应用四唑盐比色法对5种骨水泥的细胞毒性的测试

0　引言　应用细胞培养法对牙科材料的生物相容性进行评价是一种简便、有效、经济的方法 .近年来 ,国内外有许多学者报道用 MTT检测细胞活性 ,并认为用 MTT法可以代替活细胞计数、同位素标记进行细胞毒性试验 .我们应用 MTT法对 5种骨水泥的细胞毒性进行了评价 ,并对有关问题进行了讨论 .1　材料和方法1.1　测试材料　 1号 :生物水泥 ,2号 :羟基磷灰石人工骨 ,3号 :氰基丙烯酸酯骨水泥 1号 (自制 ) ,4号 :氰基丙烯酸酯骨水泥 2号 (自制 ) ,5号 :氰基丙烯酸酯骨水泥 3号 (自制 ) .阴性对照采用珊瑚 ,阳性对照采用聚氯乙烯 .1.2　实验步骤…     

冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者血脂检测

目的:观察冠心病(CHD)合并2型糖尿病患者血脂水平的变化,并探讨CHD合并2型糖尿病的危险性与脂质代谢紊乱间的相关性.方法:检测CHD组患者29(男18,女11)例,年龄40～70(平均55.2)岁;CHD合并2型糖尿病组[CHD伴非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(NIDDM)]患者22(男12,女10)例,年龄41～70(平均56.5)岁;正常对照组[健康献血员31(男17,女14)例,年龄38～50(平均43.5)岁]的血脂水平.结果:CHD伴NIDDM组患者总胆固醇(TC),三酰甘油(TG),低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDLC)和载脂蛋白B(ApoB)水平明显高于CHD组患者[TC:(5.87±1.02)mmol/Lvs(4.10±1.13)mmol/L;TG:(2.10±1.05)mmol/Lvs(1.13±0.85)mmol/L;LDLC:(4.23±0.97)mmol/Lvs(2.97±0.90)mmol/L;ApoB:(0.90±0.18)mmol/Lvs(0.58±0.19)mmol/L,均P<0.01],但CHD伴NIDDM组患者高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDLC),载脂蛋白A1(ApoA1)水平明显低于CHD组患者[HDLC(0.71±0.12)mmol/Lvs(0.94±0.16)mmol/L,ApoA1:(0.73±0.19)mmol/Lvs(1.03±0.20)mmol/L,均P<0.01].结论:CHD合并2型糖尿病患者在脂质代谢紊乱方面存在更多致CHD的危险因素,应重视这类患者的血脂检测并及时纠正脂质代谢紊乱,以降低CHD的危险性.     

MRI evaluation of the levator ani muscle: anatomic correlations and practical applications

Summary A comparative study of serial anatomic sections in the transverse, frontal and sagittal planes with corresponding MRI sections of the pelvis allowed the authors to define the most suitable sectional planes and MRI modes for a morphologic study of the levator ani muscle. This study shows the value of MRI examination in the assessment of anorectal malformations.

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Les muscles elevateurs de l'anus en IRM. Corrélations anatomiques et applications pratiques

Résumé A partir de l'étude comparative de coupes anatomiques dans les plans transversal, frontal, sagittal et des coupes IRM correspondantes du petit bassin, les auteurs déterminent quels sont les plans de coupe et les modes IRM les plus performants pour l'étude morphologique des muscles élévateurs de l'anus. Cette étude montre l'intérêt de l'examen IRM dans le bilan des malformations ano-rectales opérées.

     

Inhibitory role of Smad7 in hepatocarcinogenesis in mice and in vitro

Smad7 is a principal inhibitor of the TGFβ–Smad signalling pathway. We have investigated the functional significance of Smad7 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Smad7 knockout (KO) and wild‐type (WT) mice were injected with diethylnitrosamine (DEN) to induce HCC. The effects of Smad7 on cellular features were examined in HCC cells, using a Smad7 over‐expression or deletion approach. Signalling pathway components modulated by Smad7 in HCC were evaluated using luciferase reporter assay and co‐immunoprecipitation. Smad7 was down‐regulated in human HCCs compared with the adjacent normal tissues (p < 0.001). Smad7 KO mice were more susceptible to DEN‐induced HCC than WT mice (78% versus 22%, p < 0.05). HCCs from KO mice displayed a greater proliferation activity (p < 0.05) and a reduced apoptotic index compared with WT littermates (p < 0.05). Deletion of Smad7 promoted cell proliferation in primary cultured HCC cells. In addition, over‐expression of Smad7 in HCC cell lines markedly suppressed cell growth (p < 0.0001) and colony formation (p < 0.01). Cell cycle analysis revealed an increase in the G₁ phase and a reduction in the S‐phase populations, accompanied by up‐regulation of p27^Kip1 and down‐regulation of cyclin D1. Smad7 increased cell apoptosis (p < 0.01) by mediating an intrinsic [caspase‐9, caspase‐3 and poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase] apoptotic pathway. Moreover, Smad7 inhibited NF‐κB signalling by interacting with TAB2, an upstream activator of NF‐κB, and inhibited TGFβ signalling by suppressing phosphorylation of Smad3. In conclusion, loss of Smad7 enhances susceptibility to HCC. Smad7 suppresses HCC cell growth by inhibiting proliferation and G₁–S phase transition and inducing apoptosis through attenuation of NF‐κB and TGFβ signalling. Smad7 acts as a potential tumour suppressor in liver. Copyright © 2013 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The FGF14(F145S) mutation disrupts the interaction of FGF14 with voltage-gated Na+ channels and impairs neuronal excitability

