脂多糖促进人近端肾小管上皮细胞TLR4的表达

目的:研究人近端肾小管上皮细胞(HKC)在脂多糖(LPS)刺激下Toll样受体4(TLR4)的表达及作用。方法:实验细胞分两组,LPS刺激组(50mg/LLPS加入体外培养的HKC)和正常对照组;应用免疫荧光染色在激光共聚焦显微镜下观察LPS刺激24h后TLR4在HKC中的分布及表达强弱;半定量RT-PCR和免疫蛋白印迹检测各组TLR4及内参照β-actin在mRNA水平和蛋白水平的表达量;Annexin V-FITC结合流式细胞仪检测各组细胞的早期凋亡率情况。结果:LPS刺激组TLR4的免疫荧光强度显著高于正常对照组,TLR4主要分布于HKC的胞膜及胞质区;刺激组TLR4 mRNA表达高于正常对照组(1.051±0.082比0.38±0.036),差异有显著性(P<0.01);刺激组TLR4蛋白表达高于正常对照组(0.371±0.033比0.105±0.008),差异有显著性(P<0.01);LPS刺激组细胞的早期凋亡率(41.29%)显著高于正常对照组(2.36%)。结论:LPS能刺激HKC高表达TLR4,且促进HKC的早期凋亡,TLR4可能在LPS诱导的HKC凋亡中发挥一定的作用。     

新生儿游泳对黄疸影响的研究

黄疸为新生儿早期最常见的症状,健康足月儿均可发生.一般出生后2 d或3 d血清胆红素＞85 μmol/L时皮肤出现黄染;＞136.8 μmol/L时可有轻度嗜睡或食欲不振,4 d或5 d为高峰,7 d～10 d消退,但正常足月新生儿血清胆红素不超过205.2 μmol/L.＞220.5μmol/L称为高胆红素血症[1].由于新生儿血-脑脊液屏障不成熟,通透性较大,胆红素易于透过而易发生胆红素脑病,严重高胆红素血症可导致患儿的死亡或出现运动及智力障碍等后遗症.临床上多采用药物疗法、光照疗法及换血疗法等进行预防和治疗.寻找一种更简便、经济、效果较好的方法预防或治疗新生儿黄疸,一直是许多临床医务工作者努力探索的课题.我院2004年9月-2005年3月对新生儿实施游泳研究,了解能否通过新生儿游泳促进新生儿的排便,缩短胎便排出时间,降低新生儿黄疸指数和新生儿高胆红素血症的发生.现报道如下.……     

Incidence and Prognostic Significance of Proteinuria in Patients with Gastric Carcinoma

OBJECTIVE The present study was designed to evaluate the epidemiological and prognostic significance of proteinuria in patients with gastric cancer (GC).METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the frequency of proteinuria in patients with GC and analyzed its relationship with the GC biological characteristics, treatment and survival.RESULTS Proteinuria incidence in GC patients was 24.06%, which was significantly higher than that found in a control group (P＜0.01); the frequency of proteinuria was significantly correlated with an advanced disease stage(P＜0.01). We also found that the post-treatment mean value of proteinuria was remarkably lower than the pre-treatment value (P＜0.001). KaplanMeier analysis revealed a significant correlation between proteinuria and survival of GC patients (P＜0.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the TNM stage, lymph node status and proteinuria may serve as independent prognostic markers in patients with GC (P ＜0.01).CONCLUSION A high prevalence of increased urinary protein excretion was observed in GC patients complicated with nephritis. Proteinuria may be used as one of the prognostic markers for patients with GC.     

Heel skin stiffness effect on the hind foot biomechanics during heel strike

Background: The human heel pad is a complex biological structure consisting of the fat pad and the skin. The mechanical properties of the skin layer are of significant importance to the load‐bearing function of the heel pad and human locomotion. The condition of the heel skin is also directly associated with some medical conditions such as heel ulcers that may become a site for the skin breakdown, which is the most common precursor to lower extremity amputation among persons with diabetes. It is essential to develop a detailed understanding of the properties of the heel skin layer and its effect on hind foot biomechanics during heel strike. Objectives: This work aims to gain a better insight into the biomechanical behaviour of the heel skin layer through a combined experimental and numerical study. The main objective is to characterise the biomechanical responses of the hind foot system during heel strike with potential variation of the skin stiffness based on a subject‐specific finite element (FE) model and biomechanical testing. Methods: A three‐dimensional (3D) FE model of the human hind foot incorporating a separate heel skin layer was developed based on subject‐specific medical images. An inverse FE analysis of the in vivo indentation test was carried out to study the nonlinear material property of the heel skin. The FE model was then used to study the deformation of the hind foot during heel strike in comparison with the plantar pressure measurement results and to establish the effects of stiffness of the heel skin on the stress and pressure distributions. Results: The FE foot model with subject‐specific heel skin properties was successfully used to predict the deformation of the hind foot during heel strike, and the results showed good agreements with biomechanical pressure measurements. The results showed that the high pressure and stress in the heel skin appeared in the centre region during a heel strike. Heel skin stiffness sensitivity studies showed that an increase in the skin stiffness had a limited effect on the stress and contact pressure of the hind foot bones, but caused a slight increase in the skin stresses, while skin softening caused a decrease in the peak plantar pressure and its distribution pattern changed. In addition, the results also suggest that skin softening may cause a higher stress level in the bones and ligaments. Conclusion: The nonlinear parameter of the heel skin has been successfully predicted from in vivo indentation tests based on a subject‐specific FE model. Skin properties' sensitivity tests clearly showed that the stiffness of the heel skin could have a direct effect on the biomechanics of the hind foot. The results suggest that individuals with a pathologically stiffened heel skin could exert an increase in the heel pressure, which may potentially lead to skin breakdown or ulcer.     

