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991.
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993.
Antonios H. Tzamaloukas MD Robert C. Eschbach Pharm D Jack E. Jackson PhD Debra A. Long BS 《Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research》1986,10(3):293-299
We infused 11 mmol/kg of intravenous ethanol into dogs with either intact renal function (n = 5) or ureteral ligation (n = 7), and studied by frequent blood sampling and by urine collection the time and mode of ethanol equilibration, the elimination parameters, and the comparison of observed equilibrated plasma ethanol levels to levels predicted either by linear or by nonlinear kinetics. Equilibration time was 25 min or less, renal fraction of elimination was less than 5% of total elimination, and both linear (elimination rate) and nonlinear (Vmax and Km) elimination parameters were not different between dogs with intact renal function and dogs with anuria. Serum sodium concentration did not change throughout the experiments, eliminating the hypothesis that acute ethanol load creates clinically significant temporary osmotic water transfer from the intracellular into the extracellular compartment. Distribution volumes of ethanol from linear kinetics were slightly, but not statistically, greater than volumes from nonlinear kinetics. Equilibrated plasma ethanol levels predicted by linear kinetics agreed closely with observed levels greater than 4 mmol/liter, but underestimated observed levels less than 4 mmol/liter. Equilibrated plasma ethanol levels predicted by nonlinear kinetics agreed with observed levels throughout the range of observed concentrations. The use of linear kinetics to predict blood ethanol levels should be limited to the pseudolinear portion of the blood alcohol curve. 相似文献
994.
Lauren Cloutman PhD Leila Gingis BA Melissa Newhart BA Cameron Davis BS Jennifer Heidler‐Gary MA Jennifer Crinion PhD Argye E. Hillis MD MA 《Annals of neurology》2009,66(2):249-253
We aimed to identify neuroanatomical regions associated with deficits to the graphemic buffer, a working memory component of the spelling system that holds the sequence of letter identities during production. We evaluated 331 patients with left hemisphere ischemic stroke with various spelling tests and magnetic resonance diffusion‐weighted imaging and perfusion‐weighted imaging, within 48 hours of stroke onset. A voxel‐wise statistical map showed that ischemia in voxels in posterior and inferior frontal and parietal cortex, subcortical white matter underlying prefrontal cortex, lateral occipital gyrus, or caudate was associated with impairment in maintaining the sequence of letter identities while spelling. Ann Neurol 2009;66:249–253 相似文献
995.
996.
Chien‐Hsing Lu MD Chia‐Che Chang PhD Esther Shih‐Chu Ho MD Su‐Ju Chen MS Shu‐Jiuan Lin BS Tsai‐Feng Fu PhD Ming‐Chen Chang MD 《Cancer cytopathology》2010,118(6):474-481
BACKGROUND.
The general criterion of an unsatisfactory Papanicolaou (Pap) test in the 2001 version of the Bethesda system is not applicable to patients after treatment with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or hysterectomy. The current study was performed to determine whether specimen adequacy criteria for Pap tests should be modified for these conditions.METHODS.
Consecutive patients who underwent conventional Pap tests between March and August 2006 were reviewed. The original reports were done according to the 2001 Bethesda system, with cellularity criteria modified in patients with a history of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or hysterectomy. The slides of these patients were reviewed again. The degrees of cellularity, obscuring red blood cells, and inflammation were recorded.RESULTS.
The final analyses included 7033 patients for which there were complete data. The original interpretation was unsatisfactory in 4.4% of all samples. When the 1337 slides obtained from patients with a history of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and/or hysterectomy were reviewed using the general satisfactory threshold of >8000 squamous cells/slide and <75% of the epithelium obscured, the incidence of unsatisfactory Pap tests increased from 4.3% to 13.2% (176 of 1337 slides). The odds ratios for unsatisfactory Pap tests for a history of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and age >50 years were 2.70, 2.51, and 1.39, respectively. The majority of unsatisfactory Pap tests were because of low cellularity. The lower limits of adequate cellularity after radiotherapy or chemotherapy can be set at 2000 cells/slide, which can lower the unsatisfactory rate while at the same time resulting in no increase in the false‐negative rate. Hysterectomy alone was not found to be associated with unsatisfactory Pap tests.CONCLUSIONS.
