Testosterone implantation reduces the motor effects of cocaine

The abuse of anabolic-androgenic steroids noted in recent years has been correlated with an increased likelihood of abuse of other drugs, including cocaine. This research was designed to investigate whether manipulation of androgen levels would alter the unconditioned behavioral effects of cocaine. The influence of testosterone on the locomotor activating effect of oral cocaine was evaluated. Subjects were male gonadally intact and castrated Wistar rats, implanted s.c. with either placebo or 100mg testosterone 30-day pellets. Beginning 7 days after pellet implantation, each animal in the four subgroups randomly received 0, 20, 40 and 80mg/kg cocaine (once, each dose). Cocaine 80mg/kg significantly enhanced locomotor activity in all groups except the intact testosterone-treated group. Of the four groups, this subgroup would have the highest plasma level of testosterone. These data suggest that chronic exogenous androgen administration may reduce the behavioral effects of cocaine.     

Diurnal sleep/wake-related immune functions during the menstrual cycle of healthy young women

SUMMARY  Animal and human studies have related the sleeping/waking brain to the immune system. Because women are more susceptible to certain immunological illnesses, and sex steroids regulate immune functions, it was investigated whether the diurnal sleep/wake pattern of aspects of cellular immune functions and interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-2-like activities differed during low and high progesterone phases of the menstrual cycle.
Eleven healthy women, mean age 24y, were assessed over 24h with serial venous blood samples. Peripheral blood monocytes were assayed for mitogen responses, i.e. phytohemagglutin (PHA) and pokeweed (PWM) and natural killer (NK) cell activities. Plasma was assayed for IL-1 and IL-2-like activities, cortisol and progesterone. Data were standardized by Z transformation and analysed by repeated-measures analysis of variance by comparing high ( N = 5) vs. low ( N = 6) progesterone phases.
During the high progesterone phase, delayed slow-wave sleep (SWS) onset time and reduced amount of SWS was accompanied by a delay in the decline of NK cell activity, but rise in PHA activity following sleep onset. With the low progesterone phase, the pattern was similar to men with an early sleep decline in NK cell and late sleep rise in PHA activities. PWM rose during the night and plasma IL-1-like activity peaked during midday and during nocturnal sleep irrespective of the amount of progesterone.
Slow-wave sleep and sleep-related NK cell and PHA activities differed over the menstrual cycle, but not PWM response. Increases in plasma IL-1 functions during midday and night are consistent with predisposition to sleepiness during these times.     

Association of heterotopic neuroglial tissue with an arachnoid cyst in the internal auditory canal

An arachnoid cyst arising within the internal auditory canal, or within the cerebellopontine angle and subsequently extending into the internal meatus and enlarging it, is a rare occurrence. Nevertheless, the neurootologist and the neurosurgeon have an interest in its existence because its clinical manifestations are identical with the ones produced by a schwannoma, involving overwhelmingly the cochleovestibular nerve in that region. An equally rare observation in that location is the presence of ectopic neuroglial tissue. The two can occur independently or in combination. Examples of such lesions are presented, and their possible pathogenesis is discussed.     

侗族预防医学思想初探

在实地调查搜集民族民间传统医药资料的基础上,把广泛流传于侗族民间预防疾病的方法,以及民族风情、民俗习惯中对防治疾病非常有利的内容进行综合分析归纳;对侗族预防医学思想的形成进行了初步探索,为深入系统整理侗族预防医学思想体系提供了具有一定价值的参考资料。     

Preliminary evaluation of pelvic vascular bed isolation chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced cervical carcinoma

ＰｒｅｌｉｍｉｎａｒｙｅｖａｌｕａｔｉｏｎｏｆｐｅｌｖｉｃｖａｓｃｕｌａｒｂｅｄｉｓｏｌａｔｉｏｎｃｈｅｍｏｔｈｅｒａｐｙｉｎｔｈｅｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｏｆａｄｖａｎｃｅｄｃｅｒｖｉｃａｌｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａＪｉａｎｇＳｅｎａｎｄＰｏｓｔｇｒａｄｕａｔｅ...     

