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51.
Kelley Withy MD MS ; January May Andaya; Judith S. Mikami RN MPH ; Seiji Yamada MD MPH 《The Journal of rural health》2007,23(1):84-88
CONTEXT: Health disparities between rural and urban communities are well documented. There are many suggested causes and many proposed solutions but no one-size-fits-all answer. The most successful community interventions have been introduced by communities themselves. However, before communities invest in such interventions, each group must identify and prioritize their needs. PURPOSE: This article describes the Hoshin facilitation method as a practical option assisting communities in assessing their needs and gaining consensus for future steps. METHODS: Thirty-four meetings were held in 11 rural communities in Hawaii using the Hoshin process to identify factors that impact rural health. Themes were identified by constant comparative analysis and thematic frequency described. Commonality of responses between communities was examined. Informal feedback was collected from meeting participants. FINDINGS: There was a great deal of commonality between community responses, with economic factors, drug use, lack of community leadership, lack of health care services and access to services, lack of healthy activities for youth, and poor public education being the most common issues noted. Group involvement in the meetings was high, and the facilitation method received positive feedback from participants. CONCLUSIONS: The Hoshin facilitation method is a very useful tool to help communities rapidly identify and prioritize areas for programmatic attention. 相似文献
52.
Effect of Short-Term Ethanol Feeding on Rat Testes as Assessed by 31P NMR Spectroscopy, 1H NMR Imaging, and Biochemical Methods 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Hassan Farghali Donald S. Williams Judith Gavaler David H. Van Thiel 《Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research》1991,15(6):1018-1023
31P Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and 1H NMR imaging were used to examine the effect of short-term ethanol feeding on the rat testis. Weanling rats were pair-fed for 10 weeks either on ethanol containing liquid diet (36% ethanol of total calories) or a diet in which dextrimaltose was isocalorically substituted for the ethanol of the alcohol-containing diet. In vivo 31P NMR of the testes was used to determine the intratesticular pH and the relative concentrations of various phosphorus-containing metabolites. The integrity of the blood-testes barrier was evaluated using 1H NMR imaging following a gadolinium diethylene tetramine pentaacetic acid derivative (Gd-DTPA) administration as a vascular contrast agent. After the completion of NMR studies, the testis and the liver were freeze-clamped to allow for the assay of their adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) contents. Serum was assayed for its content of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alcohol and testosterone. Ethanol feeding resulted in the following: (a) a reduction in the body weight (p less than 0.05), (b) a reduction in the testicular phosphodiesters (PDE) PDE/ATP ratio (p less than 0.05), (c) an increased change in the testis image intensity difference between pre- and post-iv Gd-DTPA images, (c) a reduction in the testicular and hepatic content of ATP, and (d) increased serum levels of AST and ALT.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
53.
Judith V. Becker PhD John A. Hunter PhD Dennis Goodwin BS Meg S. Kaplan PhD Douglas Martinez MA 《Sexual abuse : a journal of research and treatment》1992,5(1):45-51
Twenty adolescent male sexual offenders were evaluated by penile plethysmography on two separate occasions. Stimuli consisted of 19, two-minute audiotaped cues. Test-retest reliability was demonstrated for 15 of the 19 audiotaped vignettes. The highest correlations were found for those sexual behaviors in which the adolescents had engaged. 相似文献
54.
Role of substance P in several models of bladder inflammation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Judith Luber-Narod Tammy Austin-Ritchie Carl Hollins III Mani Menon Rajwant K. Malhotra Stephen Baker Robert E. Carraway 《Urological research》1997,25(6):395-399
Substance P (SP) is a peptide found in the sensory nervous system which has multiple biologic effects including stimulation of muscle contraction, pain nociception, immune cell functions, plasma extravasation and a constellation of inflammatory effects. Here we investigate the role of SP in several animals models of bladder inflammation. Using the female Lewis rat, inflammation was induced using either xylene, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (polyIC). Inflammation occurred rapidly (4 h) and was maintained in each model for at least 7 days. Each of these protocols decreased the bladder content of immunoreactive SP by approximately 50%, suggesting enhanced release. There was no change in the urinary frequency of these animals over 3 weeks, suggesting that urinary frequency changes are not mediated by acute inflammation. We also found that the SP receptor (NK1) antagonist, (?)CP96345, was unable to block the inflammation produced by polyIC, suggesting that SP is not an obligatory mediator of immune cell stimulation in this model. 相似文献
55.
