Value of preoperative urine white blood cell and nitrite in predicting postoperative infection following percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a meta-analysis

BackgroundTo evaluate to what degree preoperative urine white blood cell (WBC) and urine nitrite (NIT) values are predictive of postoperative infections following percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).MethodsA systematic literature search was performed of the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Wanfang Data, National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and China Science and Technology Journal Database (CSTJ or VIP) online databases to identify relevant studies that examined the predictive value of urine WBC or NIT as risk factors for post-PCNL infection, and the search was finished on February 28, 2020. Two independent reviewers screened the relevant studies, extracted necessary data from the eligible case-control studies (CCS), and assessed the quality of included studies through the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). RevMan 5.3 software and the Stata 16.0 software were used to complete the statistical analysis of data. Results are expressed as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsAccording to the statistical analysis of 12 eligible studies involving 6113 patients, positive urine WBC (WBC+: OR =3.86, 95% CI: 3.03–4.91, P<0.001) and positive NIT (NIT⁺: OR =7.81, 95% CI: 5.44–11.21, P<0.001) in preoperative tests were identified as independent risk factors for postoperative infections following PCNL.ConclusionsIn summary, as risk factors for postoperative infections, the presence of preoperative urine WBC+ and NIT+ should be evaluated as part of clinical procedure, in order to reduce infections of PCNL.     

Two immunogenic recombinant protein vaccine candidates showed disparate protective efficacy against Zika virus infection in rhesus macaques

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has caused major public health problems recently. To develop subunit vaccines for ZIKV, we have previously constructed recombinant ZIKV envelope protein domain III (EDIII), and the entire ectodomain (E80, which comprises EDI, EDII and EDIII), as vaccine candidates and showed both of them being immunogenic and protective in murine models. In this follow-up study, we compared these vaccine candidates in non-human primates. Both of them elicited neutralizing antibody responses, but only E80 immunization inhibited ZIKV infection in both peripheral blood and monkey tissues, whereas EDIII increased blood ZIKV RNA through possibly antibody-dependent enhancement. Further investigations revealed that the virion-binding antibody response in E80 immunized monkeys persisted longer and stronger than in EDIII immunized monkeys. These results demonstrate that E80 is superior to EDIII as a vaccine candidate, and that the magnitude, quality and durability of virion-binding neutralizing antibodies are correlates of protection.     

Characterisation of the IgE-binding immunodominant epitopes on Ara h1

Peanut allergy is one of the most severe food allergies due to its persistency and life-threatening character. Serum IgE from patients with documented peanut hypersensitivity reactions and synthetic peptides were used to screen the linear IgE-binding epitopes on the major peanut allergen, Ara h 1. Five major epitopes that bound peanut-specific serum IgE from more than 60% of patients tested were identified. Mutational analysis of the immunodominant epitope showed that single amino acid changes had dramatic effects on IgE-binding characteristics. Mapping and characterisation of the IgE-binding epitopes on Ara h1 could be used in future immunotherapeutic approaches for peanut allergy disease.     

高山红景天多糖对小鼠抗柯萨奇B5病毒感染能力的研究

对感染柯萨奇Ｂ５病毒（ＣＶＢ）小鼠模型研究结果表明，高山红景天多糖对发病小鼠心肌功能改善和免疫功能提高均具有明显的促进作用。增强了小鼠抗ＣＶＢ５感染的能力，并对由ＣＢＶ感染性疾病也有一定的防治作用。     

