积极心理干预对90后护士心理弹性及总体幸福感的影响

目的 运用积极心理学对90后护士进行心理干预,提高护士心理弹性及工作幸福感,缓解其焦虑情绪.方法 将173名90后临床护士随机分为对照组90名和干预组83名.对照组未实施心理干预,干预组运用积极心理学实施干预.干预前及干预6个月后评价两组心理弹性、焦虑及总体幸福感评分.结果 干预后,干预组护士心理弹性、总体幸福感得分显著高于对照组,焦虑评分显著低于对照组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 积极心理干预可提高90后护士的心理弹性及工作幸福感,改善其焦虑情绪.     

疫情防控常态下住院患者院内转运的全程链式管理

目的 探讨疫情防控常态下住院患者院内转运的全程链式管理方法及效果.方法 对768例院内转运患者,实施疫情防控常态下的院内转运全程链式管理,包括健全管理制度,实施全员培训,做好转运准备及加强转运中各部门协调沟通等.结果 所有患者均顺利完成转运,转运风险事件发生率为0～0.65％,转运时间较常规转运方式显著缩短(均P＜0.01).结论 疫情防控常态下患者院内分级转运实施全程链式管理,可保障患者转运安全,提高转运效率.     

护士抗逆力现状与干预策略研究进展

从抗逆力的概念、评估工具、现状水平、影响因素和干预策略等方面综述了 目前国内外护士抗逆力的研究进展,提出我国进一步开展护士抗逆力研究可从加强质性研究与纵向研究,探寻适合国内开展的干预方案等方向发展.     

长链非编码RNA反义RNA 1靶向微小RNA-501-3p对食管癌细胞恶性生物学行为影响的实验研究

目的探讨长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)胸腺生成素反义RNA 1(TMPO-AS1)对食管癌细胞恶性生物学行为的影响及其机制。方法2016年6月至2019年12月,实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)检测20例食管癌组织和癌旁组织中lncRNA TMPO-AS1和微小RNA(miR)-501-3p的水平,食管癌Eca109细胞分为lncRNA TMPO-AS1干扰组(转染si-NC和si-TMPO-AS1);miR-501-3p过表达组(转染miR-NC和miR-501-3p);lncRNA TMPO-AS1过表达组(转染pcDNA和pcDNA-TMPO-AS1);lncRNA TMPO-AS1和miR-501-3p共抑制组(转染si-TMPO-AS1+anti-miR-NC和si-TMPO-AS1+anti-miR-501-3p)。噻唑蓝(MTT)法、流式细胞术和Transwell实验分别检测食管癌Eca109细胞增殖、凋亡率、细胞迁移和侵袭能力,蛋白质印迹法(Western blot)检测相关蛋白水平,双荧光素酶报告系统验证lncRNA TMPO-AS1与miR-501-3p的调控关系。两组间比较采用独立样本t检验,多组间比较采用单因素方差进行分析。结果食管癌组织组中的lncRNA TMPO-AS1水平(2.64±0.26)高于癌旁组织(1.00±0.09,t=26.657,P<0.05),miR-501-3p水平(0.44±0.04)低于癌旁组织(1.00±0.07,t=31.063,P<0.05);干扰lncRNA TMPO-AS1的Eca109细胞24 h增殖(0.36±0.03)低于si-NC组(0.39±0.03,t=2.121,P<0.05),48 h增殖(0.45±0.04)低于si-NC组(0.75±0.07,t=11.163,P<0.05),72 h增殖(0.57±0.05)低于si-NC组(1.16±0.09,t=17.191,P<0.05),迁移细胞数[(54.14±5.65)个]低于si-NC组[(113.02±9.87)个,t=15.531,P<0.05],侵袭细胞数[(47.69±5.01)个]低于si-NC组[(96.32±9.88)个,t=13.169,P<0.05],细胞凋亡率[(22.15±2.22)%]高于si-NC组[(6.98±0.69)%,t=19.576,P<0.05];过表达miR-501-3p的Eca109细胞48 h增殖(0.51±0.05)低于miR-NC组(0.77±0.07,t=9.067,P<0.05),72 h增殖(0.65±0.06)低于miR-NC组(1.15±0.09,t=13.867,P<0.05),迁移细胞数[(61.23±6.33)个]低于miR-NC组[(115.25±9.25)个,t=14.458,P<0.05],侵袭细胞数[(53.14±5.33)]低于miR-NC组[(98.32±8.47)个,t=13.543,P<0.05],细胞凋亡[(19.58±1.74)%]高于miR-NC组[(7.23±0.77)%,t=19.471,P<0.05],差异均有统计学意义。结论lncRNA TMPO-AS1通过靶向miR-501-3p促进食管癌细胞的恶性生物学行为,可被视为食管癌患者的潜在治疗靶标。     

