全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3153138篇 |
免费 | 247752篇 |
国内免费 | 5648篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 45751篇 |
儿科学 | 101353篇 |
妇产科学 | 85108篇 |
基础医学 | 445571篇 |
口腔科学 | 89849篇 |
临床医学 | 286446篇 |
内科学 | 614017篇 |
皮肤病学 | 65682篇 |
神经病学 | 260444篇 |
特种医学 | 125599篇 |
外国民族医学 | 1301篇 |
外科学 | 476404篇 |
综合类 | 74110篇 |
现状与发展 | 2篇 |
一般理论 | 1236篇 |
预防医学 | 252399篇 |
眼科学 | 73748篇 |
药学 | 235856篇 |
6篇 | |
中国医学 | 5946篇 |
肿瘤学 | 165710篇 |
出版年
2018年 | 32466篇 |
2017年 | 24865篇 |
2016年 | 27430篇 |
2015年 | 30975篇 |
2014年 | 44296篇 |
2013年 | 67567篇 |
2012年 | 91746篇 |
2011年 | 97085篇 |
2010年 | 57374篇 |
2009年 | 54828篇 |
2008年 | 92234篇 |
2007年 | 98346篇 |
2006年 | 98992篇 |
2005年 | 96319篇 |
2004年 | 93205篇 |
2003年 | 90217篇 |
2002年 | 88667篇 |
2001年 | 145967篇 |
2000年 | 151163篇 |
1999年 | 128140篇 |
1998年 | 37086篇 |
1997年 | 33617篇 |
1996年 | 33481篇 |
1995年 | 32294篇 |
1994年 | 30265篇 |
1993年 | 28271篇 |
1992年 | 103076篇 |
1991年 | 100169篇 |
1990年 | 96788篇 |
1989年 | 93190篇 |
1988年 | 86302篇 |
1987年 | 85034篇 |
1986年 | 80255篇 |
1985年 | 76772篇 |
1984年 | 58218篇 |
1983年 | 49551篇 |
1982年 | 29816篇 |
1981年 | 26751篇 |
1979年 | 54229篇 |
1978年 | 37978篇 |
1977年 | 32136篇 |
1976年 | 30203篇 |
1975年 | 32104篇 |
1974年 | 39138篇 |
1973年 | 37296篇 |
1972年 | 34769篇 |
1971年 | 31997篇 |
1970年 | 30296篇 |
1969年 | 28033篇 |
1968年 | 25528篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
111.
J. Smolen 《Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie》2006,65(2):92
Ohne Zusammenfassung
Endpunkt- und Verlaufsmessungen bei entzündlichen rheumatischen Erkrankungen in Studien und Praxis相似文献
112.
C F A Peralta P Cavoretto B Csapo O Falcon K H Nicolaides 《Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology》2006,27(2):128-133
OBJECTIVE: To establish reference intervals for the fetal right, left and total lung volumes and heart volume between 12 and 32 weeks of gestation. METHODS: Fetal lung and heart volumes were measured using three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound in 650 normal singleton pregnancies at 12-32 weeks. The VOCAL (Virtual Organ Computer-aided AnaLysis) technique was used to obtain a sequence of six sections of each lung and the heart around a fixed axis, each after a 30 degrees rotation from the previous one. The rotation axis for the lungs extended from the apex to the upper limit of the diaphragm dome, and the rotation axis for the heart extended from its apex to its connection to the great vessels. The contour of each of these organs was drawn manually in the six different rotation planes to obtain the 3D volume measurement. In 60 cases the fetal lungs and heart volumes were measured by the same sonographer twice and also by a second sonographer once in order to compare the measurements and calculate intra- and interobserver agreement. RESULTS: The total lung volume and heart volume increased with gestation, from respective mean values of 1.6 and 0.6 mL at 12 weeks to 10.9 and 4.3 mL at 20 weeks and 49.3 and 26.6 mL at 32 weeks. The right to left lung volume ratio did not change significantly with gestation (median, 0.7), whereas the heart to total lung volume ratio increased with gestation from about 0.3 at 12 weeks to 0.5 at 32 weeks. In the Bland-Altman plot, the difference between paired measurements by two sonographers was, in 95% of the cases, less than 0.05, 0.5 and 1.9 mL for each lung at 12-13, 19-22 and 29-32 weeks, respectively, and the corresponding values for the heart volumes were 0.04, 0.4 and 2.3 mL. CONCLUSIONS: In normal fetuses the lung and heart volumes increase between 12 and 32 weeks of gestation. The extent to which in pathological pregnancies possible deviations in these measurements from normal prove to be useful in the prediction of outcome remains to be determined. 相似文献
113.
