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81.
82.
This paper reports 50 cases of gastrointestinal tumors treated by photodynamic therapy. The dose of HpD was 5 mg/kg. Fourty-eight to 72 hours after HpD injection, laser (wavelength 630 nm, power density 100-250 J/cm2), transmitted through a quartz fiber, was given. The criteria of therapeutic effectiveness were: complete remission (CR), significant remission (SR), minor remission (MR) and no remission (NR). All patients received endoscopic examination 4 weeks after treatment. No severe complication was observed. Thirty-eight of 50 cases gave CR, SR or MR (76%). The factors effecting treatment are discussed.  相似文献   
83.
The recent discovery of a novel family of precursor processing endoproteases has greatly accelerated progress in understanding the complex mechanisms underlying the maturation of prohormones, neuropeptides, and many other precursor-derived proteins. At least six members of this family have been found thus far in mammalian species, several having alternatively spliced isoforms, and related enzymes have been identified in many invertebrates, including molluscs, insects, nematodes, and coelenterates. The proprotein convertases are all dependent on calcium for activity and all possess highly conserved subtilisin-like domains with the characteristic catalytic triad of this serine protease (ordered Asp, His, and Ser along the polypeptide chain). Two members of this family, PC2(SPC2) and PC1/PC3(SPC3), appear to play a preeminent role in neuroendocrine precursor processing. Both convertases are expressed only in the brain and in the extended neuroendocrine system, while another important family member—furin/PACE (SPC1)—is expressed more ubiquitously, in almost all tissues, and at high levels in liver. SPC2 and SPC3 exhibit acidic pH optima and other properties which enhance their activity in the acidic, calcium-enriched environment of the dense-core secretory granules of the regulated pathway in neuroendocrine cells, while furin has a neutral pH optimum and is localized predominantly to the trans Golgi network where it is retained by a C-terminal transmembrane domain. Furin processes a wide variety of precursors in the constitutive pathway, such as those of growth factors, receptors, coagulation factors, and viral glycoproteins. Recent findings on the processing of proopiomelanocortin, proinsulin, proglucagon, and several other neuroendocrine precursors by SPC2 and SPC3 are discussed, along with information on the structure, properties, evolution, developmental expression, and regulation or the convertases. An inherited defect in the fat/fat mouse which affects the processing of proinsulin, and probably also many other prohormones, due to a point mutation in carboxypeptidase E has recently been identified and has begun to provide new insights into the functional integration of the individual processing steps.  相似文献   
84.
85.
This study made a histological comparison (light microscope and transmission electron microscope) between vascularized bone graft (VBG) and non-vascularized bone graft (NVBG) in mandible of dog.The study showed:the healing process of VBG was the same as that of bone fracture.The "creeping substitution" process of NVBG was imbued with the inflammation induced by dead bone.There was no significat difference on the bone union between VBG and NVBG perhaps for the recipient region was better vascularized.  相似文献   
86.
目的 探讨早期生长反应因子(Egr-1)及其信号转导在矽肺发生发展中的作用。方法用细胞免疫荧光、原位杂交方法检测二氧化硅(SiO2)刺激后Egr-1的表达定位,用报道质粒及EMSA检测其活性改变;用激酶活性分析法检测si0:刺激巨噬细胞后ERK1/2活性改变,进一步用激酶抑制剂初步探讨SiO2活化Egr-1的信号转导通路。结果SiO2刺激RAW264.7细胞短时间Egr-1核蛋白表达及转录因子明显增加;且在处理后30~60min,Egr-1核蛋白结合活性明显升高(为未处理组的20倍);在刺激后15min ERK1/2活性开始升高,30min达高峰(活性为对照组的29倍)而后渐降至基础水平;进一步用激酶阻断发现,Egr-1 mRNA及蛋白表达均减少。结论SiO2能激活巨噬细胞中Egr-1,且此过程可能由ERK1/2、p38介导,提示SiO2-ERK1/2、p38-Egr-1通路可能在矽肺发生发展过程中起重要作用。  相似文献   
87.
目的:探讨保留甲状软骨膜对全喉切除手术进程和病人术后恢复情况的影响。方法:在甲状软骨膜下游离甲状软骨并切断其上角。不结扎和切断舌骨下肌群和喉上动脉。保留之甲状软骨膜用以加强修复咽壁黏膜。结果:本组病例较经典全喉切除术手术时间缩短30min以上。手术中出血在100ml以下。患者术后第2d下床活动,第4d开始进食流质。手术创口均一期愈合。结论:全喉切除术中保留甲状软骨膜可有效地简化手术步骤,减少创伤和出血。利用甲状软骨膜加强咽壁黏膜缝合口,进一步减少了咽漏的发生.  相似文献   
88.
Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is a rare, low-grade astrocytic tumor found in the central nervous system. Histologically, the tumor is characterized by markedly pleomorphic and lipidized cells. Although most of the patients have a favorable prognosis, a small number of cases undergoing recurrence or progression to anaplastic astrocytoma were reported. Very few genetic studies have been performed on PXA because of its rarity and the pathogenesis of this neoplasm is largely unknown. In order to provide an overview of genetic alterations in PXA, we performed comparative genomic hybridization to identify chromosomal imbalances (DNA gains and losses) in three cases of PXA. Genetic imbalance was detected on at least one chromosome for each case. One case, which revealed multiple genetic alterations, showed a poor prognosis. DNA gain on chromosome 7 and loss on 8p were demonstrated in two of three cases, suggesting that the candidate gene(s) located on these regions may play a role in the development of PXA. Further studies are needed to identify the residing candidate genes that are involved in the tumorigenesis of PXA. In addition, the histopathological features and previous genetic studies on PXA are reviewed.  相似文献   
89.
用细胞内HRP染色的方法显示该神经元位于猫运动皮层十字沟后,在第Ⅱ/Ⅲ层之间(软膜以下438μm处),胞体截面积为15.6×28.1μm~2,呈多极形,树突呈串珠状,向四周扩展,无侧棘,轴突由胞体下方伸出,返折向上,包绕胞体周围,以软膜平行的吻尾方向行走为主,有一分枝向白质方向延伸.从立体重构图的不同角度观察,其形态不对称,如沿X轴方向旋转60°后,其形态呈扁平形,用胶体金免疫电镜观察,该神经元的递质性质为GABA能的.胞体及树突上分布有非对称型和对称型的突触,对称型的突触中有的是GABA能的,有的是非GABA能的.其轴突有髓鞘包绕,末梢与其它神经元的胞体形成一处以上相连或不相连的对称型突触,也可与其它树突形成对称型的突触.根据该神经元的形态,递质性质及突触分布的特征,可确认它是篮状细胞.  相似文献   
90.
The baculovirus expression system was used to produce three different constructs of the murine cell surface adhesion receptor CD2. One construct coded for a single, N-terminal, Ig-fold domain. It was inefficiently secreted and therefore primarily intracellular. The second construct coded for both extracellular, N-terminal Ig-fold domains. This was efficiently secreted into culture supernatant. The third construct coded for the full-length transmembrane molecule which localized to the cell surface. All constructs were monomers of predicted MWr and were appropriately glycosylated. They retained epitopic specificity as demonstrated by binding to mAbs, and adhesion function as demonstrated by a rosetting assay.  相似文献   
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