利培酮、氯氮平治疗精神分裂症患者生活质量的长期随访对照研究

目的　探讨长期服用利培酮对精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响作用。方法　对 1997年 7月～ 2 0 0 0年 6月住院服用利培酮或氯氮平治疗达痊愈或显著进步、出院后回归社会达 18个月及以上的 174例精神分裂症患者 (利培酮 89例、氯氮平 75例 )的生活质量进行了分别于 2 0 0 0年 7月和 2 0 0 1年 7月进行了两次追踪随访对照研究。结果　第二次随访利培酮组患者的随访成功率高于氯氮平组 (χ2 =34.11,P <0 .0 0 0 1) ;利培酮组患者的生活质量两次随访结果均极显著高于氯氮平组 ,且利培酮组患者的生活质量较之一年前随访又有新的提高 ,多元逐步回归分析表明 :出院时服用药物剂量和种类是影响患者生活质量的较强因素。结论　利培酮能够提高精神分裂症患者的生活质量 ,远期疗效更突出     

微波照射对小鼠海马细胞膜ATPase活性和离子通道的影响

目的从电生理、酶学角度探讨微波照射对海马细胞的影响机理。方法用 2 4 5 0MHz连续波照射理疗机为照射源 ,以小白鼠为对象 ,观察微波照射强度为 1 0mW /cm2 时小鼠海马细胞膜Na+,K+ AT Pase、Ca2 +,Mg2 + ATPase活性、电压门控型Na+、K+、Ca2 +通道的变化情况 ,分别用组织化学染色法和膜片钳方法测定ATPase活性和离子通道功能。结果 1 )照射组海马Na+,K+ ATPase活性与对照组无显著差别 ,Ca2 +,Mg2 + ATPase活性比对照组显著降低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;2 )照射组静息电位未发生显著变化 ,电压门控型Na+、K+、Ca2 +电流的诱导发生率显著地低于对照组 ,Na+电流峰值所在膜电位向去极化方向偏移 ,Na+电流衰减速率减慢 ,A电流的发生率显著低于对照。结论 2 4 5 0MHz微波照射小鼠 ,在 1 0mW /cm2 时 ,细胞的生存不会受影响 ,但海马细胞膜Ca2 +,Mg2 + ATPase活性受到抑制 ,电压门控型Na+、K+、Ca2 +离子通道受到损害 ,有可能影响学习记忆功能     

经直肠超声引导下经会阴125I粒子永久植入治疗前列腺癌的初步经验

目的探讨经直肠超声引导下经会阴125I粒子永久植入治疗前列腺癌的疗效和并发症。方法本组前列腺癌患者5例。年龄61￣83岁,平均70.4岁。临床分期T2bN0M0者2例,T3aN0M0者3例。Gleason评分6分者2例,7分者1例,8分者2例。术前前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)4.5￣17.5ng/ml。T3a期患者植入治疗前先行内分泌治疗。术前制定治疗计划,经直肠超声引导下经会阴125I粒子永久植入操作。术后观察PSA水平变化,连续3次PSA升高即为生化复发,观察术后尿路和直肠并发症发生情况。结果5例患者均术后恢复顺利。术后随访18个月,PSA均明显下降,PSA为0.1ng/ml者3例,0.01ng/ml者1例,0.04ng/m1者1例。5例患者术后均出现不同程度的尿路刺激症状,但6个月后逐渐好转。4例术后出现排便次数增多,术后3个月均好转。未发现尿失禁、直肠溃疡等并发症。结论经直肠超声引导下经会阴125I粒子永久植入治疗前列腺癌的疗效确切,创伤较小。     

Analysis of epidermal growth factor receptor and activated epidermal growth factor receptor expression in pituitary adenomas and carcinomas.

Epidermal growth factor receptor plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many malignancies. Various growth factors, including epidermal growth factor receptor, have been shown to influence pituitary tumor growth and differentiation. To analyze the role of epidermal growth factor receptor in pituitary tumor development, we examined normal pituitaries (n=8), pituitary adenomas (n=158), and pituitary carcinomas (n=7) for expression of epidermal growth factor receptor protein and messenger RNA using tissue microarrays and RT-PCR. We also examined (a) the expression of phospho-epidermal growth factor receptor, the activated form of epidermal growth factor receptor, in pituitary tumors and normal pituitaries by immunohistochemistry and (b) the effects on epidermal growth factor receptor expression of treating pituitary cells (HP75 cell line) with epidermal growth factor. Epidermal growth factor receptor and the phosphorylated variant expression were present in normal pituitary cells. Epidermal growth factor receptor messenger RNA was also detected in normal pituitaries, pituitary adenomas, and carcinomas by in situ hybridization and RT-PCR. Most pituitary adenomas showed expression of epidermal growth factor receptor and the phosphorylated variant. Nonfunctional adenomas showed higher levels of expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (76 vs 34%) and of phospho-epidermal growth factor receptor (26 vs 8%) as compared to functional adenomas. Five of seven pituitary carcinomas showed strong expression of both epidermal growth factor receptor and phospho-epidermal growth factor receptor. When a human pituitary cell line (HP75) was cultured in the presence of epidermal growth factor receptor, there was an increase in the levels of both epidermal growth factor receptor and phospho-epidermal growth factor receptor after 5 h of treatment, thus confirming that epidermal growth factor receptor signaling was active in pituitary tumors. These results indicate that activated epidermal growth factor receptor is expressed in pituitary adenomas and carcinomas. Higher levels in pituitary carcinomas suggest a role in pituitary tumor progression.     

