HBV转录激活蛋白HBx、MHBst78MHBst155真核重组载体构建

目的分别构建人乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)X蛋白、羧基端截断的中分子表面蛋白MHBst78、MHBst155编码基因的真核重组表达载体,以便进一步研究其转录激活功能及对宿主细胞信号传导通路的影响。方法设计合成3对寡核苷酸引物,以adr亚型HBV质粒pHBVDNA为模板,采用PCR法分别扩增HBVX基因、MHBst78与MHBst155编码基因片段;用HindⅢ,KpnⅠ双酶切HBVⅩ基因;用HindⅢ和BamHⅠ双酶切MHBst78与MHBst155编码基因片段后,分别定向插入到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1相应酶切位点,转化宿主菌JM109,提取质粒,分别用上述内切酶酶切及DNA测序鉴定重组质粒。结果酶切重组体显示所切下的片段大小均与预计相符,测序结果与文献报道序列及预计结果一致。结论成功构建了HBVX基因、羧基端截断的HBV中分子表面蛋白MHBst78、MHBst155编码基因的真核重组表达载体,为进一步研究HBV转录激活蛋白HBx、MHBst78MHBst155对宿主细胞信号转导通路的影响奠定基础。     

肾上腺区神经节细胞瘤(附18例报告)

目的较全面的了解神经节细胞瘤的临床特点及治疗方法。方法回顾性分析18例病理确诊的神经节细胞瘤患者临床表现、实验室检查、影像学检查和治疗效果。结果15例是无临床症状的影像学偶然发现病例,内分泌检查均在正常范围;另外3例以阵发性高血压为主要临床表现,其中1例尿儿茶酚胺升高,肾上腺髄质显像(MIBG)阳性。18例B型超声检查均为低回声;13例CT平扫见散在点状高密度影,12例CT增强扫描肿瘤周边强化明显。手术前诊断为嗜铬细胞瘤12例,神经节细胞瘤4例,肾上腺无功能腺瘤2例。18例行肿瘤切除,随访6个月~7年,高血压症状消失,2例肿瘤复发。结论肾上腺区神经节细胞瘤与肾上腺髄质肿瘤难以鉴别,综合各项影像学检查对诊断有较高的参考价值。手术治疗是唯一的有效方法。     

选择性腰升静泳造影与碘水脊髓造影对腰椎间盘突出的诊断价值

52例疑为L_(4-5)或L_5～S_1椎间盘突出的患者,同时行选择性腰升静脉造影(SALV)和碘水脊髓造影.43例手术和病理证实46个椎间盘突出.本文对两种检查方法诊断准确性,适应性和并发症进行了比较.临床疑诊为腰椎间盘突出者,脊髓造影可疑或正常,SALV是有诊断价值的.     

CT在外伤性胃肠道穿孔急诊中的价值

目的:探讨急诊外伤性胃肠穿孔的CT征象及诊断价值。方法:收集18例经手术证实的外伤性胃肠道穿孔的临床资料及CT征象,分析与总结胃肠道破裂穿孔CT扫描的各种有价值的表现。结果:18例外伤急诊患者中,胃、十二指肠、空回肠与结肠穿孔各1,2,12,3例,其中空回肠为多处破裂,CT主要征象为腹腔散在积液征、游离气腹征、肠系膜与肠壁增厚模糊征、造影剂外溢征。结论:CT扫描在外伤性胃肠道穿孔急诊患者的检查中有定性诊断价值,综合分析各种征象,会明显提高CT的诊断正确率。     

Voiding patterns in men and women with lower urinary tract symptoms combined with nocturia

AIM: We evaluated differences between men and women with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) combined with nocturia. METHODS: A total of 71 age-matched female-male pairs (median 58, range 20-81 years) who had moderate to severe LUTS and nocturia of more than once per night were enrolled in this study. RESULTS: In the younger group (<50 years), the International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS) results of the sexes were not significantly different. However, although total I-PSS results in the elderly group (> or =50 years) were not significantly different, quality of life index scores for women were higher (P = 0.002). On frequency-volume (FV) charts, mean total daytime voided volume (DVV) was significantly higher in younger men than in younger women (P = 0.017), but the mean nocturnal polyuria index (NPi) for women was higher than that for men (P = 0.047). However, maximum DVV (P = 0.009), mean DVV (P < 0.0001), total DVV (P < 0.0001), and mean nocturnal urine volume (P = 0.009) were significantly higher in elderly men than in elderly women. However, numbers of daytime voids were not different. CONCLUSION: Elderly women with LUTS have lower functional bladder capacities than elderly men, as suggested by their smaller mean voided volumes. However, no significant differences were observed between numbers of daytime voids, which was probably due to the smaller total daytime voided volumes of elderly women. In addition, although NPi for younger women and nocturnal urine volume for elderly men was higher, no other differences were observed in terms of other night-time parameters.     

The remucosalizing alar cartilage flap: a reconstructive option for repairing nasal septal perforations

The objective of this study is to assess the results of repairing septal perforations with a vascularized pedicled alar cartilage island flap. Using the external rhinoplasty approach, a vascularized flap of alar cartilage, harvested as a cephalic trim and pedicled on the ascending columellar branches of the superior labial artery was raised. Bilateral mucoperichondrial septal flaps were elevated and the alar flap was transposed and secured within the defect and bilaterally overlaid with temporalis fascia. Silastic sheets were placed and remained in situ until the grafts were revascularized from the peripheries of the defect as well as centrally from the alar flap. The revascularized temporalis fascia acted as a scaffold for nasal remucosalization. The alar flap also increased the long-term structural robustness of the repair. Between 1999 and 2003, 14 patients with septal perforations ranging from 10 to 31 mm underwent septal reconstruction using this technique. There were nine males and five females. The flap was successfully raised in all cases and long-term closure was maintained in 12 patients (86%). The alar cartilage flap is an effective technique for repairing septal perforations in selected patients. It provides vascularized tissue which nourishes the grafts during remucosalization, and a cartilaginous framework, which affords long-term structural support to the repair. It also obviates the need to transpose nasal mucosa and create a secondary defect. The rhinoplasty approach furthermore permits additional nasal deformities to be corrected at the same time. Presented at the British Association of Plastic Surgeons Summer Scientific Meeting, Sheffield, UK (12 July 2006).     

吻合血管神经的(足母)展肌移植修复晚期面瘫

目的:探讨和研究治疗晚期面瘫的手术治疗,总结应用以足底内侧动静脉为蒂的(足母)展肌游离移植一期修复晚期面瘫40例效果和经验.方法:选取(足母)展肌为供肌,以足底内侧动静脉及其延续的胫后动静脉为血管蒂,以支配(足母)展肌神经及其延续的足底内侧神经和胫神经为神经蒂.(足母)展肌移植于患侧面部皮下,肌近断固定于口角,远端固定于耳前颧弓,血管神经蒂通过上唇皮下隧道与健侧面动静脉和面神经颊支吻合.结果:经随访一年以上,23例恢复了面部静态对称和理想的下面部随意和不随意运动;8例恢复了面部静态对称和部分下面部随意和不随意运动;9例仅恢复了面部静态对称.结论:(足母)展肌游离移植一期修复晚期面瘫具有疗效好、手术操作简便、肌肉大小适中、血管神经蒂走行位置恒定紧密伴行、血管神经蒂可切取较长、变跨面神经移植和肌肉移植的两期移植为一期移植等优点;而且,神经是血管化移植.