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141.
Youssef AR Shen CR Lin CL Barker RN Elson CJ 《Clinical and experimental immunology》2005,139(1):84-89
New Zealand Black (NZB) mice spontaneously develop autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA). Here the effect of injecting NZB mice with plasmids encoding IL-4 (pIL-4) or IL-10 (pIL-10) on NZB disease was tested. Both constructs delayed the development of anaemia as judged by increased haematocrit values as compared with controls, but neither altered the IgG1 to IgG2 red blood cell (RBC) bound autoantibody levels. The increased haematocrit value was associated temporally with increased RBC bound IgG in NZB mice treated with pIL-10, but not pIL-4. By contrast, up-regulation of splenic macrophage FcgammaRIIb2 mRNA was associated temporally with increased haematocrit values in NZB mice given pIL-4. However, no such increase occurred in NZB mice that inhaled a peptide containing a dominant T-cell epitope, although this treatment is known to bias the autoimmune response towards Th2 and to reduce the severity of anaemia. It is considered that IL-4 treatment, in part, ameliorates NZB anaemia by increasing the expression of the inhibitory FcgammaRIIb2 and thereby reducing the capacity of splenic macrophages to phagocytose autoantibody coated RBC, but that this mechanism does not explain the beneficial effects of the inhaled peptide. 相似文献
142.
143.
人和大鼠腰椎关节突关节的SP能神经纤维的分布 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:证实支配腰椎关节突关节的神经支配和化学性质,方法:用逆行荧光素标记结合免疫组化法,研究7只大鼠腰部脊神经节细胞的周围突分支投射到腰椎关节突关节及其递质性质以及3例人腰椎关节突关节囊上神经末梢的化学性质,结果:发现大鼠一侧L5和L6之间的关节突关节受同侧L2-5节段的脊神经节的部分细胞周围突分支支配,其中有33.399%的中型和小型细胞为中SP能免疫反应阳性,人的关节突关节囊含有SP阳性的神经 相似文献
144.
145.
Atm is a stress-induced DNA damage checkpoint protein kinase with multiple roles in cell-cycle progression. Recent evidence indicates that Atm also plays a role in stem cell maintenance and self-renewal. It is not known whether Atm has a role during tissue regeneration. Using liver regeneration as a model system, we examined the role of Atm in this process. Here, we show that the expression levels of Atm protein were gradually increased during liver regeneration and this was correlated with the onset of DNA replication. The induction of Stat3 and JNK signaling, which are essential processes in normal regeneration response, was attenuated during the early phases of liver regeneration in Atm-deficient mice. P53 was transiently phosphorylated at serine 23 during liver regeneration in an Atm-dependent manner. In addition, we found that cyclin A induction was delayed and p21 was over-expressed, both of these processes were correlated with reduced and delayed DNA replication in Atm(-/-) mice during liver regeneration. Finally, we show that increased apoptosis was observed in Atm(-/-) mice in response to partial hepatectomy, indicating that Atm is required for the survival of hepatocytes. Collectively, these data indicate that liver regeneration is impaired in Atm-deficient mice. Given that liver is the first line of defense against environmental toxins, the elucidation of the function of Atm and Atm-mediated signaling pathways in liver metabolism and in response to environmental toxins is of fundamental interest. 相似文献
146.
细胞性一氧化氮供体的建立及其对肿瘤细胞凋亡的诱导效应 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目的一氧化氮(NO)供体细胞系的建立及其对肿瘤细胞凋亡的诱导效应研究。方法采用3H-胍氨酸转换法进行NO合成酶(NOS)活性测定;亚硝酸盐检测;DNA片段的提取及凝胶电泳分析;凋亡细胞的DAPI染色观察;Westernblot分析。结果将iNOS真核表达质粒、pCMV/iNOS转染至Sp2/0骨髓瘤的变异株中,并获得能稳定表达iNOS和合成NO的重组细胞系(SPmt/iNOS),表达iNOS的效率为每升培养物含400μg蛋白。利用该细胞作NO细胞性供体,成功地证实NO能诱导Sp2/0骨髓瘤细胞发生凋亡。结论所建细胞性NO供体应用于NO的生物学功能研究具有NO合成稳定;更能模拟体内细胞间NO的信息传递过程;不需任何外源刺激即可合成NO等独特优点。所建NO供体细胞可以用于肿瘤细胞凋亡的研究。 相似文献
147.
