Inhibitory effect of glycyrrhiza uralensis fish and chelidonium majus L on gastrocarcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N′-nitron-N-nitrosoguanidine

In order to investigate the antagonistic effect of Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Fish (GUF) and Chelidonium maJus L (CML) on gastrccarcinogenesis induced by MNNG in Wastar rats, we treated the rats with MNNG alone (group 1) and with MNNG plus GUF and CML (group 2 and 3) respectively. The incidence of infiltrating adenocarcinoma of the glandular stomach and duodenum in group 2 was significantly lower than that in group 1 (26.7% vs. 67.8%). The differentiation and aggressivenees of carcinomas occured in group 2 were much better and mild than those in group 1. Present study also demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of CML on proliferation of human stomach carcinoma cell line MGC-803 was very remarkable; in addition, GUF and CML were able to antagonise the mutagenic activation of MNNG. These results suggest that GUF and CML may be empoyed in prevention of gastric carcinoma.     

Serotonergic projections from the midbrain periaqueductal gray and nucleus raphe dorsalis to the nucleus parafasccicularis of the thalamus

By a double-labeling method combining the retrograde tracing of horseradish peroxidase and the immunocytochemical technique, serotonin-like immunoreactive neurons in the midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG) and nucleus raphe dorsalis (DR) of the rat were observed to send projection fibers to the nucleus parafascicularis of the thalamus bilaterally with an ipsilateral dominance. These serotonin-containing projecting neurons were observed mainly at the middle-caudal levels of the ventrolateral subdivision of the PAG and less at the middle-rostral levels of the DR.     

移植肾破裂的处理

目的　提高移植肾破裂的防治水平。方法　 6例移植肾破裂 ,手术前 2例 ,手术后 4例。 2例术前供肾破裂 ,采用切开移植肾破裂处包膜 +裂口内明胶海绵填塞 +肠线修补 +肠线编织肾袋收缩保护移植肾。 1例术后移植肾破裂早期 ,出血少 ,针对顽固性高血压采用“硝普钠”降压 ,配合常规抗排斥药物。 3例术后移植肾破裂出血量估计超过 10 0 0ml者 ,采用手术延长移植肾破裂处包膜 +裂口内明胶海绵填塞 +肠线修补 +肠线编织肾袋收缩保护移植肾。结果　 ( 1)手术前 2例手术后 4例 ,采用切开或者延长移植肾破裂处包膜 +裂口内明胶海绵填塞 +肠线修补 +肠线编织肾袋收缩保护移植肾并配合“硝普钠”降压的方法处理 ,均未再破裂出血 ,移植肾功能恢复良好。 ( 2 ) 1例术后移植肾破裂早期的患者 ,针对顽固性高血压采用“硝普钠”降压 ,配合常规抗排斥药物 ,非手术治疗成功。结论　 ( 1)采用手术切开或延长移植肾破裂处包膜 +裂口内明胶海绵填塞 +肠线修补 +肠线编织肾袋收缩保护移植肾可以有效治疗移植肾破裂。 ( 2 )移植肾破裂出血少的情况下 ,可以在密切观察下非手术治疗     

Potential contribution of nuclear factor-kappaB to cerebral vasospasm after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rabbits.

Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) plays a key role in inflammation, which is involved in the development of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). In the present study, we assessed the potential role of NF-kappaB in regulation of cerebral vasospasm. Nuclear factor-kappaB DNA-binding activity was measured in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) treated with hemolysate and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC, 80 micromol/L), an inhibitor of NF-kappaB. Forty-two rabbits were divided into three groups: control, SAH, and PDTC groups (n=14 for each group). The caliber of the basilar artery was evaluated. Nuclear factor-kappaB DNA-binding activity and the gene expression levels of cytokines and adhesion molecules in the basilar artery were measured. Immunohistochemical study was performed to assess the expression and localization of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and myeloperoxidase (MPO). It was observed that NF-kappaB DNA-binding activity was significantly increased by treatment with hemolysate in cultured VSCMs, but this increase was suppressed by pretreatment with PDTC. Severe vasospasm was observed in the SAH group, which was attenuated in the PDTC group. Subarachnoid hemorrhage could induce increases of NF-kappaB DNA-binding activity and the gene expression levels of TNF-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, ICAM-1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, which were reduced in the PDTC group. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated that the expression levels of TNF-alpha, ICAM-1, and MPO were all increased in the SAH group, but these increases were attenuated in the PDTC group. Our results suggest that NF-kappaB is activated in the arterial wall after SAH, which potentially leads to vasospasm development through induction of inflammatory response.     

温州地区近6年907例精神病司法鉴定案例分析

目的　探讨近 6年精神病司法鉴定案例的特征。方法　对浙江温州鹿城精神病医院1998～ 1999年 (A组 ) 2 0 2例 ,2 0 0 0～ 2 0 0 1年 (B组 ) 36 8例 ,2 0 0 2～ 2 0 0 3年 (C组 ) 337例进行对照研究。结果　近 6年 ,女性和无业构成比上升 (P <0 .0 1)。责任能力评定下降 ,服刑能力、民事行为能力评定上升 (P <0 .0 1)。精神损伤评定构成比上升 (P <0 .0 5 )。诊断为精神分裂症、情感性精神病逐年上升(P <0 .0 1)。无责任能力评定上升 (P <0 .0 1) ,完全责任能力评定下降 (P <0 .0 1)。法院委托鉴定上升 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　近 6年中精神病司法学呈现不同的特点 ,并逐步向规范化、法规化迈进 ,服务范围和对象将会扩大     

