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排序方式: 共有1637条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Dopamine D3 receptor variant and tardive dyskinesia 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
Rietschel M Krauss H Müller DJ Schulze TG Knapp M Marwinski K Maroldt AO Paus S Grünhage F Propping P Maier W Held T Nöthen MM 《European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience》2000,250(1):31-35
In the search for genetic factors contributing to tardive dyskinesia, dopamine receptor genes are considered major candidates.
The dopamine D3 receptor is of primary interest as dopamine D3 receptor knock-out mice show locomotor hyperactivation resembling extrapyramidal side-effects of neuroleptic treatment. Furthermore,
Steen and colleagues (1997) recently reported an association between tardive dyskinesia and a dopamine D3 receptor gene variant.
In the present study we tried to replicate this finding. We investigated 157 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective
disorder receiving long-term neuroleptic medication who never or persistently displayed tardive dyskinesia. As advanced age
is a main risk factor for tardive dyskinesia, we also compared older patients with a long duration of schizophrenia not displaying
tardive dyskinesia to younger patients with a shorter duration of the illness displaying tardive dyskinesia. However, we found
no evidence that the dopamine D3 receptor gene is likely to confer susceptibility to the development of tardive dyskinesia.
Received: 10 March 1999 / Accepted: 2 November 1999 相似文献
92.
Accommodation, accommodative convergence, and response AC/A ratios before and at the onset of myopia in children. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate accommodation, accommodative convergence, and AC/A ratios before and at the onset of myopia in children. METHODS: Refractive error, accommodation, and phorias were measured annually over a period of 3 years in 80 6- to 18-year-old children (mean age at first visit = 11.1 years), including 26 who acquired myopia of at least -0.50 D and 54 who remained emmetropic (-0.25 to + 0.75 D). Refraction was measured by noncycloplegic distance retinoscopy. Concomitant measures of accommodation and phorias were taken for letter targets at 4.0 m and 0.33 m using the Canon R-1 open field-of-view autorefractor with an attached motorized Risley prism and Maddox rod. The accommodation and phoria measurements were used to calculate response AC/A ratios. RESULTS: Compared with children who remained emmetropic, those who became myopic had elevated response AC/A ratios at 1 and 2 years before the onset of myopia, in addition to at onset and 1 year later (t's = -2.97 to -4.04, p < 0.01 at all times). The significantly higher AC/A ratios in the children who became myopic are a result of significantly reduced accommodation. Accommodative convergence was significantly greater in myopes only at onset. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the abnormal oculomotor factors found before the onset of myopia may contribute to myopigenesis by producing hyperopic retinal defocus when a child is engaged in near-viewing tasks. 相似文献
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95.
C Jolly B Held A F Caraway H Prystowsky 《American journal of obstetrics and gynecology》1971,110(3):291-294
96.
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98.
Immunosuppression and the Risk of Post-Transplant Malignancy Among Cadaveric First Kidney Transplant Recipients 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Rami T. Bustami Akinlolu O. Ojo Robert A. Wolfe Robert M. Merion William M. Bennett Suzanne V. McDiarmid Alan B. Leichtman Philip J. Held Friedrich K. Port 《American journal of transplantation》2004,4(1):87-93
The success of renal transplantation may be counterbalanced by serious adverse medical events. The effect of immunosuppression on the incidence of de novo neoplasms among kidney recipients should be monitored continuously. Using data from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, we studied the association of induction therapy by immunosuppression with antilymphocyte antibodies, with the development of de novo neoplasms. The study population included more than 41 000 recipients who received a cadaveric first kidney transplant after December 31, 1995, and were followed through February 28, 2002. Using Cox regression models, we estimated time to development of two types of malignancy: de novo solid tumors and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD). We made adjustments for several patient demographic factors and comorbidities. Induction therapy was significantly associated with a higher relative risk (RR) of PTLD (RR = 1.78, p < 0.001), but not with a greater likelihood of de novo tumors (RR = 1.07, p = 0.42). Treatment with maintenance tacrolimus vs. cyclosporine showed a significantly different RR of developing de novo tumors for recipients with induction than for those not receiving induction (p = 0.024). These new estimates of the magnitude of malignancy risk associated with induction therapy may be useful for clinical practice. 相似文献
99.
Templeton AW; Johnson JA; Anderson WH; Cook LT; Dwyer SJ d; Preston DF; Lee KR; Rosenthal SJ; Batnitzky S; Levine E 《Radiology》1984,151(2):527-528
The increasing use of digitally formatted imaging systems requires high-quality interactive gray-scale computer raster graphics systems for the management, display, and analog film recording of digital image and alphanumeric information. These systems are a combination of computer hardware and software and implement a set of graphics protocols. This paper describes a set of interactive graphics protocols that has been developed for clinical use. 相似文献
100.
J. R. Held E. S. Tierkel J. H. Steele 《Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)》1967,82(11):1009-1018