Analysis of the Association between Fat Mass Distribution and Bone Mass in Chinese Male Adolescents at Different Stages of Puberty

Background: Bone mineral acquisition during adolescence is crucial for maximizing peak bone mass. Fat mass (FM) and bone mass are closely related. This study investigated the association of FM distribution with bone mass in Chinese male adolescents. Method: A total of 693 male adolescents aged 10–18 years were recruited from a secondary school in Jiangmen, China. Their bone mass and body composition were measured by quantitative ultrasound and bioelectrical impedance analysis, respectively. The associations of the measures of fat distribution with bone parameters, i.e., broadband ultrasound attenuation, speed of sound (SOS), and stiffness index (SI), were analyzed using multiple linear regression. Age, height, body mass index, stage of puberty, physical activity, sedentary behavior, dietary energy intake, and dietary calcium and vitamin D intake were adjusted in the model. Further subgroup analyses of prepubertal and pubertal participants were conducted. Results: The measures of fat distribution showed negative associations with SOS and SI in total subjects (p < 0.010). In prepubertal boys, the measures of fat distribution were only associated with SOS (β = −0.377 to −0.393, p < 0.050). In pubertal boys, the measures of fat distribution had associations with all bone parameters (β = −0.205 to −0.584, p < 0.050). The strongest association was between trunk FM and SOS (β = −0.584, p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study supported that the measures of fat distribution were negatively associated with bone parameters in Chinese male adolescents. Trunk FM had the strongest association with bone parameter. These associations appear to be stronger in pubertal boys than in prepubertal boys.     

重组刚地弓形虫抑制蛋白滴鼻免疫小鼠诱导的脾淋巴细胞免疫应答

目的 观察不同浓度重组刚地弓形虫抑制蛋白（rTgPRF）滴鼻免疫小鼠诱导的脾淋巴细胞免疫应答,探讨其最佳免疫剂量。方法 50只雌性BALB/c小鼠随机分为5组,免疫组分别用10、20、30 μg和40 μg rTgPRF溶于20 μl磷酸盐缓冲液（PBS）后滴鼻免疫,对照组用20 μl PBS。分别于第0、14和21 天滴鼻免疫小鼠,末次免疫后2周,颈椎脱臼处死小鼠。无菌取脾,采用CCK?8法测定脾淋巴细胞刺激指数（SI）,酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）测定脾淋巴细胞上清液中IFN?γ、IL?2、IL?4和IL?10浓度。结果 经rTgPRF刺激,30 μg和40 μg免疫组小鼠脾淋巴细胞SI均高于对照组（P均< 0.05）,且30 μg组显著高于40 μg组（P < 0.05）。与对照组比较,所有免疫组小鼠脾淋巴细胞培养上清中IFN?γ含量升高（P均< 0.05）,20、30 μg和40 μg组小鼠脾淋巴细胞培养上清中IL?2含量增加（P均< 0.05）,其中30 μg组小鼠脾淋巴细胞培养上清中IFN?γ（P均< 0.01）和IL?2含量最高（P均< 0.01）;所有免疫组小鼠脾淋巴细胞培养上清中IL?4和IL?10含量与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义（P均> 0.05）。结论 rTgPRF滴鼻免疫小鼠可诱导脾淋巴细胞增殖和Th1型细胞免疫应答,以30 μg剂量免疫效果最佳。     