T-cell specificity in murine autoimmune haemolytic anaemia induced by rat red blood cells 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) can be induced in mice by repeated injections with rat red blood cells (RBC). Here we describe the identification of rat and murine RBC antigens recognized by T-cells from mice with this disease. Splenic T-cells from mice with AIHA proliferated in response to multiple murine RBC membrane components, each of which is recognized by rat RBC induced autoantibodies. Thus, there were responses to murine autoantigen fractions that correspond in apparent molecular mass with the anion channel Band 3, with spectrin from the membrane skeleton and with the high and low molecular mass glycophorins, and the equivalent fractions from rat RBC also stimulated proliferation by T-cells. It was confirmed that purified Band 3 from murine and rat RBC also elicited responses. In contrast with the results in AIHA, T-cells from healthy control mice failed to respond to the antigens from either species, with the exception of proliferation induced by murine spectrin in one experiment and weak responses elicited by rat Band 3. It is suggested that T-cells activated by multiple cross-reactions between rat and murine RBC proteins, and by epitope spreading, are necessary to drive autoantibody production in this model of AIHA. 相似文献
148.
Association of Low Concentrations of Serum Mannose-Binding Protein with Recurrent Infections in Adults 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5 下载免费PDF全文
Vellalore N. Kakkanaiah Guo Qiu Shen Emmanuel A. Ojo-Amaize James B. Peter 《Clinical and Vaccine Immunology : CVI》1998,5(3):319-321
Low concentrations of mannose-binding protein (MBP; also known as mannose-binding lectin) are associated with common opsonic defect in immunodeficient children. We compared the concentrations of MBP in the sera of 47 adults with non-human immunodeficiency virus-related recurrent infections (group I) and 50 healthy adult controls. Mean serum MBP concentrations in the patient group did not differ significantly from those in the control group (P < 0.4). Nevertheless, the proportion of individuals with less than 5 ng of serum MBP per ml was significantly larger in the patient group (21%, P = 0.01) than in the control group (4%). Group II consisted of 73 pediatric and 56 adult patients with recurrent infections. Pediatric patients had significantly lower mean concentrations of serum MBP than their controls (P < 0.005), and there was no significant difference between the concentrations in sera of adult patients and adult controls (P < 0.4). Again, the proportion of individuals with less than 5 ng of serum MBP per ml was significantly larger in both pediatric (22%, P = 0.045) and adult (38%, P = 0.000016) patients than in their respective controls (4%). Our results demonstrate that, as in children, low concentrations of serum MBP can be associated with recurrent infections in adults. 相似文献
149.
胶原基真皮再生支架的微结构控制 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
综述了影响胶原基真皮再生支架微结构的各种因素及其控制方法。胶原基真皮支架的生物活性和修复创面的能力受到诸如除胶原外的其它主要材料 (第二组分 )、支架的孔径和孔隙率、支架厚度、生物活性因子以及交联度等多方面因素的综合影响。从材料学、生物学和医学的角度综合地应用物理、化学和生物学的手段探索各种影响因素的控制方法是组织工程皮肤研究的重点。 相似文献
150.
Sambasivan S Fischer DA Shen MC Hsu SM 《Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials》2004,70(2):278-285
Wear and wear debris of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) in joint replacements have been recognized as one of the major contributors to the failure of orthopedic implants. The detailed wear mechanism of polyethylene under biomechanic motions is not well understood. In simulation wear bench tests, it was found that unidirectional sliding produces the least amount of wear, reciprocating motion increases wear significantly, and cross-shear motion (similar to hip and knee joint motion in the human body) produces the highest amount of wear. Conventional wear theories are inadequate to explain this observation. This study utilizes resonant absorption of linearly polarized soft X-rays at a synchrotron radiation beam line to measure the molecular orientation of a UHMWPE surface layer subjected to different wear motions. Carbon-K-edge partial-electron-yield X-ray absorption measurements were done on the worn UHMWPE samples. X-ray absorption measurements show conclusively that the molecular chains of UHMWPE align preferentially parallel to the direction of sliding. Examination under various wear motions showed that unidirectional shear produced the maximum chain orientation, whereas cross-shear wear motions produced the least amount of orientation. When polymeric chains align, the surface layer tends to be more brittle and hard, thus resisting wear. When they do not align, loose chains may be subjected to both Mode I and Mode II fracture, hence increasing the wear rate. This molecular alignment observation may offer an explanation of why different wear motions have different wear characteristics. 相似文献