神经肽Y对免疫细胞活性的影响

神经肽Y（NPY）是广泛分布于中枢神经系统和外周神经各部位的神经肽类物质。本实验观察NPY在体外对几种免疫细胞活性的直接作用。结果表明，NPY对小鼠T淋巴细胞丝裂原反应性和NK细胞的杀伤活性均无明显影响（P＞0．05），对巨噬细胞分泌溶菌酶有明显抑制作用（P＜0．05）；而对B淋巴细胞丝裂原反应性则有明显的促进作用（P＜0．05）。上述结果提示，NPY对部分免疫细胞功能的影响因细胞种类而异。     

Infectivity of African cassava mosaic virus clones to cassava by biolistic inoculation

Summary.  Clones of an African cassava mosaic virus isolate originating from Nigeria (ACMV-NOg) were shown to be infectious to cassava by biolistic inoculation. The production of pseudorecombinants between ACMV-NOg and clones of an ACMV isolate originating from Kenya (ACMV-K) indicated that the lack of infectivity of ACMV-K to cassava was due to defect(s) in the DNA B genomic component; this component encodes two proteins involved in cell-to-cell movement. This is the first demonstration of infectivity of a cloned geminivirus to cassava and conclusively proves that ACMV is the causative agent of cassava mosaic disease. The potential uses of infectious ACMV clones and the means by which to introduce them into cassava are discussed. Received January 18, 1998 Accepted May 27, 1998     

Rh血型不合新生儿溶血病检测方法及应用

产前检测Ｒｈ，Ｄ因子及抗人球蛋白（ｃｏｏｍｂｓ）试验是必要的。测定Ｒｈ，Ｄ因子及抗Ｄ滴度使用木瓜酶方法。通过对１１２６１例孕妇常规检查Ｒｈ，Ｄ因子，发现Ｄ阴性７４例。Ｒｈ，Ｄ阴性妇女占６．５‰。２２例Ｒｈ，Ｄ阴性的孕妇所分娩的新生儿均为Ｒｈ，Ｄ阳性。其中２例孕妇血清抗Ｄ滴度为１∶３２，病情严重，宫内输血无效，胎死宫内。初产妇１３例，占５９％。活产２０例，存活率９０％。Ｒｈ因子及抗人球蛋白试验方法简便、易行，一般医院均可进行。对有流产史、输血史的孕妇检查Ｒｈ因子是十分必要的。在有条件的医院，对Ｒｈ，Ｄ阴性的产妇分娩Ｒｈ，Ｄ阳性的新生儿之后，产妇应预防性注射抗Ｄ免疫球蛋白     

Direct current therapy for local control of malignant tumors]

Sixteen malignant tumors of soft tissue (15 cases) were treated with low voltage direct current (DC therapy) with or without systemic chemotherapy. Two platinum or stainless steel electrodes were placed in the tumor and around 10 volts of direct current was passed for 1 hour. In cases in which chemotherapy was performed, single or combined anticancer agents consisted of ADM and BLM were administered simultaneously with DC therapy by systemic route. Ten cases (11 tumors) out of 15 cases received no other local treatment. Histological examination was performed in 6 of 11 lesions, and in all lesions pathological therapeutic effects were recognized. Decrease in tumor size was observed in 9 lesions. In 2 cases the tumors disappeared completely after DC therapy only. In one case receiving DC therapy with chemotherapy, the tumor decreased dramatically and became resectable. Main complications were slight pain during treatment and slight fever after treatment, but special treatment for these complications was not necessary. Our results suggested that DC therapy with or without systemic chemotherapy was useful for local control of malignant tumors. And also if DC therapy had been performed simultaneously with chemotherapy the therapeutic effects seemed to be more emphasized than single use of these therapies.     

FEASIBILITY OF CONDUCTING CARDIOVASCULAR OUTCOME RESEARCH IN AUSTRALIAN GENERAL PRACTICE: RESULTS FROM THE ANBP2 PILOT STUDY

1. The present study aimed to determine the feasibility of conducting a 5 year cardiovascular outcome trial of the treatment of 6000 elderly hypertensive patients in Australian general practices. 2. General practitioners (GPs) were invited to participate by mail and personal follow-up. Patient records were reviewed to identify subjects for a blood pressure (BP) screening programme. Blood pressure was measured on three occasions and eligible subjects were included if the average BP was 160 mmHg systolic or 90 mmHg diastolic if systolic BP was 140 mmHg. 3. Seven hundred and forty-one GPs were approached and 89 were enrolled in the study (12% of mail invites and 75% of those receiving a personal contact). In 16 practices where screening was completed, 82 000 records were reviewed to identify 4% patients eligible for screening. Twenty-two per cent of eligible subjects attended screening. Of 1938 subjects screened, 180 (9%) had BP 5=160/90 mmHg. Forty-seven percent of subjects (n = 916) were receiving antihypertensive therapy and 184 (20%) were withdrawn from therapy. One hundred and sixteen (63%) of these subjects had BP return to study entry levels within 6 weeks. Fifty-seven newly diagnosed and 81 previously treated subjects were randomized (7% of the screened population). 4. Based on the high participation rate of GPs, the response rate of patients to attend a BP screening programme and the 7% randomization to screening ratio for entry into the study, the ANBP2 pilot study has demonstrated that it is feasible to recruit subjects from Australian general practices to a cardiovascular outcome trial.     

强化婴幼儿奶粉中叶酸的测定

强化叶酸的奶粉在0.05M K_2HPO_4缓冲液中,经均质,调pH4.5,15000g离心20分钟,其清液调pH4.0,进行CGS树脂离子交换层析,用10ml KClK_2HPO_4洗脱,调pH7.0,进行HPLC测定,采用300x3.9mm ODS反相柱,移动相0.05M K_2HPO+MeOH(91+9),流速1ml/分,紫外检测器波长285nm,灵敏度0.0050D。方法相对标准偏差为±3.3％,回收率为87％,最小检测量为0.02μg/ml。