested that heavy proteinuria, itself, probably aggravates renal tubular damage and accelerates the disease progression in diabetic nephropathy by increasing the MCP-1 expression in renal tubuli. In the present study, to evaluate whether urinary MCP-1 excretion is increased in the proteinuric states not only in diabetic nephropathy but also in other renal diseases, we examined urinary MCP-1 levels in IgA nephropathy patients with macroalbuminuria (IgAN group; n = 6), and compared the results with the data obtained from type 2 diabetic patients with overt diabetic nephropathy (DN group; n = 23) and those without diabetic nephropathy (non-DN group; n = 27). Urinary MCP-1 excretion levels in non-DN, DN, IgAN groups were 157.2 (52.8-378.5), 346.1 (147.0-1276.7), and 274.4 (162.2-994.5) ng/g creatinine, median (range), respectively. Expectedly, urinary MCP-1 and NAG excretion levels in DN and IgAN groups were significantly elevated as compared with non-DN group. Therefore, we suggest that MCP-1 expression in renal tubuli is enhanced in proteinuric states,irrespective of the types of renal disease, and that increased MCP-1 expression probably contributes to renal tubular damage in proteinuric states. 相似文献