Suppressive effect of perinatal testes on the differentiation of fetal ovaries transplanted into adult males in the rat

A 14 d ovarian primordium was transplanted with a fetal testis (13–18 d and 21 d of gestation) or a neonatal testis (15, 20, 30 and 45 d after birth) into the renal subcapsular position of an adult male rat. Two weeks after transplantation, transplants were examined as to the degree of ovarian and testicular differentiation. In the combination of a 14 d ovary and a 13 d testis, there were 3 types of result: either the ovary or the testis alone developed or both gonads developed well. Ovaries transplanted in union with 15–18 d testes did not develop, although the testes developed normally. Some ovaries in union with 21 d testes developed normally. In combination with infantile testes, the incidence of developed ovaries increased as the age of testes advanced. These results suggest that the 13 d fetal testes begin to suppress the development of cotransplanted 14 d ovaries, that 14–18 d fetal testes maintain such suppressive effects and that this effect gradually diminishes in infantile testes as they progress toward 45 d after birth.     

冬虫夏草对慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠树突状细胞功能的影响

目的: 研究冬虫夏草对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)大鼠树突状细胞(DCs)功能的影响及其分子机制。方法: 将大鼠随机分为COPD模型组、冬虫夏草治疗组和正常对照组,观察各组大鼠气道病理改变,分离培养鼠DCs,ELISA法检测DCs培养上清液和DCs-T细胞共培养上清液中细胞因子含量。结果: 与正常对照组相比,COPD模型组和冬虫夏草治疗组的平均肺泡计数减少(P＜0.05),冬虫夏草治疗组高于COPD模型组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。冬虫夏草治疗组DCs-T细胞共培养后上清液中IFN-γ水平高于COPD模型组和正常对照组(P<0.05),IL-5水平各组无显著差异(P>0.05)。冬虫夏草治疗组DCs上清液中TNF-α和IL-12 p70水平高于COPD模型组和正常对照组(P<0.05)。结论: 冬虫夏草可促使COPD大鼠DCs产生Th1型细胞因子,机制可能与DCs产生的IL-12 p70促进T细胞产生IFN-γ有关。     

Activity patterns of the suprahyoid muscles during swallowing of different fluid volumes

Summary Influences of bolus volumes on activity patterns of the suprahyoid muscles during swallowing were examined using the T_P technique (which quantitatively evaluates muscle activity patterns and indicates a negatively skewed pattern at lower T_P values) in healthy young adults (eight men and four women). One of six volumes of tea ranging from 10 to 32 mL was delivered randomly to each subject while recording an electromyogram of the suprahyoid muscles and a laryngeal mechanogram with a piezoelectric sensor. Each subject was asked to swallow the full volume of liquid in a gulp if possible. T_P values were calculated as deciles from T₀ to T₁₀₀ during intervals that were defined by the trajectory of the laryngeal mechanogram recorded during swallowing. Seven significant differences were detected in the average T_P values from T₃₀ to T₆₀: between 16 mL (e.g., 0·448 in T₃₀) and 25 mL (0·408 in T₃₀) and between 20 mL (0·453 in T₃₀) and 25 mL. There were significant differences among the 12 subjects for all of the nine average T_P values (Ps < 0·001), suggesting a notable intersubject variation in the suprahyoid (SH) activity patterns. The average peak amplitudes of the integrated suprahyoid activity differed significantly among the six volumes (P < 0·001), while the average durations measured by the laryngeal mechanogram did not. The present results suggest that the swallowing volume mainly affects SH activity patterns, which were evaluated by the T_P technique, during the early period of each swallow.     

Adenocarcinoma arising at the ileoileal anastomotic site of Scheele''s ring

Most tumors arising after augmentation ileocystoplasty have been reported to develop adjacent to the ileovesical anastomosis. Herein, we report a case of adenocarcinoma arising at the ileoileal anastomotic site 33 years after augmentation ileocystoplasty (Scheele's ring plasty) for tuberculous contracted bladder. The present case shows the possibility of late malignancy developing at the ileoileal junction after ileal neobladder.     

Intrahepatic peribiliary glands of humans. I. Anatomy, development and presumed functions

Abstract The intrahepatic biliary tree is regarded as an excretory duct of two secretory units: hepatocytes and intrahepatic peribiliary glands. This review describes the anatomy, development and presumed functions of the latter. These glands are preferentially located around the intrahepatic large bile ducts, and are histologically divided into intramural and extramural structures. The former consist of simple tubular glands with much mucin, and are sparsely and irregularly distributed within the ductal wall. The latter are characterized by the presence of excretory units that consist of seromucinous acini and a conducting system in the periductal tissue. Pancreatic exocrine acini are occasionally admixed with extramural glands. These peribiliary glands appear in the late fetal period and complete their development about 15 years after birth. Extramural and intramural glands secrete neutral and acid mucin into the ductal lumen. Extramural glands contain several enzymes for digestion of protein and lipids. Neural and vascular supply of these glands may be related to the regulation of their secretion. Specific and non-specific immune responses within this glandular system may also be essential in the sterility of bile.     

A case of Kabuki make-up syndrome with EBV+ Burkitt's lymphoma

Kabuki make-up syndrome was first reported in 1981 and is characterized by peculiar facies with post natal growth deficiency and mental retardation. Since the first report, approximately 100 cases have been reported, but there have been no reports of tumor development. A case is reported of a patient with Kabuki make-up syndrome who developed malignant lymphoma in his abdomen at the age of 3 years. The tumor was histologically diagnosed as Burkitt's lymphoma and Epstein-Barr virus was detected by in situ hybridization.     

Hypercalcemia associated with Aeromonas hydrophila gastro-enteritis

We describe a 4 year old girl with acute Aeromonas hydrophila gastro-enteritis who presented with a combination of hypercalcemia, metabolic alkalosis, and renal impairment. Serum parathyroid hormone was not elevated. Both milk-alkali syndrome and intoxication of vitamins A and D were ruled out. The hypercalcemia, metabolic alkalosis, and renal impairment were improved by fluid infusion and intravenous administration of furosemide. Gastro-enteritis also improved with oral administration of the antibiotic norfloxacin. The association of A. hydrophila gastro-enteritis with hypercalcemia has not been described previously.