TLR9 Deficiency in B Cells Promotes Immune Tolerance via Interleukin-10 in a Type 1 Diabetes Mouse Model

Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) is highly expressed in B cells, and B cells are important in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) development. However, the intrinsic effect of TLR9 in B cells on β-cell autoimmunity is not known. To fill this knowledge gap, we generated NOD mice with a B-cell–specific deficiency of TLR9 (TLR9^fl/fl/CD19-Cre+ NOD). The B-cell–specific deletion of TLR9 resulted in near-complete protection from T1D development. Diabetes protection was accompanied by an increased proportion of interleukin-10 (IL-10)–producing B cells. We also found that TLR9-deficient B cells were hyporesponsive to both innate and adaptive immune stimuli. This suggested that TLR9 in B cells modulates T1D susceptibility in NOD mice by changing the frequency and function of IL-10–producing B cells. Molecular analysis revealed a network of TLR9 with matrix metalloproteinases, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, and CD40, all of which are interconnected with IL-10. Our study has highlighted an important connection of an innate immune molecule in B cells to the immunopathogenesis of T1D. Thus, targeting the TLR9 pathway, specifically in B cells, may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for T1D treatment.     

Mechanism of Graft Damage Caused by NTPDase1-activated Macrophages in Acute Antibody-Mediated Rejection

ObjectivesTo investigate the effect and mechanism of macrophage activation and graft damage caused by nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (NTPDase1) in acute antibody-mediated rejection (AMR).MethodsAcute AMR was induced in different skin-grafted nude mouse models with wild-type NTPDase1 expression, transgene-enhanced NTPDase1 expression, or NTPDase1 gene knockout. Several methods (eg, real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction, high-performance liquid chromatography [HPLC], immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and luciferin/luciferase assays) were used to study (at the histologic and molecular levels) the extracellular adenosine diphosphate (ADP) concentration, macrophage proliferation, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigen expression on the surface of macrophages, B-cell activating factor (BAFF) expression in the peripheral blood serum, and the total number of SmIg-positive B cells during acute AMR. The relative activity of NTPDase1 in B cells and epithelial cells, pathologic changes, and the incidence of positive C4d deposition around the capillaries of skin grafts on the different nude mice were studied.ResultsMacrophages proliferated significantly when acute AMR occurred. The higher the NTPDase1 expression level, the lower the extracellular ADP concentration, the expression of MHC class II antigens on the surface of macrophages, the expression of BAFF in the peripheral blood serum, and the total number of SmIg-positive B cells, indicating negative correlations. The relative activity of NTPDase1 in B cells and epithelial cells of the skin graft was different among the different mice. The higher the NTPDase1 expression level, the lower the degree of pathologic damage to the skin graft.ConclusionsImbalance in extracellular ADP degradation by NTPDase1 may promote macrophage activation, and activated macrophages may be an important cause of graft damage.     

药用植物金荞麦中黄酮类化合物积累的时空变化规律

目的 探究药用植物金荞麦不同生育期各器官中黄酮类化合物积累的时空分布规律,为金荞麦合理采收、资源化利用和高价值开发提供科学依据。方法 以根茎繁殖不同生长年限的金荞麦为研究对象,在不同生育时期采集根、茎、叶、花器官,采用高效液相色谱法测定各器官样品中儿茶素、表儿茶素、芦丁和总黄酮含量。结果 随着金荞麦生育期推进,植株不同器官的黄酮类化合物积累增加,以秋季地上部分枯萎后的含量最高;不同生育时期叶片中的儿茶素、表儿茶素、芦丁和总黄酮含量均显著高于根茎和茎秆（P<0.05）。不同器官间儿茶素、表儿茶素、芦丁和总黄酮含量差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,花中儿茶素、芦丁和总黄酮含量最高;表儿茶素含量在茎秆中最低。黄酮类物质含量在根茎不同部位差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,表儿茶素和总黄酮含量在根茎不同组织部位表现为须根>韧皮部>根茎（不含须根）>木质部（P<0.05）,儿茶素和芦丁分别在须根和韧皮部含量最高。1年生与2年生金荞麦植株不同器官的黄酮类化合物含量差异无统计学意义。结论 在不考虑产量的前提下,根茎繁殖金荞麦种植1年即可采收,适宜采收期为11月上旬。     