B Sedgmen C McMahon D Cairns R J Benzie R L Woodfield 《Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology》2006,27(3):245-251
OBJECTIVE: To explore the impact of timing and type of ultrasound, particularly three-dimensional (3D), exposure on maternal-fetal attachment and maternal health behavior during pregnancy. METHODS: Subjects were 68 women aged 18 years or older expecting their first child who presented for a routine ultrasound scan at around either 12 or 18 weeks' gestation in Nepean Hospital, Western Sydney. Women completed questionnaires assessing maternal-fetal attachment and health behavior, and were then allocated arbitrarily to either two-dimensional (2D) or 3D ultrasound examination. Repeat questionnaires were completed 1 week later. RESULTS: Maternal-fetal attachment increased after both 2D and 3D ultrasound exposure, and the effect was moderated by the timing of exposure, with women receiving their first ultrasound examination at around 12 weeks showing the greatest change. Alcohol consumption was the only behavior to show significant change following ultrasound exposure, with a reduction in the reported average number of drinks per week. There was no significant difference in the pattern of change for 2D compared with 3D ultrasound exposure, and no effect of ultrasound exposure on maternal perception of the fetus. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound has a positive impact on maternal-fetal attachment, particularly in the first trimester. 3D ultrasound did not offer enhanced benefits. Associations between ultrasound exposure and alcohol consumption warrant further investigation. Larger samples are needed to clarify the moderating effects of gestational age and type of ultrasound exposure. 相似文献
114.
H J Kim C H Kang Y T Kim S-W Sung J H Kim S M Lee C-G Yoo C-T Lee Y W Kim S K Han Y-S Shim J-J Yim 《The European respiratory journal》2006,28(3):576-580
Although surgical lung resection could improve prognosis in some patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), there are no reports on the optimal candidates for this surgery. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the prognostic factors for surgery in patients with MDR-TB. Patients who underwent lung resection for the treatment of MDR-TB between March 1993 and December 2004 were included in the present study. Treatment failure was defined as greater than or equal to two of the five cultures recorded in the final 12 months of treatment being positive, any one of the final three cultures being positive, or the patient having died during treatment. The variables that affected treatment outcomes were identified through univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. In total, 79 patients with MDR-TB were included in the present study. The treatment outcomes of 22 (27.8%) patients were classified as failure. A body mass index <18.5 kg x m(-2), primary resistance, resistance to ofloxacin and the presence of a cavitary lesion beyond the range of the surgical resection were associated with treatment failure. Low body mass index, primary resistance, resistance to ofloxacin and cavitary lesions beyond the range of resection are possible poor prognostic factors for surgical lung resection in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients. 相似文献
115.
M Müller J Grunewald C Olgart H?glund B Dahlén A Eklund H Stridh 《The European respiratory journal》2006,28(3):513-522
The increased number of lymphocytes in airways during an asthmatic response is believed to be the result of increased recruitment of these cells. However, it is possible that a decreased apoptotic rate could also contribute to the increased number. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether allergen airway provocation influences the apoptotic phenotype of lung and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) in subjects with atopic asthma. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) lymphocytes and PBL from 12 asthmatic subjects previously challenged with allergen (n = 7) or saline (n = 5) were exposed to the apoptotic stimulus tributyltin (TBT) in vitro and assayed for apoptosis. Airway allergen provocation resulted in decreased sensitivity of BAL lymphocytes to TBT-induced apoptosis, with 42.2% (range 33.9-62.5%) apoptotic cells before challenge versus 23.5% (range 15.3-42.4%) after challenge, while PBL were unaffected. The increased apoptosis resistance correlated with higher numbers of Bcl-2-expressing lymphocytes. Interestingly, baseline caspase-3-like activity was significantly elevated in viable BAL lymphocytes compared with viable PBL, and was unaltered by allergen exposure. In conclusion, allergen inhalation renders bronchoalveolar lavage lymphocytes more resistant to apoptosis while peripheral blood lymphocytes were not influenced at all, indicating that the apoptotic phenotype of airway lymphocytes may play a role in asthmatic inflammation. 相似文献
116.
