非小细胞肺癌中p16 INK4／CDKN2基因的缺失和点突变

目的为了探讨周期素依赖性激酶４抑制因子基因（ｐ１６ＩＮＫ４）与肺癌发生的关系。方法采用双重ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ和序列分析方法，对３１例原发性非小细胞肺癌中ｐ１６ＩＮＫ４基因的存在状况进行了研究。结果３例存在ｐ１６基因缺失（３／３１），其中１例整个ｐ１６基因发生缺失，另两例则分别为外显子１和外显子２缺失；ｐ１６基因点突变２例（２／３１），外显子１和外显子２各一例；并发现在这五例基因异常样品中，４例（２例缺失和２例点突变）样品均为淋巴转移的非小细胞肺癌（４／２０）。结论提示ｐ１６基因失活和某些非小细胞肺癌（５／３１）的发生有关，并且可能发生在癌症的晚期。     

NAG微量酶反应比色法在IL-2活性检测中的应用

本文研究了NAG微量酶反应比色法在IL-2活性检测中的应用,结果表明IL-2活性测定所用的CTLL-2细胞浓度与OD值呈直线关系(r=0.964715)。本文还探讨了NAG法在IL-2活性测定中CTLL-2细胞浓度,培养时间对检测效果的影响。本法与~3H—TdR掺入法和MTT法相比有较好的一致性。     

酵母双杂合系统AD端阴离子交换蛋白C-末端表达质粒的构建

利用PCR方法，从阴离子交换蛋白1（AE1）全长cDNA中扩增出约350bp c末端cDNA片段，测序后将其克隆至pGADT7载体上，用醋酸锂法构建好的pADT7-AE1-c末端转染酵母菌HA109，观察其在选择性培养基上的表达情况。结果表明，获得了530bp AE1c－末端cDNA,pGADT7-AE1-c末端对酵母无毒性，不能激活检测基因，可作为酵母双杂合系统中的靶基因。     

The relationship between muscle kinetic parameters and kinematic variables in a complex movement

Summary Kinematic variables of the vertical jump (jumping height, jump phase durations and joint angles) were measured on 39 male physical education students. In addition, kinetic parameters of the hip and knee extensors, and of the plantar flexors (maxima voluntary force and its rate of development) were recorded on the same subjects, in isometric conditions. The results demonstrated significant positive correlations between kinetic parameters of the active muscle groups and jumping height (r=0.217−0.464). The dominant effect on these correlations was due to the knee extensors. Correlations between these parameters and the duration of the jump phases were much weaker. Correlation coefficients between kinetic parameters and limb angles in the lowest body position showed that fast force production in one muscle group was related to a significant decrease in the joint angles of distant body segments. Multiple correlation coefficients between leg extensor parameters and kinematic variables (ranging between 0.256 for the duration of the counter-movement phase and 0.616 for jump height) suggested that kinetic parameters could explain more than a quarter of the variability of this complex human movement. Therefore, the conclusion was drawn that an extended set of measurements of the relevant musculo-skeletal system parameters could predict a considerable amount of the variability of human movement. However, high correlation coefficients between the same kinetic parameters of different muscle groups suggest that not all active muscle groups have to be included in the measurements.     

Muscle-specific expression of the smyd1 gene is controlled by its 5.3-kb promoter and 5'-flanking sequence in zebrafish embryos.

Zebrafish SmyD1 is a SET and MYND domain-containing protein that plays an important role in myofiber maturation and muscle contraction. SmyD1 is required for myofibril organization and sarcomere assembly during myofiber maturation. Whole-mount in situ hybridization revealed that smyd1 mRNAs are specifically expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscles in zebrafish embryos. However, it is unknown if smyd1 is expressed in other striated muscles, such as cranial and fin muscles, and moreover, the regulatory elements required for its muscle-specific expression. We report here the analyses of smyd1 expression using smyd1-gfp transgenic zebrafish. smyd1-gfp transgenic zebrafish were generated using the 5.3-kb smyd1 promoter and its 5'-flanking sequence. GFP expression was found in the skeletal and cardiac muscles of smyd1-gfp transgenic embryos. GFP expression appeared stronger in slow muscles than fast muscles in transgenic zebrafish larvae. In addition, GFP expression was also detected in cranial and fin muscles of smyd1-gfp transgenic zebrafish larvae. In situ hybridization confirmed smyd1 mRNA expression in these tissues, suggesting that the expression of the smyd1-gfp transgene recapitulated that of the endogenous smyd1 gene. Deletion analysis revealed that the 0.5-kb sequence in the proximal promoter of smyd1 was essential for its muscle specificity. Together, these data indicate that smyd1 is specifically expressed in most, if not all, striated muscles, and the muscle specificity is controlled by the 5.3-kb promoter and flanking sequences.     