In patients who received pelvic radiotherapy or chemotherapy, the incidence of low‐cellularity Pap tests was unacceptably high. A lower cellularity (estimated 2000 cell/slide) could be used as a satisfactory threshold. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society. 相似文献997.
Ebba Lohmann MD Marie‐Laure Welter MD Valérie Fraix MD Paul Krack MD Suzanne Lesage MD Sophie Laine BS Marie‐Laure Tanguy MD PhD Jean‐Luc Houeto MD Valérie Mesnage MD Pierre Pollak MD Alexandra Durr MD PhD Yves Agid MD PhD Alexis Brice MD French Parkinson's Disease Genetics study group 《Movement disorders》2008,23(5):740-743
Patients with parkin mutations are known to have slower PD progression and a better response to levodopa at lower doses than patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. To determine the effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) on such patients, we have compared the follow‐up after surgery of 7 patients with one parkin mutation, 7 patients with two parkin mutations, and 39 patients without parkin mutations. Twelve to 24 months after neurosurgery, the daily doses of levodopa equivalent were significantly lower in patients with two parkin mutations, indicating that these patients benefit from DBS, and they might have more durable results. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society 相似文献
998.
Fleischer AC; Dudley BS; Entman SS; Baxter JW; Kalemeris GC; James AE Jr 《Radiology》1987,162(2):307-310
The depth of myometrial invasion by endometrial carcinoma was evaluated using real-time sonography (US) in 20 patients with histologically proved adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. In 14 of 20 (70%) cases, US-based estimation of the depth of myometrial invasion was within 10% of the actual measurement in the gross specimen. The US-based estimation of tumor invasion was low in seven patients, high in four patients, and agreed with pathologic findings (+/- 5%) in nine patients. In four patients with polypoid intraluminal extension of tumor, a deeply invasive tumor was suspected on US but was not found on pathologic examination. In 12 superficially invasive tumors, the continuity of the demarcating subendometrial halo was intact in nine and incomplete in three. In six patients with deeply invasive tumors, this zone was partially disrupted in four, totally disrupted in one, and intact in one. Errors of estimation of the depth of myometrial invasion on US most frequently occurred when a tumor had a significant intraluminal polypoid extension. Demonstration of a subendometrial halo usually indicated superficial invasion, whereas the absence of a halo was frequently associated with deep invasion. 相似文献
999.
Nelson L. Rhodus DMD MPH James W. Little DMD MS Debra K. Johnson BS 《Special care in dentistry》1990,10(2):46-50
Cardiac complications and abnormalities associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have been well described. The most well-recognized cardiac myopathies in SLE are pericarditis and valvular problems such as verrucous endocarditis. Electrocardiogram (EKG) abnormalities and arrhythmias have also occurred and such individuals may have persistent tachycardia. To determine the prevalence of dental patients with SLE who have these EKG changes, a pilot study was designed in which a group of 13 subjects with SLE underwent EKG monitoring in the clinic. Most of these were patients referred to the oral medicine clinic. A randomly selected group of age-gender matched controls were monitored in an identical manner.
All subjects first completed a cardiac screening questionnaire, were comfortably seated, and then monitored. The results indicated that the overall prevalence of EKG abnormalities among the subjects with SLE was 61.5% (n=8). The most common arrhythmia was supra ventricular extra systoles. These were compared with a control group with a prevalence of 23% (n=3). Of the 76.9% of the subjects with SLE who reported a positive history of cardiac abnormalities, 80% demonstrated EKG abnormalities as compared with 50% of the control group. Of the subjects with SLE who did not report a previous history, none demonstrated EKG abnormalities as was the same for the control group. These results indicate a high prevalence of EKG abnormalities in dental patients with SLE, especially those with a positive cardiac history. 相似文献
All subjects first completed a cardiac screening questionnaire, were comfortably seated, and then monitored. The results indicated that the overall prevalence of EKG abnormalities among the subjects with SLE was 61.5% (n=8). The most common arrhythmia was supra ventricular extra systoles. These were compared with a control group with a prevalence of 23% (n=3). Of the 76.9% of the subjects with SLE who reported a positive history of cardiac abnormalities, 80% demonstrated EKG abnormalities as compared with 50% of the control group. Of the subjects with SLE who did not report a previous history, none demonstrated EKG abnormalities as was the same for the control group. These results indicate a high prevalence of EKG abnormalities in dental patients with SLE, especially those with a positive cardiac history. 相似文献
1000.