超声热疗临床应用的研究

目的：通过超声热疗配合常规放疗治疗晚期恶性肿瘤的临床研究，评价超声热疗的疗效及与疗效有关的加热参数。材料和方法： 对１７ 例晚期恶性肿瘤的１７ 个病灶用常规放疗加超声热疗。放疗用直线加速器外照射，每次２ Ｇｙ、周５ 次， 总剂量４０～７０ Ｇｙ。热疗在放疗后３０ ｍ ｉｎ 内进行，每周加热１～２ 次，每次加温时间 ６０ ｍ ｉｎ，６～８ 次一疗程。全例病人每次加温时实测肿瘤内温度。结果：在可评价的１３例中，ＣＲ ２３．１％ （３／１３）、ＰＲ ４６．２％ （６／１３）、ＮＣ ２３．１％ （３／１３）、ＰＤ ７．７％ （ １／１３） ， 有效率（ＣＲ＋ ＰＲ）为６９．３％ 。肿瘤中心部温度达到４２．５℃以上的累积时间和总加热次数是决定疗效的重要参数。在１７ 例患者的 ８９ 次加温中，副作用的发生率相对较低。结论：使用超声热疗配合放疗，只要实现满负荷加温，进一步提高肿瘤的局部控制率是完全可能的     

Liver transplantation in Taiwan: the Chang Gung experience

Between March 1984 and February 1991, six orthotopic liver transplantations were performed at the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in Taiwan. The indications for transplantation were Wilson's disease (5 patients) and biliary atresia (1 patient). Donors and recipients were matched only for size and ABO blood group compatibility, and the recipient operations were performed without the use of a venovenous bypass. Arterial reconstruction was carried out by end-to-end hepatic artery anastomosis (4), thoracic aortic conduit (1), or interposition of an iliac artery graft (1), whereas biliary reconstruction was accomplished by a choledochocholedochostomy using a T-tube stent (4) or a choledochocholedochostomy using an external cholecystostomy without stenting (2). Biliary complications occurred in three patients, and all required additional surgery. The average duration of donor-liver cold ischemia, operating time, and blood loss during surgery were 7 h and 50 min (range, 4.5–9 h), 13.5 h (range, 11.8–17h), and 4,385 ml (range, 750–12,000 ml) respectively. The immunosuppressive regimens included a cyclosporinsteroid combination (n=2) and a triple-drug combination (n=4). All except one of the surviving patients experienced at least one rejection episode that was reversed by a methyl-prednisolone bolus and/or recycle. One patient developed a primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection that responded well to Ganciclovir treatment. Two of the patients died, one of injuries sustained in a traffic accident 3 years after transplantation, and the other of massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The overall survival value at 3 months was 83%, and the follow-up period ranged from 3 months to 7 years. All of the survivors have achieved complete rehabilitation and currently enjoy an excellent quality of life with normal liver function. Althought the present study involved a small number of cases, our results indicate that liver transplantation can be successfully achieved in a high proportion of patients with acceptable morbidity, mortality, and cost in an Asian setting. The extreme shortage of donor organs is currently the most important obstacle limiting the application of liver transplantation in Taiwan.Presented at The Second International Symposium on Treatment of Liver Cancer. Taipei, 3–4 February 1991     

Characterization of prorenin activation using a synthetic peptide substrate.

Human renin is synthesized as an inactive zymogen (prorenin) which is processed to the active form. We synthesized an 11-amino acid peptide which spans the human prorenin processing site in order to develop a simple assay to study human prorenin activation. Six enzymes which are capable of activating recombinant prorenin in vitro were studied. Four of these enzymes digested the synthetic peptide in a specific fashion, as analyzed by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Amino acid analysis of the purified digestion products revealed that trypsin cleaves between Arg-Leu, the authentic processing site, while kallikrein, plasmin and elastase all cleaved at alternate sites. On the other hand, pepsin and cathepsin D did not cleave this substrate, suggesting that the activation of prorenin by these proteases might occur at a site distinct from the authentic processing site. Our data suggest that this synthetic peptide may be used as a simple and specific assay for prorenin activation.     

胃肠道肿瘤病人围手术期细胞因子及蛋白质代谢的变化

目的 :探讨胃肠道肿瘤病人手术后肿瘤坏死因子 α (TNF α)、白介素 6 (IL 6 )、白介素 10 (IL 10 )的变化以及与蛋白质代谢的关系。　方法 :用酶联免疫法 (ELISA)检测 19例胃肠道肿瘤根治术病人术前和术后 1、3、5天血清TNF α、IL 6和IL 10水平 ,同时检测蛋白质分解代谢相关指标、2 4h尿中尿素和肌酐排泄量。　结果 :胃肠道肿瘤根治术后病人TNF α呈下降趋势 ,术后第 1天较术前明显下降 (P <0 .0 5 )。IL 6和IL 10术后升高 (P <0 .0 1) ,尤以术后第 1天升高明显。术后 2 4h尿中尿素和肌酐排泄量明显升高。　结论 :胃肠道肿瘤根治术后病人IL 6和IL 10的升高支持手术应激导致的细胞因子释放变化 ,但TNF α呈下降趋势 ,可能与胃肠道肿瘤病人术前TNF α的高表达有关。术后蛋白质分解代谢增加 ,可能与细胞因子IL 6和IL 10的升高有关。