Fibroblast growth factor 14 (FGF14) belongs to the intracellular FGF homologous factor subfamily of FGF proteins (iFGFs) that are not secreted and do not activate tyrosine kinase receptors. The iFGFs, however, have been shown to interact with the pore-forming (alpha) subunits of voltage-gated Na+ (Na(v)) channels. The neurological phenotypes seen in Fgf14-/- mice and the identification of an FGF14 missense mutation (FGF14(F145S)) in a Dutch family presenting with cognitive impairment and spinocerebellar ataxia suggest links between FGF14 and neuronal functioning. Here, we demonstrate that the expression of FGF14(F145S) reduces Na(v) alpha subunit expression at the axon initial segment, attenuates Na(v) channel currents, and reduces the excitability of hippocampal neurons. In addition, and in contrast with wild-type FGF14, FGF14(F145S) does not interact directly with Na(v) channel alpha subunits. Rather, FGF14(F145S) associates with wild-type FGF14 and disrupts the interaction between wild-type FGF14 and Na(v) alpha subunits, suggesting that the mutant FGF14(F145S) protein acts as a dominant negative, interfering with the interaction between wild-type FGF14 and Na(v) channel alpha subunits and altering neuronal excitability.     

纳米羟基磷灰石沉积层/钛酸钾薄层/钛合金生物复合材料体外培养成骨细胞的研究

在制备出具有表面活性的纳米羟基磷灰石沉积层/钛酸钾薄层/钛合金（HA/K2Ti6O13/β-Ti）生物复合材料的基础上,将体外培养的成骨细胞与HA/K2Ti6O13/β-Ti生物复合材料、未经处理β钛合金两种骨替代材料共同培养,在既定时间内观察两种骨替代材料对成骨细胞生长、附着的影响。结果表明两种骨替代材料对成骨细胞生长无明显抑制或促进作用,均具有良好的细胞相容性,它们皆能使成骨细胞附着于各自材料表面,分泌形成胶原纤维样基质。HA/K2Ti6O13/β-Ti生物复合材料较β钛合金具有更优异的的生物活性和成骨性能,是一种很好的生物植入材料。     

Comparison Between Living Donor Liver Transplantation Recipients Who Met the Milan and UCSF Criteria After Successful Downstaging Therapies

Background and Aims

Various downstaging therapies were introduced to liver recipients who could not meet the relative criteria for liver transplantation, and many endpoints were reported. The most common criteria used were the Milan criteria and the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) criteria. However, no comparison was made between them, and we attempted to find possible differences between the living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) patients who met the Milan criteria and those who met the UCSF criteria after accepting preoperative downstaging therapies.

Materials and Methods

We performed a retrospective study of all 72 patients at our center from January 2003 to March 2009 who were diagnosed with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma but accepted various downstaging therapies. Some patients met the Milan criteria (group 1), and some met the UCSF criteria (group 2) but not the Milan criteria. We collected the data from the two groups and then compared the preoperative demographic data, downstaging therapies, intraoperative data from LDLT, and the recovery and complications after LDLT. Survival rates were compared using Kaplan?CMeier analysis.

Results

Only 44 patients (61.1?%) met the criteria for liver transplantation, 21 cases met the Milan criteria (group 1), and 23 cases met the UCSF criteria (group 2) but not the Milan criteria. All of the 44 patients accepted right lobe living liver donor liver transplantation in our center. The difference in the baseline characteristics between the two groups did not reach statistical significance. The mean number of downstaging treatments per patient was 1.81?±?0.35 in group 1 and 1.83?±?0.41 in group 2 (P?=?0.928). Most of the patients received only one downstaging treatment, and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) was the most common downstaging therapy. Four patients suffered complications after downstaging therapies: intra-abdominal hemorrhage after right hepatectomy, upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage after TACE, biliary fistula after resection, and hand?Cfoot syndrome after taking sorafenib. All complications after LDLT, classified according to the Clavien?CDindo system, were compared within the two groups, and the calculated score of the complications in group 1 was 1.48?±?1.63, which was greater than that of group 2 (1.39?±?1.64), but this difference did not reach statistical significance (P?=?0.865). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 90.4, 76.2, and 71.4?% in group 1 and 91.3, 73.9, and 69.6?% in group 2, respectively (P?>?0.05). Seven patients (three in group 1 and four in group 2) had tumor recurrence after a median follow-up period of 72?months. The pathology findings were not different between the two groups.

Conclusion

Recipients who meet the Milan or UCSF criteria after accepting successful preoperative downstaging therapy in LDLT can achieve the same result.     

5-脂氧合酶促癌机制研究进展

5-脂氧合酶蛋白是花生四烯酸代谢途径中的一种关键酶,在恶性肿瘤的发生、发展过程中起了重要作用．抑制5-脂氧合酶及其产物的表达有可能预防和逆转恶性肿瘤的发生,本文结合国内外文献,就5-脂氧合酶分子生物学特征及促癌机制的研究进展作一综述．