脑干听觉诱发电位在后循环脑梗死中的临床应用价值研究

目的 通过分析急性和慢性后循环脑梗死患者脑干听觉诱发电位变化特点,探讨脑干听觉诱发电 位（brainstem auditory evoked potential,BAEP）在后循环脑梗死早期识别和诊断方面的临床应用价值。 方法 选择2018年8月-2019年3月在上海第六人民医院神经内科就诊的后循环脑梗死患者为研究 对象,分为急性脑梗死组和慢性脑梗死组,同时设立健康对照组。比较3组BAEP的Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ各波峰 潜伏期（peak latency,PL）,Ⅰ～Ⅲ波、Ⅲ～Ⅴ波和Ⅰ～Ⅴ波峰间潜伏期（interpeak latency,IPL）,Ⅲ～Ⅴ波 /Ⅰ～Ⅲ波I PL的比值等指标的特点。 结果 研究共入组急性脑梗死组患者36例,慢性脑梗死组32例,健康对照组32例。急性脑梗死组 Ⅲ波、Ⅴ波PL较慢性脑梗死组（P＜0.001、P =0.005）和对照组（均为P＜0.001）均延长;慢性脑梗死组 Ⅴ波PL较对照组延长（P＜0.001）。急性脑梗死组Ⅰ～Ⅲ波、Ⅰ～Ⅴ波I PL较慢性脑梗死组延长（P＜0.001、 P =0.029）;急性脑梗死组Ⅰ～Ⅲ波（P＜0.001）、Ⅲ～Ⅴ波（P =0.006）和Ⅰ～Ⅴ波（P＜0.001）IPL较对照 组延长;慢性脑梗死组Ⅲ～Ⅴ波I PL（P =0.003）较对照组延长。慢性脑梗死组Ⅲ～Ⅴ/Ⅰ～Ⅲ波IPL比值 异常者有9例（25.0%）,急性脑梗死组2例（6.3%）,两组差异有统计学意义（P =0.001）。 结论 ①BAEP检查能灵敏地检测出急性和慢性后循环脑梗死患者的听觉感觉通路的电生理异常。 ②急性脑梗死患者BAEP的Ⅲ波和Ⅴ波PL、Ⅰ～Ⅲ波和Ⅰ～Ⅴ波IPL均显著延长,以Ⅲ波PL、Ⅰ～Ⅲ波IPL延 长为主;慢性脑梗死患者BAEP以Ⅴ波PL、Ⅲ～Ⅴ波IPL的延长为主。     

汉防己甲素体外对正常结膜与翼状胬肉成纤维细胞抑制作用的比较

目的:观察汉防己甲素(tetrandrine,Tet)对正常结膜和翼状胬肉成纤维细胞抑制作用的异同。方法:在相同的培养条件下,传第3代的正常结膜与翼状胬肉成纤维细胞皆加入不同浓度的Tet,分别于加药后1和3d行MTT检测细胞的存活率。结果:用药后1d,4×10-5和2×10-5mol/LTet对正常结膜与翼状胬肉成纤维细胞存活率无显著性差异(P>0.05),其余各浓度的Tet对翼状胬肉成纤维细胞的抑制作用大于正常结膜成纤维细胞,正常结膜成纤维细胞的存活率大于翼状胬肉成纤维细胞(P<0.01)。用药后3d,4×10-5mol/LTet组翼状胬肉成纤维细胞的存活率大于正常结膜成纤维细胞(P<0.01);其余各浓度的Tet对两种成纤维细胞存活率无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:用药后3d,2×10-5mol/L及半数抑制量(10-5mol/L)以下浓度的Tet对翼状胬肉成纤维细胞起抑制作用,而对正常结膜成纤维细胞的影响较小。     

Detection and comparison of matrix metalloproteinase in primary and recurrent pterygium fibroblasts

AIM: To detect and compare the levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) secreted by primary and recurrent human pterygium fibroblasts (HPFs). METHODS: Primary and recurrent HPFs as well as human conjunctival fibroblasts (HCF) were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium at the same conditions. The protein levels of MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-9 were determined by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. RESULTS: 1) The protein level of MMP-1 in serum-free supernatant from cultured primary and recurrent HPFs was higher than that in normal HCFs (P<0.05); similarly, the protein level of MMP-1 in serum-free supernatant from cultured primary HPFs was higher than that in recurrent HCFs (P<0.05). 2) The protein level of MMP-3 in serum-free supernatant from cultured primary HPFs was higher than that in normal HCFs (P<0.05); meanwhile, the protein level of MMP-3 in serum-free supernatant from cultured recurrent HPFs was lower when compared with that in primary HPFs and normal HCFs (P<0.05). 3) MMP-9 was not detected in primary and recurrent HPFs in the conditioned medium. CONCLUSION: The protein levels of MMP-1 and MMP-3 in supernatant secreted by primary HPFs are different from recurrent HPFs. Different pathological mechanisms may exist between primary and recurrent pterygia.     

抗胸腺细胞球蛋白治疗儿童再生障碍性贫血8例疗效分析

再生障碍性贫血(aplastic anemia),简称再障,是一种与免疫密切相关、主要由T淋巴细胞介导的骨髓衰竭性疾病,多数患儿经过造血干细胞移植或免疫抑制治疗可获得长期生存。因为异基因造血干     

