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61.
Mònica Gratacòs Juan R González Josep M Mercader Rafael de Cid Mikel Urretavizcaya Xavier Estivill 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2007,61(7):911-922
BACKGROUND: There is an increasing recognition that the pathophysiology of mental disorders could be the result of deregulation of synaptic plasticity with alterations of neurotrophins. The valine (Val)66-to-methionine (Met) variant, located in the pro brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) sequence, has been extensively studied through linkage and association approaches in several psychiatric disorders. METHODS: We performed a meta-analysis restricted to individual case-control studies in different categories of mental disorders and BDNF Val66Met polymorphism. We included data from 39 case-control studies encompassing psychiatric phenotypes: eating disorders, substance-related disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia, among others. RESULTS: The association of Val66Met was confined to three diagnoses: substance-related disorders, eating disorders, and schizophrenia. The Val/Met and the Met/Met genotypes increase the risk for eating disorders up to 33%, while these same genotypes confer a 21% protective effect in substance-related disorders. The homozygous carriers Met/Met showed a 19% increased risk of schizophrenia with respect to the heterozygous state. CONCLUSIONS: The study confirms the association of Val66Met to substance-related disorders, eating disorders, and schizophrenia. It remains to be determined if other variants in tight linkage disequilibrium with Val66Met could configure an extended functional haplotype that would explain observed discrepancies in risk estimations across studies. 相似文献
62.
Stephen H Berns Ethan A Halm Hugh A Sampson Scott H Sicherer Paula J Busse Juan P Wisnivesky 《The Journal of asthma》2007,44(5):377-381
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between food allergy and asthma morbidity in adults. METHODS: We interviewed a cohort of persistent asthmatics from an inner-city clinic. Allergies to food were assessed by patient report of convincing symptoms of acute allergic reactions. Outcome variables included health resource utilization and medication use. RESULTS: The prevalence of allergy to fish, peanut, tree-nut, shellfish, and seed allergies were 3%, 3%, 3%, 13%, and 1%. Patients with allergies to > 1 food had increased asthma hospitalizations, ED visits, and use of oral steroids (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). Specifically, allergy to fish was associated with a greater risk of health resource utilization and increased frequency of oral steroid use (p < or = 0.03 for all comparisons). CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported allergy to foods was associated with worse outcomes, suggesting that food allergy may be a risk factor for increased asthma morbidity in adults. 相似文献
63.
José M Quintana Inmaculada Arostegui Antonio Escobar Iratxe Lafuente Juan C Arenaza Isidoro Garcia Urko Aguirre 《BMC musculoskeletal disorders》2007,8(1):84
Background
To develop a sensitive and specific screening tool for knee and hip osteoarthritis in the general population of elderly people. 相似文献64.
Michael C. Cheung Eduardo A. Perez Manuel A. Molina Xiaoling Jin Juan C. Gutierrez Dido Franceschi Alan S. Livingstone Leonidas G. Koniaris 《Journal of gastrointestinal surgery》2008,12(4):731-738
Objective The objective of the study was to determine the outcomes for primary gastrointestinal melanomas (PGIM).
Material and methods The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (1973–2004) was queried.
Results Overall, 659 cases of PGIM were identified. The annual incidence of PGIM was approximately 0.47 cases per million in 2000.
Overall median survival time was 17 months. Tumors were identified in the oral–nasopharynx (32.8%), anal canal (31.4%), rectum
(22.2%), esophagus (5.9%), stomach (2.7%), small bowel (2.3%), gallbladder (1.4%), and large bowel (0.9%). Univariate analysis
demonstrated age, tumor location, stage, surgery, and lymph node status were significant predictors of improved survival.
MST has not been reached for tumors located in the large bowel, while tumors located in the stomach demonstrated the shortest
median survival (5 months). Improvement in MST was observed for those patients undergoing surgical resection. The presence
of lymph node involvement conferred a poorer prognosis. Multivariate analysis of the cohort identified that location, advanced
tumor stage, failure to undertake surgical resection, positive lymph node status, and age were all independent predictors
of poorer outcome.