胶原酶在治疗烧、创伤创面中应用的临床观察

目的　探讨胶原酶制剂治疗烧、创伤创面的临床疗效。方法　创面常规清创后涂胶原酶制剂外敷凡士林纱布或无菌纱布包扎 ,每日或隔日换药。结果　本组 2 2 0例 ,其中 4 4例浅Ⅱ度烧伤创面用药后 8～ 11d基本愈合 ,83例深Ⅱ度创面 12～ 18d愈合 ,4 2例Ⅲ度创面用药 7～ 10d基本达到植皮条件 ,5 1例创伤所致肌腱、韧带、骨骼等外露创面用药 12～ 19d基本具备植皮条件。结论　胶原酶治疗烧、创伤创面 ,具有加速坏死组织液化、促进损伤部位残留表皮细胞生长、利于创面修复和减轻瘢痕的作用     

重氮乳胶反向凝集试验与乳凝试验在血吸虫病临床诊断中的应用研究

本文应用日本血吸虫虫卵单克隆抗体及虫卵可溶性抗原，分别致敏新型免疫微球载体重氮基聚苯乙烯乳胶，制备出血吸虫反向乳凝试剂与乳凝试剂，并用于检测血吸虫病患者血清标本中的相应抗原和相应抗体，以此试验检测１９７份急慢性血吸虫病患者血清标本。结果反向乳凝试剂检出率为９０．４％，乳凝试剂检出率为９５．２％，均高于反向间接血凝法的８５．０％。反向乳凝试验与乳凝试验联合应用，既可早期诊断，又可判断疗效。试验采用玻片凝集法，３ｍｉｎ内即出结果，方法敏感．特异、简便和快速。     

小红参滴丸的制备工艺研究

目的 :研究小红参滴丸的最佳成型工艺条件。方法 :采用正交试验法 ,考察了提取物与基质配比、滴制温度、滴头口径大小等因素TLC定性鉴别。结果 :药物提取物 :基质 (1:1.4 ) ,滴制温度 85℃ ,滴头口径 1/ 2mm (内径 /外径 )。滴速 (8± 2 )滴 /min ,滴距 8cm ,冷却剂温度 (4± 2 )℃ ,柱高 6 0cm进行滴制 ,滴丸的成型率最高。结论 :证明此工艺可行 ,成品得率高 ,符合滴丸剂的质量标准。     

Inhibitory effect of glycyrrhiza uralensis fish and chelidonium majus L on gastrocarcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N′-nitron-N-nitrosoguanidine

In order to investigate the antagonistic effect of Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Fish (GUF) and Chelidonium maJus L (CML) on gastrccarcinogenesis induced by MNNG in Wastar rats, we treated the rats with MNNG alone (group 1) and with MNNG plus GUF and CML (group 2 and 3) respectively. The incidence of infiltrating adenocarcinoma of the glandular stomach and duodenum in group 2 was significantly lower than that in group 1 (26.7% vs. 67.8%). The differentiation and aggressivenees of carcinomas occured in group 2 were much better and mild than those in group 1. Present study also demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of CML on proliferation of human stomach carcinoma cell line MGC-803 was very remarkable; in addition, GUF and CML were able to antagonise the mutagenic activation of MNNG. These results suggest that GUF and CML may be empoyed in prevention of gastric carcinoma.     

碳—钛组合式人工股骨头临床应用15年随访

自1980年4月至1995年4月,应用碳—钛组合式人工股骨头治疗髋关节疾患319例。随访最短1年,最长15年。随访结果:股骨颈骨折组优良率93％,股骨头无菌性坏死组优良率89.8％。余者2例失败,4例髋关节周围钙化,2例碳质头略大,3例假体下沉,1例类风湿性髋关节强直,术后关节再强直。1例髋臼硬化,4例6髋关节明显疼痛。4例死于心血管疾病。我们体会到碳质材料具有良好的物理、化学性能和生物相容性,是一种优良的人工关节材料。碳—钛组合式人工股骨头是目前优良的人工假体之一。