脉冲射频刺激联合普瑞巴林治疗带状疱疹后遗三叉神经痛的临床效果

目的探讨脉冲射频刺激联合普瑞巴林治疗带状疱疹后遗三叉神经痛的临床效果,为临床治疗该病提供参考依据。方法选取我科室于2017年2月至2020年2月收治的358例带状疱疹后遗三叉神经疼痛者为研究对象,以随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各179例。对照组给予普瑞巴林治疗,观察组给予脉冲射频刺激联合普瑞巴林治疗。比较两组的疼痛程度、机体神经肽水平、生活质量及治疗过程中的不良反应发生情况。结果治疗后1、2、3、4周,观察组的VAS评分均明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的SP、CGRP水平明显低于对照组,β-EP水平明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组的生理机能、生理职能、躯体疼痛、一般健康状况、精力、社会功能、情感职能、精神健康评分均较治疗前明显升高,且观察组高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗过程中的不良反应总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论脉冲射频刺激联合普瑞巴林应用于带状疱疹后遗三叉神经痛的治疗中,可改善患者体内的神经肽水平,迅速缓解疼痛,提升生活质量,且不增加不良反应,安全性好,值得推广。     

家兔非吞噬细胞的超微吞噬观察

本文对5只家兔用台盼蓝活体染色-碱性品红整块复染法进行观察。光镜下除各器官的巨噬细胞有强烈的超微吞噬作用外,其他非吞噬细胞如肝细胞、肾近端小管上皮细胞以及成纤维细胞等对无毒的胶体活性染料也具有超微吞噬的能力。表明它们对机体也起防御作用。     

酸解——凝胶色谱法制备志贺菌O抗原多糖

本法在去除蛋白与核酸的条件下以 2 5 4nm作为脂多糖 (Lipopolysaccharide ,LPS)凝胶色谱检出波长 ,得到较高纯度志贺菌LPS。LPS经乙酸水解后 ,仍以 2 5 4nm作为O抗原多糖 (O -polysaccharide ,OPS)凝胶色谱的检出波长 ,可获得纯度优于常规方法且具较好免疫反应性的OPS ,该OPS与牛血清白蛋白 (bovineserumalbumin ,BSA)结合后具有较好免疫原性。     

新生儿游泳对黄疸影响的研究

黄疸为新生儿早期最常见的症状，健康足月儿均可发生。一般出生后2d或3d血清胆红素〉85μmol／L时皮肤出现黄染；〉136．8μmol／L时可有轻度嗜睡或食欲不振，4d或5d为高峰，7d-10d消退，但正常足月新生儿血清胆红素不超过205．2μmol／L〉220．5μmol／L称为高胆红素血症。由于新生儿血-脑脊液屏障不成熟，通透性较大，胆红素易于透过而易发生胆红素脑病，     

Genotype distribution of hepatitis C in the Cordoba City, Argentina

"Background: Knowledge of Hepatitis C virus genotype (HCV) present in a patient has an epidemiological interest. In addition, it has an important prognostic value that guides the duration and success of treatment. Aims: To analyze the distribution of genotypes in HCV-positive patients and linking them with the viral load before and after treatment, evaluating sustained viral response. Patients and methods: We retrospectively analyzed the results of genotyping and HCV viral load of 71 patients during the period January 2001 to May 2009. The genotypes were determined by RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) and the viral load by NASBA HVC quantitative. Statistical analysis was performed using the Infostat program. Results: 59% of patients were women. The frequency of genotypes was: 39% type 1, 58% type 2 and 3% type 3. We do not find a cutoff value of viral load to identify the different genotypes, although patients with genotype 1 had a higher number of viral copies than those of genotype 2 (p <0.0001). After treatment, 95% of patients with genotype 2 had a sustained viral response versus 67% of patients with genotype 1.Conclusions: The genotype 2 was the most prevalent in our population. It also confirmed the impact of knowledge of HCV genotype on sustained viral response, which was related related surgical interventions to infection with HCV type 2."