Suzanne D. LeBlang M.D. Diego B. Nuñez M.D. Anton Serafini M.D. Robert C. Duncan Ph.D. M. Judith Donovan Post M.D. Berta M. Montalvo M.D. Jose I. Becerra M.D. 《Emergency radiology》1997,4(4):191-199
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of helical computed tomography (CT) to detect arterial injuries in gunshot wounds to the neck. In a blinded retrospective review, 54 helical CT scans of the cervical spine were evaluated for bullet/bone fragments, subcutaneous air, bullet path, hematoma, spine fractures, and pharyngoesophageal compromise. The distance of fragments to a major vessel was calculated. CT findings that correlated significantly with major arterial injury included the presence of fragments (bullet/bone) close to a major vessel (2.5 mm) and spine fractures. Visualizing fragments <5 mm from a vessel or a transcervical bullet trajectory predicted 12 of 13 major arterial injuries. We conclude that CT clearly depicts anatomic damage. Specific findings, such as the location of fragments and bullet trajectory adjacent to a vessel and spine fractures, indicate a higher probability of vascular damage, thus directing more definitive evaluation. 相似文献
56.
57.
J. Richard Udry Ph.D. Judith Kovenock B.S. Naomi M. Morris M.D. M.P.H. Bea J. van den Berg M.D. 《Archives of sexual behavior》1995,24(3):329-337
Age at first intercourse for a sample of adult white women using variables measured during childhood is predicted. Childhood predictors were measured at birth, and ages 5 and 9–11, using existing public-use data on the women. Median age at first intercourse for the sample was 17.5 years. Early family predictors, early developmental characteristics, and temperamental characteristics during childhood together could predict about a fourth of the variance in age at first intercourse. The strongest predictors were motor skills and nightmares at age 5, church attendance with family at age 9, and domineering and mature personality at age 9.This research was supported by grants R01-HD23454 and P30-HD05798 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the annual meetings of the Population Association of America, Denver, Colorado, April 30–May 2, 1992. 相似文献
58.
Oscar A. Alvarez M.D. Judith A. Maples M.D. Fermin O. Tio M.D. Makau Lee M.D. Ph.D. 《The American journal of gastroenterology》1995,90(8):1350-1351
Cokeromyces recurvatus , a sporangiola-forming dimorphic is a rare cause of urogenital infection in humans. We report here a case of severe watery diarrhea due lo C. recurvains , which was treated successfully with high-dose oral nystatin therapy. We speculate that our patient was probably predisposed to infections due to opportunistic organisms, such as C. recurvatus , because of post-transplantation immunosuppression. To our knowledge, our patient represents the first documented case of diarrhea due to C. recurvatus in man und this ease highlights the potential pathogenic capability of this opportunistic organism in immunosuppressed patients. 相似文献
59.
60.
Rosario Reyes Melissa Haendel Deanna Grant Ellie Melancon Judith S Eisen 《Developmental dynamics》2004,229(1):30-41
Rohon-Beard cells are large, mechanosensory neurons located in the dorsal spinal cord of anamniote vertebrates. In most species studied to date, these cells die during development. We followed labeled Rohon-Beard cells in living zebrafish embryos and found that they degenerate slowly, over many days. During degeneration, the soma shrinks and finally disappears, and the processes become beady in appearance and finally break apart, but they do not retract. Zebrafish Rohon-Beard cells apparently fragment their DNA, as revealed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) labeling, before undergoing degenerative morphologic changes. We also followed the development of labeled dorsal root ganglion neurons, as they are developing at the same stages that Rohon-Beard cells are degenerating. We found that, although axons of both cell types extend into similar regions, Rohon-Beard cells degenerate normally in mutants lacking dorsal root ganglia, providing evidence that interactions between the two cell types are not responsible for Rohon-Beard cell degeneration. Developmental Dynamics 229:30-41,2004. 相似文献