Conclusion PGIM occurs most often in the oral–nasopharynx and anal canal. Surgical extirpation is the only identifiable treatment modality
that significantly improves survival. 相似文献
65.
Attila Csendes Paula Csendes Patricio Burdiles Juan Carlos Diaz Fernando Maluenda Ana Maria Burgos 《Journal of gastrointestinal surgery》2007,11(10):1294-1297
INTRODUCTION : In patients with common bile duct (CBD) stones, the diameter of the CBD is usually dilated. After surgery, the behavior of CBD diameter is not clearly known. OBJECTIVE : To determine at a late follow-up the width of CBD before and after choledochostomy for CBD stones. MATERIAL AND METHODS : In this prospective study, 39 patients with gallstones and CBD stones were included. They were 30 women and 9 men with a mean age of 52.6 years. In all ultrasound, determination of the CBD caliber before and 12 years after surgery was performed. RESULTS : The mean value of the inner diameter of the CBD before surgery was 11.6 and 12.3 mm in patients below or above 60 years, respectively. Measurement 12 years after surgery showed a mean decrease of nearly 50% of preoperative values, which was highly significant (p < 0.0001). However, either below or above 60 years, only 75% of the patients showed this decrease, whereas 25% remained unchanged. CONCLUSION : The dilated preoperative CBD returns to normal or near normal values in 3/4 of the patients after surgical exploration of the CBD and extraction of the stones. 相似文献
66.
Familial hypercholesterolaemia is a frequent, inherited, monogenic disorder, associated with accelerated development of atherosclerotic disease leading to coronary artery disease. Life expectancy of patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia is reduced by 15-30 years unless they are adequately treated with lipid-lowering therapy. Given the chronic nature of this disease, the selection of a therapeutic approach should be strongly based on its long-term safety and tolerability. The introduction of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors has revolutionised the treatment of familial hypercholesterolaemia.Simvastatin 40-80 mg/day effectively reduces serum low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels. Furthermore, simvastatin reduces triglycerides and mildly raises high density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels. In addition to the hypolipidaemic effect, other potentially important effects, such as improvement of endothelial function and reduction of LDL oxidation and vascular inflammation, have been associated with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor therapy. Simvastatin has also been shown to abolish the progression, and even facilitate the regression, of existing human atherosclerotic lesions.The good safety and tolerability profile of simvastatin is clearly highlighted by the low rate of therapy discontinuation observed in several population-based clinical trials. The most common adverse events leading to the discontinuation of therapy are gastrointestinal upset and headache. Asymptomatic elevations in liver transaminase levels and myopathy are uncommon.The overwhelming clinical evidence regarding the long-term use of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor therapy in patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia together with the long-term safety data (particularly relating to simvastatin) provide support for the use of this drug as a first-line agent when pharmacological treatment is indicated. Early intervention with simvastatin treatment can be successfully implemented with favourable economic benefits. 相似文献
67.
Van Buskirk Glenn A. González Mario A. Shah Vinod P. Barnhardt Scott Barrett Colin Berge Stephen Cleary Gary Chan Keith Flynn Gordon Foster Thomas Gale Robert Garrison Raymond Gochnour Scott Gotto Amanda Govil Sharad Gray Vivian A. Hammar James Harder Samuel Hoiberg Charles Hussain Ajaz Karp Carol Llanos Hector Mantelle Juan Noonan Patrick Swanson David Zerbe Horst 《Pharmaceutical research》1997,14(7):848-852
Pharmaceutical Research - 相似文献
68.
69.
70.
住院医师临床技能评估方法探讨 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
该文总结了安徽省立医院住院医师培训情况,提出了必须引入实践性考核作为住院医师临床技能考核的主要方式。根据临床技能评价的项目,制定了内科、外科、影像科住院医师临床技能评估指标体系,确立了临床技能考核的原则,并组织实施。这种评估方法能全面考核住院医师的临床技能,但在新的医疗形势下,需建立相关配套措施来保证实施。 相似文献