上海市50岁及以上人群维生素D水平与握力的关联研究

目的 探讨上海市≥50岁人群维生素D水平与握力的关系。方法 数据来源于WHO全球老龄化与成人健康研究我国上海市2018-2019年数据,采用logistic回归模型分析维生素D水平与握力的关系,进一步按照性别、年龄及乳制品摄入情况进行分层;采用限制性立方样条曲线绘制维生素D水平与低握力的剂量-反应曲线。结果 共4 391人纳入研究,其中男性2 054人（46.8%）;年龄（67.02±8.81）岁;低握力1 421人（32.4%）;维生素D不足及缺乏分别为1 533人（34.9%）和401人（9.1%）。在调整相关混杂因素后,logistic回归分析结果显示,维生素D缺乏的人群发生低握力的风险更高（OR=1.41,95%CI：1.09~1.83）;在男性中,调整相关混杂因素后,维生素D缺乏与低握力发生风险呈显著正相关（OR=1.67,95%CI：1.12~2.50）,而女性中两者之间无关联（OR=1.30,95%CI：0.97~1.74）;在60~69岁及≥80岁年龄组中,调整相关混杂因素后,维生素D缺乏与低握力发生风险呈显著正相关（OR=1.57,95%CI：1.05~2.35;OR=2.40,95%CI：1.08~5.31）,在乳制品摄入<250 ml/d的人群中,调整相关混杂因素后,二者之间呈显著正相关（OR=1.57,95%CI：1.17~2.09）,而在乳制品摄入≥250 ml/d的人群中无明显关联。限制性立方条样图显示,低握力的发生风险可能随维生素D含量的上升而降低,但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 维生素D水平与握力存在一定的关系,维生素D缺乏人群出现低握力的风险更高。     

整体奋进攻坚破难全力做好灾区防疫灭病宣教工作

１９９８年特大洪水已经退去。然而,灾害给人们心灵和精神带来的创伤永远不会抹去。在人与洪灾抗争中,我们对灾区不应仅仅停留在物质上、经济上的援助,更重要的是给予精神上的关怀和知识上的帮助。为达到促进生产、重建家园、抵御疾病、保护生产力的目的,做好灾区防疫...     

2型糖尿病核心家系的遗传易感性研究

通过对２型糖尿病（ＮＩＤＤＭ）核心家系的分析,探讨了遗传因素在核心家系成员中所起作用的程度。结果表明：病例核心家系一级亲属ＮＩＤＤＭ 的发病率非常显著的高于对照组,χ２ ＝ １７．０,Ｐ＜ ０．００１,相对危险度（ＲＲ）为３．３０,９５％ 可信区间为１．８０～６．０５。不论父母、同胞和子女,均以病例亲属的发病率显著高于对照;病例组各亲属中,不论男女和年龄,标准化发病率比（ＳＩＲ）均明显高于对照人群的１００,经统计学Ｚ检验有极显著意义;病例核心家系的ＲＲ、归因危险度（ＡＲ）％ 也明显较高,进一步说明血缘关系与ＮＩＤＤＭ 之间有较强的联系。     

胎儿先天性心脏病筛查方法的研究

为尽早确诊胎儿先天性心脏病(简称先心病),对200例胎儿进行B超心动图检查,发现心脏异常36例(18%),其中先心病26例(13％)。测定有高危因素的103例孕母血清风疹病毒抗体IgM,10例阳性(9.7％),其中7例胎儿有先心病(70%),其灵敏度为70％,特异度为92.3％,可做为胎儿先心病的筛查方法。两项检查合用,可提高胎儿先心病的诊断水平。同时提示胎儿超声心动图检查中增加卵圆孔直径和血流的评定可作为房间隔缺损的诊断标准。     

经鼻(面)罩机械通气治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病呼吸衰竭

目的观察慢性阻塞性肺疾病（ＣＯＰＤ）呼吸衰竭患者经鼻（面）罩机械通气的效果。方法对２９例慢性阻塞性肺疾病呼吸衰竭患者行经鼻（面）罩机械通气。结果治疗后２小时、２４小时、４８小时、１周后,ｐＨ从７．２８±０．１上升至７．３４±０．０７、７．３５±０．０６、７．３８±０．０５、７．３７±０．０７（Ｐ＜０．０１）,ＰａＣＯ２从９４．６９±１８．４ｍｍＨｇ下降至８６．０５±２４．６ｍｍＨｇ（Ｐ＜０．０１）、７７．７６±１９．３ｍｍＨｇ（Ｐ＜０．０１）、６８．６０±１１．４ｍｍＨｇ（Ｐ＜０．００１）、６６．６９±２６．９ｍｍＨｇ（Ｐ＜０．００１）,ＰａＯ２从５２．７２±１３．１ｍｍＨｇ上升至６４．２５±２４．５ｍｍＨｇ（Ｐ＜０．０５）、６９．０１±１６．６ｍｍＨｇ（Ｐ＜０．００２）、７５．２７±３２．８ｍｍＨｇ（Ｐ＜０．００１）、９１．１６±４０．４ｍｍＨｇ（Ｐ＜０．００１）。临床症状明显改善,有效率７５．９％。结论经鼻（面）罩机械通气对轻、中度的患者有较好的疗效。