Steroid treatment of posttraumatic anosmia

The objective of this study was to treat posttraumatic anosmia with oral steroid and evaluate its effect. One-hundred sixteen posttraumatic patients whose olfactory thresholds were –1.0 by the phenyl ethyl alcohol threshold test assembled in our department. They were treated with a course of high-dose steroid, and followed up for at least 3 months. During the latter period of this study, magnetic resonance imaging was performed to measure the volumes of olfactory bulbs and to detect subfrontal lobe damage. Among them, 19 (16.4%) patients’ olfactory thresholds improved after steroid treatment, but the other 97 patients’ thresholds did not change. The incidences of loss of consciousness and intracranial hemorrhage after head injury, the ratios of admission and craniotomy, the intervals between head injury and steroid treatment, the volumes of olfactory bulbs, and the incidences of subfrontal lobe damage were not significantly different between patients whose thresholds improved and those whose thresholds did not improve. However, patients with olfactory improvement were significantly younger than those who remained unchanged. Our study showed that oral steroid treatment might improve olfactory acuity in some patients with posttraumatic anosmia, but the possibility of spontaneous recovery cannot be ruled out.     

Application of surface -enhanced laser desorption/ ionization time -of -flight -based serum proteomic array technique for the early diagnosis of retinoblas- toma

AIM: To find new biomarkers in the sera of retinoblastoma (Rb) patients with surface-enhanced laser desorption/ ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) and protein chip technique. METHODS: SELDI-TOF-MS, IMAC30 and CM10 protein chips were used to analyze the protein profiles from sera of 18 patients with Rb and 17 age-matched controls. The protein profiling was analyzed statistically by Ciphergen protein chip software 3.0.2. The Student's t -test was applied to compare the protein peak intensity. Fisher's exact test was used to compare the predominance of differential protein peaks appeared in patients. RESULTS: With IMAC30 protein chips, there were 26 proteins which appeared difference in sera of patients with Rb compared to normal children. Among them, 21 proteins, i.e. 7746, 7014, 11713, 3049, 7084, 7299, 5888, 2544, 12575, 5489, 9658, 9575, 9929, 10161, 8955, 1886, 10617, 6209, 2411, 7374, 6614m/z were up-regulated and 5 proteins, i.e. 8382,7923,7972, 8590, 66576m/z, were down-regulated (P < 0.01). Using the 7014m/z protein peak for statistical analysis, we could differentiate the patients with Rb from the healthy children with a sensitivity of 94.4% and a specificity of 82.4%. By CM10 protein chips, 4 proteins, including 3 up-regulated proteins (5888, 6097, 7798m/z) and 1 down-regulated protein (8590m/z), were detected in Rb patients (P <0.01). The sensitivity and specificity were 83.3% and 70.6% respectively when 7798m/z protein peak was selected for statistical analysis. CONCLUSION: There are a few candidates as Rb biomarkers in the sera of Rb patients. SELDI-TOF-MS protein chip technology could be a potential method in the clinical screening test of Rb.     

Bacterial spectrum and resistance patterns in corneal infections at a Tertiary Eye Care Center in South China

AIM: To investigate the spectrum and antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria isolated from patients with suspected corneal infections in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center in South China over the past four years retrospectively. METHODS: Totally 1943 corneal scrapes from patients with corneal infections from 2010 to 2013 were cultured and processed using standard microbiological procedures to identify bacterial isolates. Simultaneously, the bacterial isolates were tested for antibiotic susceptibility to 8 antibiotics (ceftazidime, cefuroxim, cefazolin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, neomycin, tobramycin, chloramphenicol) using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. RESULTS: Of the total 1943 scrapes, 397 (20.43%) were culture-positive, of which 294 (74.06%) were gram-positive (GP) and 103 (25.94%) were gram-negative (GN) bacteria. Of the GP organisms, the most prevalent genera were Staphylococcus spp. (56.17%, n=223), Kocuria spp. (5.29%, n=21) and Micrococcus spp. (1.26%, n=5). On the other hand, the most prevalent genera were Pseudomonas spp. (12.85%, n=51), Burkholderia spp. (2.02%, n=8) and Acinetobacter spp. (1.51%, n=6) for the GN organisms. Among five antibiotics that have eye drop products, the resistant to neomycin of GP (7.82%, 95% CI: 4.72%-10.92%) and GN isolates (9.71%, 95% CI: 4.01%-15.41%) was lowest, while the resistant to chloramphenicol was highest (GP: 34.35%, 95% CI: 28.92%-39.78%; GN: 60.19%, 95% CI: 50.74%-69.64%). CONCLUSION: Staphylococcus spp. was the most common bacterial pathogens isolated from patients with corneal infections in this setting. High percentages of GP and GN bacteria were mostly susceptible to neomycin and highly resistant to chloramphenicol.