基于趁鲜切制与传统切制工艺的人参饮片质量评价分析

目的 优选人参Panax ginseng趁鲜切制饮片工艺,比较分析趁鲜切制与传统切制人参饮片的质量,为人参趁鲜切制的合理性提供数据支持。方法 考察切片厚度、烘干温度、烘干时间等因素优选人参趁鲜切制饮片最佳制备工艺;建立指纹图谱结合化学计量法评价2种炮制工艺人参饮片质量差异性;并定量分析2种人参饮片中指标性成分人参皂苷含量差异。结果 人参趁鲜切制饮片的最佳制备工艺为人参鲜药材含水量65%,烘干温度50℃、烘干时间8 h、切片厚度1.5 mm;指纹图谱分别确定了人参趁鲜切制饮片和传统切制工艺饮片22个共有峰,指认了其中7个共有峰,2种炮制工艺所得人参饮片指纹图谱相似度分别在0.983～0.992、0.948～0.996。趁鲜切制与传统切制工艺饮片之间的指纹图谱相似度为0.960～0.993,相似度良好;主成分分析（principal component analysis,PCA）将人参趁鲜切制饮片和传统切制饮片归为2类,正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析（orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA）确定2种炮制工艺项...     

肉豆蔻化学成分和药理作用研究进展及其质量标志物（Q-Marker）预测分析

肉豆蔻Myristicae Semen是常用药食同源中药,具有温中行气、涩肠止泻的功效,主要包括木脂素类、挥发油类和多酚类等化学成分,具有调节消化系统、抗癌、抗炎镇痛、抗菌、抗氧化等药理作用。通过对肉豆蔻化学成分、药理作用、毒性和临床应用进行综述,根据中药质量标志物（quality marker,Q-Marker）理念,从植物亲缘、采收时期和炮制方法、药效、药性、配伍、化学成分可测性等方面对肉豆蔻的Q-Marker进行预测分析,初步预测去氢二异丁香酚、肉豆蔻醚、安五脂素、甲氧基丁香酚、榄香素、丁香酚和α-蒎烯等为其可能的Q-Marker,为肉豆蔻质量评价和药品研发提供参考。     

葛根素通过mTOR 信号通路抑制小胶质细胞活化治疗慢性术后痛实验研究

目的：基于mTOR信号通路探究葛根素对慢性术后痛的影响及其作用机制。方法：50只大鼠随机分成对照组、假手术组、模型组、葛根素组和抑制剂组,采用大鼠皮肤/肌肉切口牵拉（SMIR）的慢性疼痛模型,葛根素组连续7 d腹腔注射葛根素[100 mg/（kg·d）],抑制剂组连续7 d腹腔注射雷帕霉素[1 mg/（kg·d）],观察镇痛效果。采用机械性刺激缩爪阈值（MWT）作为痛阈检测指标检测各组大鼠痛阈变化。取各组大鼠第7天的脊髓标本,用Western blot方法检测脊髓组织mTOR、p-mTOR的蛋白水平。免疫荧光染色法探究mTOR在脊髓细胞的定位及观察脊髓背角小胶质细胞的激活情况。结果：葛根素、雷帕霉素可以缓解SMIR引起的痛觉过敏,葛根素对脊髓组织中mTOR的表达无影响,但降低了脊髓组织中p-mTOR的蛋白表达水平,mTOR在脊髓背角与小胶质细胞特异性标记物共定位,葛根素、雷帕霉素可以抑制脊髓小胶质细胞的激活。结论：葛根素可通过抑制mTOR的磷酸化减轻小胶质细胞的激活治疗慢性术后痛。