工厂两级计算机系统之间的通讯

论述了IBM-PC及其兼容机之间的点点通讯,加装调制解调器通讯距离可达数公里。采用该技术可完成厂部与车间两级计算机系统的分级管理与控制。     

孕妇风疹病毒IgG、IgM检测及意义

目的：了解温州地区孕妇对风疹的免疫状态,探讨风疹病毒IgG、IgM检测对评估孕妇免疫状态及判断风疹宫内感染的作用。方法：用ELISA法对1471名产前检查孕妇检测风疹病毒特异性抗体IgG、IgM,电镜检查和分子生物学法检查组织中病毒颗粒和病毒核酸。结果：76.07%（1119／1471）的孕妇具有免疫力,7.41%（109／1471）有孕妇为原发感染,14.14%的孕妇为易感,2.38%（35／1471）的孕妇IgG、IgM均呈阳性,其中1例引产胎儿心肌细胞和1例死胎的心肌、肝及脑细胞中均发现病毒颗粒。结论：同时检测孕妇风疹IgG和IgM可以正确判断孕妇的免疫状态,对IgM阳性孕妇应进行连续多次检测,IgM持续呈阳性三个月以上的孕妇可大致确定为宫内感染。     

心肌梗死后心室肌细胞内钙离子浓度变化及比索洛尔对其的影响

目的　观察心肌梗死 (MI)后应用比索洛尔的保护作用与心室肌细胞内钙离子 ([Ca2 +]i)的关系 .方法　建立兔MI模型 ,采用钙敏感性荧光探针 Fluo- 3为 [Ca2 +]i 指示剂 ,应用激光扫描共聚焦技术测定 MI后急性分离的非梗死区心室肌 [Ca2 +]i 及比索洛尔对其影响 .结果　对细胞负载 Fluo-3/AM后的细胞内游离 Ca2 +图像观察发现 ,MI心室肌细胞荧光强度、密度明显强于 Sham组及 β- B组 (P<0 .0 0 1及 P<0 .0 5 ) .Sham组、MI组及 β- B组心室肌细胞的平均荧光强度分别为 2 93± 72 ,6 70± 131,40 2± 92 .结论　 MI后非梗死心室肌细胞内 Ca2 +超载 ,比索洛尔治疗 3wk可减轻心室肌细胞内 Ca2 +超载 .     

贵阳市花溪区高坡乡不明原因疾病病因初探

目的：探索一起以多神经炎症状为主的不明原因疾病暴发流行的病因,预防控制类似疾病的发生与流行。方法：采用流行病学现况调查及实验室检测进行了连续5年的调研。结果：该不明原因疾病的发病率为8．51％;从病人粪便标本中分离出1株柯萨奇B组2型病毒,并与其双份血清中和抗体反应呈两倍变化,另有5例病人血清中和抗体滴度大于1：160或1：320;病区煤、土壤、大米、辣椒及病人发砷含量均超过国家标准;病人血红蛋白(Hb)及维生素B。(VitB1)值在正常范围。通过抗病毒治疗病人基本痊愈。结论：病因调查结果认为,此次多神经炎暴发流行不排除病毒感染,不排除环境介质中砷含量较高。     

缓激肽对缺血-再灌注兔心肌能量代谢的延迟性作用

目的　通过在体兔心肌缺血再灌注模型探讨缓激肽(BK)对缺血再灌注心肌能量代谢的延迟性影响 .方法　 36只健康新西兰兔 ,随机分为 3组 . 组 (对照组 ) :建立动物模型后关胸 ,2 4h后心肌缺血 40 m in,再灌注 6 0 m in. 组 (BK组 ) :建立动物模型后给予 BK左室内灌注 5 0 μg· (kg·min) - 1 ,共 10 m in,其余同 组 . 组 (HOE140组 )第 1日建立模型后输注 BK时给予 BK B2 受体拮抗剂 HOE140 iv10μg· kg- 1 ,其余同 组 .分别测定各组缺血 2 0 min,40 m in及再灌注后心肌 ATP、磷酸肌酸、糖原及乳酸含量 .结果　 BK组在缺血 2 0 min时 ATP、磷酸肌酸、糖原含量明显高于对照组 ,乳酸含量低于对照组 ;缺血 40 m in BK组 ATP、磷酸肌酸、糖原及乳酸与对照组相比无明显差异 ;再灌注后 ATP、磷酸肌酸、糖原含量再次明显高于对照组 ,乳酸含量与对照组相比则明显降低 .而 HOE140组各项指标同对照组相比无明显差异 .结论　 BK能够延迟性改善兔心肌缺血再灌注的能量代谢