117.
118.
Pancreatic Panniculitis Associated with Allograft Pancreatitis and Rejection in a Simultaneous Pancreas–Kidney Transplant Recipient 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
J. L. Pike J. C. Rice R. L. Sanchez E. B. Kelly B. C. Kelly 《American journal of transplantation》2006,6(10):2502-2505
Pancreatic panniculitis is an uncommon condition that can occur in association with pancreatic disease. We present a case of pancreatic panniculitis in a female pancreas-kidney transplant recipient 5 months post-transplant. The patient was on standard immunosuppressive medications and had acute rejection of her renal allograft. The diagnosis of allograft pancreatitis and rejection presenting with pancreatic panniculitis was supported clinically, histopathologically and by laboratory and imaging data. This is the fourth case of pancreatic panniculitis occurring in a transplant recipient and the first in a simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplant recipient. It is also the first case associated with allograft rejection. Clinicians should be aware that pancreatic panniculitis may be a manifestation of underlying allograft pancreatic disease. 相似文献
119.
K. Dahan V. Audard F. Roudot-Thoraval D. Desvaux M. Abtahi H. Mansour M. Kumal P. Lang P. Grimbert 《American journal of transplantation》2006,6(7):1725-1730
The clinical outcome and appropriate management for patients showing 'borderline changes' on allograft biopsy after renal transplantation is still controversial. In an attempt to identify predictive factors of clinical outcome of patients with such lesions, we reviewed the clinical course of 91 patients with borderline changes. Multivariate analysis revealed significant and independent effects of histological stage (i + t < or = or > 2) and time to borderline changes (< or = or > 3 months after transplant) on serum creatinine levels at 1 year from borderline changes episodes (respectively, p = 0.04 and p = 0.02) and only a significant effect of time to borderline changes on serum creatinine levels at 2 years (p = 0.005). Renal function at 1 year and 2 years as 5- and 8-year graft survival were not significantly different in the group of patients treated with antirejection therapy (T group, n = 49) compared with the untreated group (UT group, n = 42). This study strongly suggests that borderline changes with histological score (i + t) > 2 and late episodes of borderline changes should be considered to be of poor prognosis. 相似文献
120.
J. F. Trotter J. Campsen T. Bak M. Wachs L. Forman G. Everson I. Kam 《American journal of transplantation》2006,6(8):1882-1889
The purpose of this study is to determine the role of liver biopsy and outcome of patients undergoing donor evaluation for adult-to-adult right hepatic lobe living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). Records of patients presenting for a comprehensive donor evaluation between 1997 and February 2005 were reviewed. Liver biopsy was performed only in patients with risk factors for abnormal histology. Two hundred and sixty patients underwent a comprehensive donor evaluation and 116 of 260 (45%) were suitable for donation, 14 of 260 (5.4%) did not complete evaluation and 130 of 260 (50%) were rejected. Four patients underwent unsuccessful hepatectomy surgery due to discovery of intraoperative abnormalities. Between 1997 and 2001, the acceptance rate of donor candidates (63%) was higher than 2002-2005 (36%), p < 0.0001. Sixty-six of the 150 eligible patients (44%) fulfilled criteria for liver biopsy and 28 of 66 (42%) had an abnormal finding. Less than half of the patients undergoing donor evaluation were suitable donors and the donor acceptance rate has declined over time. A large proportion of the patients undergoing liver biopsy have abnormal findings. Our evaluation process failed to identify 4 of 103 who had aborted donor surgeries. 相似文献