Methodologic study of direct preparation for chromosome analysis of human solid brain tumors.

Human malignant glioma grown in athymic nude mice (NHG-1) and three freshly resected human solid gliomas were used in the study of factors influencing the direct preparation (DP) for chromosome analysis of human solid tumors. The results showed that: 1) the length of time after the blood supply was obstructed was a major factor in reducing the success rate of DP, i.e., a 2-hour delay resulted in a significantly lowered metaphase number and after 4 hours almost no metaphases could be seen; 2) preserving tumor cells at 4 degrees C may prolong the time limit to about 4 hours; 3) culture medium (RPMI 1640 and Eagle MEM) and bovine calf serum concentration (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%) did not influence the success rate significantly; 4) colchicine concentration (0.025 micrograms/mL, 0.05 micrograms/mL, 0.1 micrograms/mL) and time of treatment (30 min, 90 min, or 180 min) mainly affected the quality of chromosomes observed but had little effect on the quantity of metaphases that might be obtained. Based on these results, we had a success rate of more than 80% in 72 xenografts and 22 human brain tumors.     

电针退热时家兔的血浆及脑脊液中前列腺素E_2含量的变化

本实验用家兔复制内毒素性发热模型,观察电针退热时血浆,CSF中PGE_2含量的变化。实验结果表明:在发热高峰期,两组动物的血浆、CSF中PGE_2含量都比发热前明显升高(P<0.091)。电针对内毒素性发热有明显地抑制作用。电针组动物的血浆及CSF中PGE_2含量明显低于对照组(P<0.001)。作者推论:PGE_2是内毒素性发热的一种中枢性发热介质,电针的退热作用可能是通过一种未知方式抑制中枢PGE_2的产生或释放而实现的。     

大白鼠脊髓向延髓外侧网状核投射的体部定位——HRP顺行法研究

向大白鼠脊髓的颈、腰膨大和胸髓右侧半分别注入HRP或WGA—HRP,研究了脊髓向延髓外侧网状核的投射。 1.双侧的三叉神经下亚核同时接受颈、胸和腰髓来的投射。 2.大白鼠脊髓主要投射于外侧网状核的尾侧半,有一定的体部定位关系。颈髓投射于双侧大细胞亚核的外侧2/3及与共相邻接的一部分小细胞亚核内,以同侧投射为主。胸髓投射于双侧的大细胞亚核的内侧2/3和与之相邻接的一部分小细胞亚核内,两侧无明显差別。腰髓投射于双侧小细胞亚核和与之相邻接的部分大细胞亚核内,以对侧投射为主。它们相互间有部分重叠。 3.颈、胸和腰髓内外侧网状核投射的神经元位于从背角至腹角的灰质内,越边投射的神经元比不越边投射的神经元位置更靠腹侧。     

Association of the CTLA-4 gene with rheumatoid arthritis in Chinese Han population

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is important for downregulation of T-cell activation, and CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms have been implicated as risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Previous studies of the association between the +49 polymorphism of the CTLA-4 gene in RA have provided conflicting results. In order to determine association of the CTLA-4 gene with RA in Chinese Han population, we used denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) to genotype polymorphisms of four SNPs (MH30, +49, CT60 and JO31) of the CTLA-4 gene in 326 RA patients and 250 healthy controls. Furthermore, meta-analysis of all available studies relating +49 polymorphism to the risk of RA was performed to confirm the disease association. Among the SNPs examined, the genotype frequencies of CTLA-4 +49 and CT60 in RA patients differed significantly from controls (P=0.028 and 0.007). In addition, the distribution of four haplotypes constructed by these two SNPs was significantly different between patients and controls (chi(2)=10.58, d.f. =3, P=0.014). The meta-analysis also revealed that in both European and Asian populations, the CLTA-4 +49 G allele was associated with the risk of RA. These results suggested that the CTLA-4 gene might be involved in the susceptibility to RA in the Chinese Han population and both +49 and CT60 of CTLA-4 gene might be the causal variants in RA disease.